Me yasa ake kallon sodium Cyanide a hankali?

sodium cyanide (NaCN) ya dade yana zama abin sha'awa da damuwa a fannoni daban-daban. Wannan ya faru ne saboda yanayinsa mai guba da yawa da aikace-aikace masu yawa a cikin masana'antu.

Guba: Barazana Mai Kisa

Sodium cyanide yana da matukar guba ga mutane. Ko da ƙaramin adadin, kusan kashi 5% na teaspoon, na iya zama m. Lokacin da ya shiga jikin mutum, yakan rabu cikin ions cyanide (CN⁻). Waɗannan ions suna da alaƙa mai ƙarfi ga ƙarfe a cikin cytochrome oxidase, wani enzyme mai mahimmanci ga sarkar jigilar lantarki a cikin numfashi ta salula. Ta hanyar ɗaure da baƙin ƙarfe, ions cyanide suna hana aikin enzyme, tare da toshe canja wurin electrons kuma a ƙarshe suna rushe ikon jiki na samar da makamashi a cikin hanyar ATP. Wannan yana haifar da rashin aiki mai sauri na salula, lactic acidosis (kamar yadda sel ke canzawa zuwa metabolism na anaerobic), kuma a ƙarshe mutuwa. Alamomin cutar sodium cyanide guba ya haɗa da baƙin ciki na numfashi, jujjuyawa, asarar sani, da kama zuciya. Ganin wannan matsanancin kisa, duk wani yuwuwar bayyanar da shi sodium Cyanide, ko a cikin hatsarori na masana'antu ko wasu al'amuran, nan da nan yana haifar da matsalolin lafiyar jama'a da aminci.

Yaɗuwar Aikace-aikacen Masana'antu

Karafa na Gwal

Daya daga cikin amfanin farko Sodium cyanide yana cikin hakar gwal masana'antu. Yawancin zinare na duniya ba a samun su a cikin manyan ƙullun, sai dai a matsayin ƙaƙƙarfan barbashi da suka tarwatse a cikin duwatsu. Don cire zinari daga waɗannan ma'adanai, ana amfani da tsari da ake kira cyanidation. Bayan an haƙa ma'adinan kuma a niƙa a cikin foda mai kyau, ana ƙara shi a cikin maganin sodium cyanide. Zinariya tana samar da alaƙa mai ƙarfi tare da ƙwayoyin cyanide, ƙirƙirar zinare mai narkewa - rukunin cyanide. Sannan za a iya raba wadannan rukunin gidaje da sauran ma’adanai da ke cikin ma’adanin, saboda suna narkewa a cikin ruwa. Bayan haka, an ƙara zinc a cikin bayani, wanda ke amsawa tare da zinare - cyanide complexes, yana haifar da zinari don haɓakawa a matsayin m. Ana narkar da wannan samfurin na ƙarshe don ware tsantsar zinariya. Bukatar zinari na duniya, wanda abubuwa ke haifar da su kamar yin kayan ado, saka hannun jari, da aikace-aikacen masana'antu, yana nufin cewa ana amfani da babban adadin sodium cyanide a ayyukan hakar gwal a duk duniya. Sakamakon haka, duk wasu batutuwan da suka shafi sodium cyanide a cikin wannan mahallin, kamar amintaccen sarrafa shi, adanawa, da sufuri, suna jan hankali sosai saboda mahimmancin tattalin arzikin masana'antu.

Sauran Amfanin Masana'antu

Sodium cyanide kuma yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a sauran sassan masana'antu. A fannin lantarki, ana amfani da shi a matsayin wani sashi a wasu wuraren wanka. Yana taimakawa wajen samun santsi kuma iri ɗaya na karafa irin su jan karfe, azurfa, cadmium, da zinc akan abubuwa daban-daban. A cikin masana'antar sinadarai, sodium cyanide yana aiki azaman maɓalli na farawa. Alal misali, a cikin haɗin wasu magunguna, ana amfani da shi don gabatar da ƙungiyar cyano (-CN) a cikin kwayoyin halitta, wanda ke da mahimmanci don samar da magungunan ƙwayoyi masu yawa. Ana kuma amfani da ita wajen samar da zaruruwan roba, robobi, da rini. A cikin masana'antar rini, yana da hannu a cikin haɗakar mahadi kamar (cyanuric chloride), wanda shine muhimmin matsakaici don yin rini mai amsawa kuma yana aiki azaman ɗanɗano don samar da masu haske na gani. Ganin muhimmancinsa a cikin waɗannan hanyoyin masana'antu daban-daban, duk wani cikas a cikin samarwa, sarrafawa, ko amincin sodium cyanide na iya samun sakamako mai nisa na tattalin arziki.

Abubuwan da suka faru da Tasirinsu

Abubuwan da suka faru masu girma da suka shafi sodium cyanide sun kara ba da gudummawa wajen yin fice a idon jama'a. Misali, fashewar Tianjin a shekarar 2015 wani lamari ne mai ban tausayi wanda ya kawo sinadarin sodium cyanide a cikin tabo. A wurin fashewar, an gano tarin tarin ton 700 na sodium cyanide, wanda ya fi sau 70 bisa doka. Fashewar ta haifar da damuwa game da yuwuwar sakin wannan sinadari mai guba a cikin muhalli. Idan da an saki sodium cyanide kuma ya hadu da ruwa ko yanayin zafi mai zafi, da ta iya samar da iskar hydrogen cyanide, wani abu mai hatsarin gaske kuma mai canzawa. Hydrogen cyanide yana da guba sosai idan an shaka kuma yana iya yaduwa cikin sauri cikin iska, yana jefa rayuwar mutanen da ke kusa da shi cikin hatsari. Ko da yake mahukuntan kasar Sin sun dauki matakai cikin gaggawa don tafiyar da lamarin, kamar yin maganin malalar da sinadarin hydrogen peroxide don rage samuwar sinadarai masu hadari, har yanzu lamarin ya nuna irin gagarumin hadarin da ke tattare da adanawa da sarrafa sinadarin sodium cyanide. Sanin jama'a game da haɗarin haɗarin sodium cyanide ya ƙaru sosai, kuma hakan ya haifar da ƙarin binciken ƙa'idodin aminci da ayyuka a cikin masana'antar da ke magance wannan sinadari.

A ƙarshe, sodium cyanide's high yawan guba, yin amfani da yawa a manyan masana'antu kamar hakar gwal da kera sinadarai, da shigarsa cikin manyan abubuwan da suka faru duk suna ba da gudummawa ga matsayinsa a matsayin sinadari mai sa ido. Bukatar daidaita kayan aikin masana'anta tare da tsauraran matakan tsaro don kare lafiyar ɗan adam da muhalli ya kasance babban ƙalubale.