Noiʻi e pili ana i ka Mechanism Inhibition o Sodium Cyanide ma Lead-Zinc Separation Flotation

1. Introduction

Ma ke kahua o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka mineral, ʻo ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā minerala kepau a me ka zinc he mea nui. ʻO ka froth flotation kahi hana maʻamau no kēia kaʻawale ʻana, a he mea nui ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā depressants kūpono no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hoʻokaʻawale kūpono. Sodium cyanide ua lōʻihi i hoʻohana nui ʻia ma ke ʻano he depressant ma ke alakaʻi-zinc separation flotation. He mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kāna ʻano hana inhibition no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kaʻina hana flotation, hoʻonui i ka pono o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hoʻohana reagent. Ke manaʻo nei kēia ʻatikala e hana i kahi noiʻi ʻōnaehana e pili ana i ka hana inhibition o ʻO Sodium cyanide i ke alakai-zinc separation flotation.

2. Ke kuleana o nā Depressants i ka Flotation

I ke kaʻina hana flotation foam, nā depressants nā reagents e hiki ke pale a hōʻemi paha i ka adsorption a i ʻole ka hana a nā mea hōʻiliʻili ma ka ʻili o nā minerala ʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hana i kahi kiʻi hydrophilic ma luna o kēia mau mineral. I ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ke alakaʻi-zinc, ʻo ka pahuhopu nui ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mineral kepau (e like me ka galena) mai nā mineral zinc (e like me ka sphalerite). Me ka loaʻa ʻole o nā mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa maikaʻi, paʻakikī ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe no ka mea hiki i nā minerala kepau a me ka zinc ke hōʻike i nā ʻano flotation like i mua o nā ʻohi.

3. Hydrolysis o Sodium Cyanide a me kona pilina me ka pH

ʻO ka sodium cyanide hydrolyzes i ka wai, a pili nā huahana hydrolysis i ka waiwai pH o ka pulp. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina hoʻokolohua inā ʻo ka pulp pH he 7.0. aneane pau loa na ʻO ka sodium Cyanide hydrolyzes e hana i ke kinoea hydrogen cyanide. Aia ka pH o ka pulp he 12.0. ka sodium cyanide ʻaneʻane hoʻokaʻawale loa i loko o nā iona cyanide. Aia ka pH o ka pulp he 9.3. ʻO ka ratio o ka hydrogen cyanide i nā iona cyanide he 1:1. ʻO kēia ʻano hana hydrolysis e pili ana i ka pH o ka sodium cyanide ka hopena nui i kona hopena pale i nā minerala.

4. Nā Mechanism Kāohi o Sodium Cyanide ma Sphalerite

4.1 Hoʻoheheʻe ʻia o ke Kiʻiʻoniʻoni Copper Sulfide i hoʻōla ʻia ma ka ʻili Sphalerite

Ke ho'ā 'ia ka sphalerite e ke keleawe sulfate, hana 'ia kahi ki'i keleawe sulfide ma luna o kona ili, e ho'onui ana i ka floatability o sphalerite. Hiki i ka sodium cyanide ke hoʻopau i kēia kiʻi keleawe sulfide ma ka ʻili sphalerite. Ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni keleawe sulfide, ʻike ʻia ka ʻili sphalerite kumu me ka hiki ʻole o ka floatability. No laila, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka mea hōʻiliʻili e hoʻopili i ka ʻili sphalerite, me ka pale ʻana i ka floatability o sphalerite.

4.2 Hoʻokumu ʻana i ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni hydrophilic ma ka ʻili Sphalerite

Hiki i nā iona cyanide i ka sodium cyanide ke hoʻololi-adsorb me nā anion e like me nā ion sulfate a me nā mea mai nā ʻohi e like me nā xanthates ma ka ʻili sphalerite. No ka laʻana, i ka hana ʻana me nā ion zinc ma ka ʻili sphalerite, hiki iā ia ke hana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni hydrophilic zinc cyanide. Hoʻopili kēia kiʻi hydrophilic i ka pilina ma waena o ka ʻili sphalerite a me ka mea hōʻiliʻili, e hōʻemi ana i ka adsorption o ka mea hōʻiliʻili ma ka ʻili sphalerite, pēlā e hoʻokō ai i ka pahuhopu o ke kāohi ʻana i ka flotation o sphalerite.

4.3 Hoʻoheheʻe - Paʻakikī o nā Xanthates Metal

He mana ikaika ko Sodium cyanide e hoʻoheheʻe a paʻakikī me nā xanthates metala, ka mea i hoʻohana mau ʻia i nā mea hōʻiliʻili i ka flotation mineral sulfide. No nā minela pili i ka zinc, hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia nā paʻakikī xanthate-zinc i hana ʻia ma ka ʻili sphalerite e ka sodium cyanide. ʻO ka paʻakikī o ka sodium cyanide me nā iona metala i nā xanthates e hoʻonāwaliwali i ka paʻa ma waena o ka ʻohi a me ka ʻili mineral, e hoʻoneʻe ai nā xanthates mai ka ʻili sphalerite. ʻO ka hopena, ua kāohi ʻia ka floatability o sphalerite.

