Hanyoyi biyar don Inganta Tasirin Tulin Tulin Zinariya

Tuba leaching ya ƙunshi matakai guda biyu: cyanide leaching da kuma dawo da zinariya daga maganin zinare mai ciki. Ingancin cyanide leaching kai tsaye yana tasiri ga nasarar leaching. Mai zuwa yana gabatar da abubuwa biyar akan yadda ake haɓaka tasirin hakar gwal ta hanyar zubewar tsibi.

1. Aikace-aikacen Fasahar Granulation

A lokacin leaching na zinariya tama, ores tare da high lãka abun ciki ko lafiya - hatsi kayayyakin ba dace da kai tsaye tudun leaching da kuma bukatar granulation pretreatment don inganta iska permeability na tama. Pretreatment na granulation na iya ƙara yawan leaching na zinari kuma, a mafi yawan lokuta, yana haɓaka ƙimar leaching na gwal sosai. Dangane da halin da ake ciki, ma'adinai za a iya cika shi sosai, ko kuma kawai mai kyau - za'a iya aiwatar da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta.

Misali, a shekarar 1991. Wani ma'adinin zinari a jihar Xinjiang na kasar Sin, ya gudanar da aikin hako ma'aunin gwal mafi girma (ton 24.000) a karon farko. An rage lokacin leaching da kwanaki 35 idan aka kwatanta da leaching kai tsaye, kuma adadin leaching ya karu daga 49.69% zuwa 81.5%.

2. Inganta Karfin Tulin Tama da Magani

Piling wani muhimmin sashe ne na tsarin tulin tama na gwal. Duk tulin ma'adinan yakamata ya kasance yana da irin wannan ruɗani don gujewa taruwa ko toshewar gida. Sabili da haka, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da ci-gaba na baka - sifar sabon kayan gini na tama da kuma ɗaukar tsarin gudana na "rarrabuwar tari, giciye - fesa, da multi-steage counter - leaching na yanzu". Sa'an nan kuma, a zuba iska a cikin tudun ma'adinin kuma a shimfiɗa bututun tattara ruwa don inganta yanayin iska na tulin tama da tasirin leaching.

Yawancin lokaci, ya kamata a shigar da na'urorin da suka dace don shigar da iskar oxygen yayin tarawa don inganta haɓakar iska da ƙimar leaching na tari.

Misali, a cikin tulin tsibi, ana binne sandunan kaguwa, bututun bamboo, da sauransu. Bayan leaching na wani lokaci, waɗannan abubuwan da aka binne ana fitar da su don inganta haɓakar leach ɗin zinare. Ko kuma, bayan tsibin tsibi na ɗan lokaci, ana yin ɓarna a cikin gida a cikin ruwa - sassan da aka tara, wanda kuma zai iya kwance tulin tama da inganta haɓaka.

Sakamakon bincike daga Cibiyar Bincike ta Hazen da ke Amurka ya nuna cewa kara yawan iskar oxygen da ke cikin tulin ma'adinan ba zai iya rage yawan leaching da kusan kashi ɗaya cikin uku kawai ba amma har ma da ƙara yawan ruwan gwal.

3. Kiyaye Madaidaicin Zazzaɓin Leaching

Hanyar cyanidation yana da manyan buƙatu don zafin jiki. Don haka, a cikin yanayin sanyi, babban abin da ke kawo cikas ga tarin leaching shine zafin jiki. Lokacin da zafin leaching ya yi ƙasa da 10 ° C, adadin narkar da zinariya zai ragu sosai. Don karya iyakacin zafin jiki da kuma tsawaita lokacin leaching, maganin yana buƙatar dumama kafin yawo sannan a aika zuwa tarin ma'adinai.

Wasu mahakar ma'adinai a Kanada suna amfani da ɓata zafi don dumama maganin, don haka suna tsawaita lokacin aikin tsibi. Ma'adinin Zinare na Richmond Hill da ke Kudancin Dakota, Amurka, yana amfani da ban ruwa mai ɗigo da zafi - na'urorin sha a jikin tari don samun ci gaba da samarwa a duk lokacin hunturu.

