Me yasa aka zaɓi sodium cyanide maimakon potassium cyanide a cikin sarrafa ma'adinai?

1. Farashi - Factor Primary

Daya daga cikin mahimman dalilai na zabar Sodium cyanide (NaCN). Potassium cyanide (KCN) farashin. Sodium ya fi yawa a cikin ɓawon ƙasa idan aka kwatanta da potassium. Samar da sodium Cyanide ya ƙunshi ƙananan kayan albarkatun ƙasa masu ƙarancin tsada da hanyoyin masana'antu masu sauƙi.

Mahalli na Potassium gabaɗaya yana buƙatar ƙarin hadaddun hakar da matakan tsarkakewa. Don babba - sikelin sarrafa ma'adinai ayyuka, wanda ke cinye ɗimbin yawa na cyanide, bambancin farashi tsakanin sodium cyanide kuma potassium cyanide zai iya fassara zuwa gagarumin tanadi. Misali, idan ma'adinan zinare ke sarrafa dubban ton na tama a kullum, yin amfani da sodium cyanide maimakon potassium cyanide na iya ceton miliyoyin daloli a duk shekara a farashin reagent.

2. Solubility da Reactivity

solubility

Sodium cyanide yana da kyakkyawan narkewa a cikin ruwa. A cikin mahallin sarrafa ma'adinai, wani fili na cyanide mai narkewa yana da mahimmanci yayin da yake ba da damar ingantaccen hadaddun cyanide - hadaddun ƙarfe da ake buƙata don narkar da karafa masu daraja. A daidaitattun yanayi, sodium cyanide yana narkewa cikin ruwa, yana tabbatar da cewa ions na cyanide (CN⁻) suna samuwa a cikin isasshen maida hankali don amsawa da zinariya ko azurfa a cikin ma'adinai.

Potassium cyanide kuma yana narkewa a cikin ruwa, amma solubility na sodium cyanide ya fi dacewa ga yawancin aikace-aikacen sarrafa ma'adinai. Babu wani fa'ida mai mahimmanci a cikin amfani da potassium cyanide dangane da solubility, kuma ƙarin farashin da ke tattare da shi bai ba da hujjar amfani da shi ba lokacin da sodium cyanide zai iya cimma daidai wannan matakin tasiri wajen samar da mafita na ruwa da ake buƙata.

Sake amsawa

A cikin aikin narkar da zinari da azurfa a gaban iskar oxygen, duka sodium cyanide da potassium cyanide suna bin irin wannan tsarin sinadarai. Cyanide ions suna amsawa tare da ƙarfe a cikin tsarin lantarki, suna samar da ƙarfe mai narkewa - rukunin cyanide. Duk da haka, reactivity na sodium cyanide yana da kyau - nazarin kuma an inganta shi a cikin saitunan masana'antu.

A dauki kudi na sodium cyanide tare da zinariya da azurfa a karkashin hankula ma'adinai aiki yanayi (pH a kusa da 9 - 11. gaban narkar da oxygen) da aka baje bincike, da kuma tsarin sigogi sun kasance lafiya - saurare shekaru da yawa. Wannan sanannen yana ba da damar ƙarin madaidaicin sarrafa tsarin leaching, yana tabbatar da yawan haɓakar ƙarafa masu daraja. Canjawa zuwa potassium cyanide zai buƙaci sake kimantawa da yuwuwar sake inganta waɗannan yanayin tsari, wanda ke da tsada kuma mai ɗaukar lokaci.

3. Tabbatarwa

Sodium cyanide yana nuna kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai a ƙarƙashin yanayin da aka saba fuskanta a ayyukan sarrafa ma'adinai. Ba ya lalacewa cikin sauƙi a gaban iska, damshi, ko ƙazanta gama gari da ake samu a cikin ma'adinai. Wannan kwanciyar hankali yana da mahimmanci yayin da yake tabbatar da cewa maganin cyanide yana kula da tasiri akan lokaci.

Potassium cyanide, a daya bangaren, na iya zama dan karin amsawa a wasu wurare kuma zai iya yuwuwa rubewa cikin sauri a wasu yanayi. Alal misali, a gaban wasu ƙazantattun acidic a cikin ma'adinai ko a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi, potassium cyanide zai iya zama mai sauƙi ga hydrolysis ko wasu halayen lalata, wanda zai rage yawan adadin ion cyanide da ke samuwa kuma don haka ingancin aikin hakar karfe mai daraja.

4. Kulawa da Tunanin Tsaro

Dukansu sodium cyanide da potassium cyanide abubuwa ne masu guba sosai. Duk da haka, saboda yawan amfani da sodium cyanide a cikin masana'antu, akwai ingantattun ka'idojin aminci da hanyoyin kulawa. Ana horar da ma'aikata a masana'antar sarrafa ma'adinai don kula da sodium cyanide lafiya, kuma kayan aikin da ake amfani da su don ajiya, sufuri, da aikace-aikacen sodium cyanide an tsara su tare da aminci.

Masana'antu sun haɓaka cikakkun matakan tsaro don sodium cyanide, kamar tsarin samun iska mai kyau a cikin wuraren sarrafawa, buƙatun kayan aikin kariya na sirri, da tsare-tsaren ba da agajin gaggawa idan akwai zubewa ko zubewa. Canzawa zuwa potassium cyanide na buƙatar sake horar da ma'aikata da yuwuwar gyaggyara kayan aikin aminci a cikin shuka, wanda ke ƙara ƙaƙƙarfan ƙima da tsadar da ba dole ba.

A ƙarshe, zaɓin sodium cyanide akan potassium cyanide a cikin sarrafa ma'adinai shine yanke shawara mai ma'ana dangane da tattalin arziki, sinadarai, da abubuwan tsaro. Ƙananan farashi, dacewa mai sauƙi da sake kunnawa, kwanciyar hankali mai kyau, da kafaffen hanyoyin aminci da ke hade da sodium cyanide sun sa ya zama zaɓin da aka fi so don fitar da karafa masu daraja daga ma'adinai.