5. Ke koho ʻana o ka Sodium Cyanide i nā Mineralo like ʻole

Ma muli o ka hiki o ka sodium cyanide e hana i nā paʻa cyanide paʻa me nā metala like ʻole, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā metala maʻamau a me kā lākou mau mineral i ʻekolu pūʻulu:

1. ʻO nā minerala o ke kēpau, thallium, bismuth, antimony, arsenic, tin, rhodium: ʻAʻole hiki i kēia mau minela ke hoʻokumu i nā paʻakikī cyanide paʻa me ka sodium cyanide. No laila, ʻaʻohe hopena pale o ka sodium cyanide i kēia mau mineral. I ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ke alakaʻi-zinc, hōʻoia kēia waiwai ʻaʻole i kāohi ʻia nā mineral lead e ka sodium cyanide a hiki ke lana maikaʻi.

2. ʻO nā minerala o ka platinum, KEKAHI, kala, cadmium, keleawe: Hiki i kēia mau minela ke hoʻokumu i nā paʻakikī cyanide paʻa me ka sodium cyanide, akā pono ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe o ka sodium cyanide no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka inhibition. I loko o ka pōʻaiapili o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ke alakaʻi-zinc, inā he mau mea haumia keleawe i loko o ka ʻōpala, pono paha ka nui o ka sodium cyanide e kāohi ai i nā minela pili keleawe a pale i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ke kēpau a me ka zinc.

3. Nā minelala o ka zinc, nickel, gula, hao: Hiki i kēia mau minela ke hoʻokumu i nā paʻakikī cyanide paʻa loa me ka sodium cyanide. ʻO ka sodium cyanide ka hopena paʻa loa i kēia mau minela, a hiki i kahi mea liʻiliʻi o ka sodium cyanide ke alakaʻi i ka pale nui. Ma ke alakaʻi-zinc separation flotation, hiki i kēia hiʻohiʻona ke kāohi pono i nā minerala hao hao (e like me ka pyrite) a me nā minerala zinc-bearing, he mea maikaʻi ia no ka flotation koho o nā minerala alakaʻi.

6. Hoʻohana pono a me nā noʻonoʻo

Ma nā hana hoʻokaʻawale hoʻokaʻawale alakaʻi-zinc maoli, pono ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka sodium cyanide i ka hoʻonui ʻana. Pono e hoʻoponopono ʻia ke ʻano o ka sodium cyanide e like me ke ʻano kikoʻī o ka oka, ka ʻike o ke alakaʻi a me nā mineral zinc, a me ke alo o nā mea haumia ʻē aʻe. Inā haʻahaʻa loa ke ʻano, ʻaʻole lawa paha ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā minerala zinc a me nā mineral gangue e pili ana, e hopena i nā kumu alakaʻi haʻahaʻa maʻemaʻe. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, inā kiʻekiʻe loa ka dosage, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻonui wale i ke kumukūʻai reagent akā hiki ke hoʻopilikia i nā pilikia kūlohelohe ma muli o ka ʻona o ka cyanide.

Eia kekahi, pono e mālama pono ʻia ka waiwai pH o ka pulp, e pili ana i ka hydrolysis o ka sodium cyanide. ʻO ka pae pH kūpono no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ke alakaʻi-zinc e hoʻohana ana i ka sodium cyanide ma kahi o 9 - 11. I loko o kēia pae pH, hiki ke noho ka sodium cyanide i kahi ʻano kūpono i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mineral zinc me ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka nalowale o nā minerala alakaʻi ma muli o ka over-inhibition.

7. Panina

He kuleana koʻikoʻi ka sodium cyanide i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ke alakaʻi-zinc ma o nā hana inhibition lehulehu. Ma ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni keleawe sulfide i hana ʻia ma ka ʻili sphalerite, e hana ana i kahi kiʻi hydrophilic ma ka ʻili sphalerite, a me ka dissolving-complexing metala xanthates, hiki ke pale i ka flotation o nā mineral zinc. ʻO kāna koho ʻana i nā minerala like ʻole ke kumu no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā minerala kepau a me ka zinc. Eia nō naʻe, i nā noi kūpono, pono e noʻonoʻo pono ʻia nā mea e like me ka hoʻoponopono dosage a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana o ka pulp pH no ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale alakaʻi-zinc maikaʻi, hoʻokele waiwai, a me ke kaiapuni. Hiki i nā noiʻi hou aʻe ma kēia wahi ke nānā aku i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea ʻē aʻe i ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a me ke kaiapuni i ka sodium cyanide me ka mālama ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā minerala lead-zinc.