4. Aikace-aikacen Ban ruwa mai ɗigo

Fesa ban ruwa da drip ban ruwa hanyoyi ne daban-daban na rarraba ruwa guda biyu a cikin tsarin leaching, duka biyun suna iya haifar da tasirin rarraba ruwa iri ɗaya.

Duk da haka, adadin leaching a cikin hanyar fesa ba shi da sauƙin sarrafawa, yawan leaching ba shi da sauƙi don karuwa, kuma a lokaci guda, ƙananan cyanide - dauke da ɗigon ruwa da aka fesa a cikin iska yana da sauƙi don yaduwa da kuma gurɓata muhalli. Don rage yawan amfani da makamashi da ƙara yawan leaching, ana iya amfani da hanyar ban ruwa mai ɗigo.

Amfanin Ruwan Ruwan ɗigo

• Drip ban ruwa na iya ƙara yawan abin da ke cikin iska a cikin bayani, wato, abun da ke cikin iskar oxygen da ke shiga cikin sinadarai yana ƙaruwa, ta haka yana ƙara yawan aikin hazo na zinariya.

• Drip ban ruwa iya daidai sarrafa taro na cyanide bayani da kuma rage asarar Sodium cyanide a cikin iska.

• Ban ruwa mai ɗigo yana da sauƙi don ƙara kayan sarrafa zafin jiki don cimma manufar ƙara yawan zafin jiki na halayen sinadarai masu zub da jini.

• Ban ruwa mai ɗigon ruwa yana da babban matakin sarrafa kansa, ingantaccen samarwa, da ƙarancin farashin samarwa.

5. Amfani da Tace Aid

A matsayin ƙari, ana ƙara taimakon leaching zuwa ɓangaren litattafan almara na cyanide. A gefe guda, yana iya ƙara haɓaka tsakanin cyanide da zinariya; a daya bangaren kuma yana iya kawar da ko raunana tasirin abubuwa masu cutarwa kan leken zinari na cyanide, ta yadda hakan zai kara rurrubewa da fitar da taimakon leaching a kan gwal, daga karshe ya rage tsadar kayayyaki da inganta tattalin arzikin kamfanoni.

Abubuwan da aka ƙara yawan leaching a lokacin aikin leaching ɗin sun haɗa da oxidants, ingantattun abubuwan leaching, abubuwan jika, da sauransu.

• Ƙara oxygen - dauke da oxidants (H₂O₂, CaO₂, Na₂O₂, da dai sauransu) a lokacin aikin leaching na cyanide zai iya ƙara "oxygen mai aiki mai tasiri" a cikin ɓangaren litattafan almara, don haka inganta tasirin leaching na zinariya.

• Ƙara adadin da ya dace na wakili na jika ko haɓakar leaching wakili zuwa maganin cyanide yana taimakawa wajen shiga cikin maganin cyanide kuma yana inganta halayen tsakanin maganin cyanide da zinariya mai rufi.

6. Kammalawa

Wannan labarin ya fi tattauna batun tulin tulin ma'adinan zinare. Tsarin leaching na tsibi yana da halaye na kayan more rayuwa mai sauƙi, aiki mai dacewa, da kuma aikin sararin samaniya, wanda yawancin masu hakar gwal suka yi maraba da su. Koyaya, tasirin hakar zinare na tsarin leaching na tsibi yana shafar abubuwa da yawa. Ana ba da shawarar masu haƙar ma'adinai su tsara madaidaicin tsarin tulin tsibi ta hanyar ƙirar ƙirar kimiyya. Gwada kuma zaɓi kayan aikin tudun da suka dace, kuma ana iya yin gyare-gyare bisa ga ainihin yanayin masana'antar tare da la'akari da abubuwa biyar masu zuwa:

• Aikace-aikacen fasaha na granulation a cikin ores tare da lafiya - ƙira mai ƙima ko babban abun ciki na yumbu da ƙarancin iska.

• Inganta permeability na tama tulin da mafita.

• Kula da yanayin zafin da ya dace.

• Aikace-aikacen ban ruwa drip.

• Aikace-aikacen kayan aikin tacewa.

Idan kuna sha'awar tsarin leaching, da fatan za a bar sako don sadarwa tare da mu ko tuntuɓar sabis na abokin ciniki na kan layi, kuma za mu tuntuɓe ku da wuri-wuri.