Fahimtar Sodium Cyanide: Amfani, Hatsari, da Tasiri akan Lafiyar Dan Adam

Sodium cyanide, wani fili mai guba mai tsananin gaske tare da dabarar sinadarai NaCN, asalinsa ne Hydrocyonic acid. Wannan foda mara launi na crystalline an san shi da iya narkewa a cikin ruwa da kuma yanayin ƙamshin almond mai ɗaci, ko da yake yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa ba kowa ba ne zai iya gano wannan warin-kimanin kashi 50 cikin XNUMX na yawan jama'a ba su da ikon jin dadinsa. Wannan fili ba shi da kwanciyar hankali musamman; ƙungiyar cyano za a iya samun sauƙin hijira ta hanyar acid mai ƙarfi, wanda zai haifar da asarar guba. Bugu da kari, sodium Cyanide zai iya oxidize lokacin da aka fallasa shi zuwa iska mai laushi ko Glucose mafita, wanda shine dalilin da yasa ake amfani da glucose a wasu lokuta azaman maganin guba don guba na cyanide.

Aikace-aikacen Masana'antu na Sodium Cyanide

Sodium cyanide ana amfani da shi da farko a masana'antar hakar ma'adinai da sarrafa kayayyaki, musamman wajen hako karafa masu daraja kamar zinari da azurfa. A cikin wadannan matakai, sodium cyanide mafita aiki a matsayin mai kara kuzari, sauƙaƙe iskar shaka daga cikin wadannan karafa, wanda ba za a iya kai tsaye oxidized da oxygen. Wannan hanya, wacce aka fi sani da cyanidation, ta kasance ginshiƙin haƙar zinare sama da ɗari ɗari, wanda ke ba da damar dawo da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙarfe masu daraja daga ma'adanin cikin inganci.

Bayan hakar ma'adinai, Sodium cyanide kuma yana aiki a ciki Girkawa, inda ake amfani da shi wajen ajiye wani Layer na karfe a saman. Tasirinsa a cikin waɗannan aikace-aikacen masana'antu ya sa ya zama sinadarai mai mahimmanci, amma gubarsa yana haifar da damuwa mai mahimmanci na aminci da muhalli.

Hatsarin Lafiya Haɗe da Sodium Cyanide

Haɗarin sodium cyanide ba za a iya wuce gona da iri ba. Bayyanawa ga wannan fili na iya haifar da mummunan tasirin lafiya, saboda yana da ƙarfi mai hana numfashi ta salula. Lokacin da aka sha, shaka, ko shayarwa ta fata, sodium cyanide na iya tsoma baki tare da ikon jiki na yin amfani da iskar oxygen, wanda zai haifar da bayyanar cututtuka irin su ciwon kai, tashin hankali, rudani, kuma a lokuta masu tsanani, asarar sani ko mutuwa.

Hanyar guba ta ƙunshi ɗaurin ions cyanide zuwa cytochrome c oxidase, wani muhimmin enzyme a cikin sarkar jigilar lantarki na mitochondrial. Wannan ɗaure yana hana sel yin amfani da iskar oxygen, yadda ya kamata ya shaƙe su a matakin salula. Saurin bayyanar cututtuka yana nufin cewa kulawar gaggawa na gaggawa yana da mahimmanci a lokuta da ake zargin guba na cyanide.

Tushen Bayyanawa

Yayin da sodium cyanide ke da alaƙa da amfani da masana'antu, ana iya samun shi a cikin samfuran mabukaci daban-daban. Misali, wasu abubuwan tsaftace kayan ado da goge goge na iya ƙunsar mahaɗan cyanide, suna haifar da haɗari ga masu amfani idan ba a sarrafa su yadda ya kamata ba. Bugu da ƙari, wasu kayan fasaha, kamar takamaiman nau'ikan gouache da fenti masu launi na ruwa, na iya ƙunsar cyanide, wanda ke nuna buƙatar taka tsantsan tsakanin masu fasaha da masu sha'awar sha'awa.

Matakan Tsaro da Magunguna

Ganin yawan guba na sodium cyanide, tsauraran matakan tsaro suna da mahimmanci a wuraren da ake amfani da shi. Wannan ya haɗa da horon da ya dace ga ma'aikata, amfani da kayan kariya na sirri (PPE), da aiwatar da ka'idojin amsa gaggawa. A yayin da aka fallasa, ƙazanta kai tsaye da sa baki na likita suna da mahimmanci.

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, glucose na iya zama maganin hana guba na cyanide, saboda yana taimakawa wajen dawo da numfashi na salula. Sauran magungunan sun haɗa da hydroxocobalamin, wanda ke ɗaure da ions na cyanide don samar da wani abu marar guba wanda jiki zai iya fitar da shi, da sodium thiosulfate, wanda ke taimakawa wajen canza cyanide zuwa thiocyanate, wani fili mai guba.

Damuwar muhalli

Yin amfani da sodium cyanide a cikin ma'adinai da sauran masana'antu ya haifar da matsalolin muhalli masu mahimmanci. Sakin cyanide na bazata zuwa cikin muhalli na iya yin mugun tasiri a kan halittun gida, musamman rayuwar ruwa. Mummunan malalar Baia Mare cyanide a shekara ta 2000 a Romania, wanda ya haifar da gurbacewar koguna da kuma mutuwar dubban kifaye, ya zama babban abin tunasarwa kan hadurran da ke tattare da wannan sinadari.

Don rage waɗannan haɗari, ƙasashe da yawa sun aiwatar da tsauraran ƙa'idodi waɗanda ke kula da amfani da zubar da sodium cyanide. Ana buƙatar kamfanoni su sami cikakkun tsare-tsare na sarrafa haɗari a wurin, kuma ana bincika ci gaban fasaha don samar da mafi aminci madadin haƙon zinare da sauran aikace-aikace.

Kammalawa

Sodium cyanide wani sinadari ne mai ƙarfi kuma mai ɗimbin yawa tare da mahimman aikace-aikacen masana'antu, musamman a ɓangaren ma'adinai. Koyaya, yawan gubarsa yana haifar da haɗari ga lafiya ga mutane da muhalli. Fahimtar kaddarorin, amfani, da hatsarori na sodium cyanide yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da aminci a cikin sarrafa shi da aikace-aikacen sa. Yayin da masana'antu ke ci gaba da neman ingantattun hanyoyi don hakar karfe da sarrafa su, ƙalubalen ya rage don daidaita waɗannan buƙatun tare da mahimmancin kare lafiyar ɗan adam da muhalli. Ci gaba da bincike da ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce na tsari zai zama mahimmanci wajen magance waɗannan ƙalubalen da haɓaka ayyuka masu aminci a cikin amfani da sodium cyanide.