Nā noi a me nā pilikia o ka sodium cyanide i ka ʻoihana uila

Ma ke kahua hana pololei o ka ʻOihana uila, ʻO ka sodium Cyanide (NaCN), he mea ʻawaʻawa loa, ke pāʻani nei i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi ma muli o kāna mau waiwai kemika kūʻokoʻa. Ma ke ʻano he lāʻau paʻakikī ikaika a me ka mea hōʻemi, ka sodium cyanide he hana koʻikoʻi i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana uila, ka hana semiconductor, ka hana pākaukau, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo kona ʻona kiʻekiʻe a me nā pōʻino o ke kaiapuni ke kau nei i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi i ka ʻoihana. E komo kēia ʻatikala i nā hiʻohiʻona noiʻi o ʻO Sodium cyanide i loko o ka ʻoihana uila a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā pilikia ʻenehana a me ke kaiapuni e kū nei.

I. Nā noi kumu o Sodium Cyanide i ka ʻoihana uila

1.Metal Surface Treatment a me Electroplating

ʻO ka sodium cyanide kekahi mea koʻikoʻi i ka hana kuʻuna Ke kohopiliʻana nā kaʻina hana, ʻoi loa i ka hana ʻana i nā papa kaapuni paʻi (PCB) a me nā mea hoʻohui, kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai no ka mālama ʻana i nā metala e like me ke keleawe, ke gula, a me ke kālā. Ma o ka hana paʻakikī o ka sodium cyanide, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka hoʻopaʻa like ʻana o nā ion metala, e hōʻoia ana i ka compactness a me ka conductivity uila o ka uhi. No ka laʻana, i ka micro-hole metallization kaʻina o kiʻekiʻe-hopena PCBs, sodium cyanide hiki ke hoʻomalu pono i ka deposition rate o ke keleawe, e pale aku pōkole-kaapuni a hamama-kaapuni hemahema.

2. Semiconductor Mea Hana Hana

I ka hana ʻana i ka semiconductor chip, hoʻohana ʻia ka sodium cyanide no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ke kālai ʻana o ka ʻili wafer. No ka laʻana, ma hope o ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻana i ka wafer silicon, hiki i ka solution sodium cyanide ke wehe i nā koena metala a pale i nā kaapuni pōkole. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kāna waiwai hoʻemi ikaika no ka mālama ʻana i kekahi mau semiconductors pūhui (e like me GaAs), e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana ʻana o ka hāmeʻa.

3.Battery and Energy Storage Technology

I ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea electrode maikaʻi no nā pā lithium-ion a me nā ʻāpana nickel-metal hydride, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka sodium cyanide ma ke ʻano he mea paʻakikī e kōkua i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka morphology a me ka nui o nā mea hao mua, a laila e hoʻonui ai i ka hiki a me ke ola pōʻai. No ka laʻana, i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā mea electrode maikaʻi ternary (e like me NCM), hiki i ka hopena corecipitation e pili ana i ka sodium cyanide ke hoʻonui i ka hāʻawi ʻana.

4. Hana hou i ka ʻōpala uila

I ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻōpala uila, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka sodium cyanide e hoʻokahe maikaʻi i nā metala makamae e like me ke gula a me ke kālā mai nā papa kaapuni 废旧. Hiki i kona mana paʻakikī ke hoʻoheheʻe i nā metala makamae ma ke ʻano o ka cyanide complexes, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana.

II. ʻO nā pilikia ʻenehana a me ke kaiapuni i alo ʻia e ka sodium cyanide

1.High Toxicity Risk and Safety Control

He mea ʻawaʻawa loa ka sodium cyanide (ʻo 50 mg/kg wale nō ka nui o ka make ma waena o ka maʻi make), a ʻo ka hoʻopili ʻana me kona lepo a i ʻole ka hopena ma o ka ʻili, inhalation, a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻia ʻana hiki ke make. Pono e hoʻolako ʻia nā hale hana uila me nā lako pale koʻikoʻi, nā ʻōnaehana mālama wai ʻino, a me nā ʻōnaehana pane pilikia, e hopena i ka piʻi nui o nā kumukūʻai hana. Eia kekahi, nui nā wahi a puni ka honua (e like me ka European Union a me Kina) e hoʻokō i kahi ʻōnaehana laikini no ka hoʻohana ʻana i cyanides, kaohi ʻana i ka laulā noi.

2. Hoʻohaumia Kaiapuni a me nā pōʻino ʻino

Inā hoʻokuʻu pololei ʻia ka wai ʻino i loko o ka cyanide me ka ʻole o ka mālama pono ʻana, e hana ʻia ka hydrogen cyanide (HCN) ma o ka decomposition i loko o nā kino wai maoli, e hoʻoweliweli ana i nā meaola wai a me ke olakino kanaka. Pono nā ʻano lapaʻau kuʻuna (e like me ke ʻano alkaline chlorination) i ka nui o nā oxidants a hiki ke hana i ka pollution lua (e like me ka chlorine-loaʻa nā huahana). No laila, pono nā ʻoihana uila e hoʻolilo i ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe i ke kūkulu ʻana i nā keʻena hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai holomua.

3. ʻO nā Bottlenecks ʻenehana o nā mea pani

ʻOiai ua holomua nā ʻenehana electroplating cyanide-free (e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hana paʻakikī e like me EDTA a me citrates), ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻololi piha i ka sodium cyanide ma ke ʻano o ka maikaʻi o ka uhi ʻana (e like me ke kūlike a me ka hoʻopili) a me ka paʻa o ka hana. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka cyanide-free gula plating ʻenehana i nā mea hoʻohui uila i loaʻa ka pilikia o ke kūpaʻa pili kiʻekiʻe, e kaupalena ana i kāna hoʻolaha.

4. Hoʻoponopono a me ka Social Pressure

Me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka ʻike honua i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni, ka nānā ʻana o Cyanides e nā ʻāina a puni ka honua e lilo a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī. No ka laʻana, ʻo ka hoʻoponopono REACH o EU ka papa inoa o ka sodium cyanide ma ke ʻano he mea hopohopo nui loa (SVHC), e koi ana i nā ʻoihana e hāʻawi i nā hopena ʻē aʻe. ʻO ke koi o nā mea kūʻai aku no nā "huahana uila ʻōmaʻomaʻo" e koi pū i nā mea hana e hoʻololi i nā kaʻina hana palekana.

III. Nā Kūlana Pane ʻOihana a me nā ʻano o ka wā e hiki mai ana

1. Hoʻololi ʻenehana: Hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kaʻina hana ʻōmaʻomaʻo

• ʻO ka ʻenehana uila uila ʻole Cyanide: Ke ʻimi nei nā mea noiʻi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea hoʻopili paʻakikī bio-based (e like me ka chitosan) a i ʻole nā ​​wai ionic e pani ai i nā cyanides, e hōʻemi ana i ka ʻona.

• Nā Hana Māloʻo: Hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana maloʻo e like me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka mahu kino (PVD) a i ʻole ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka mahu (CVD) e hōʻemi i ka hilinaʻi ʻana i nā reagents kemika wai.

• Hanana akamai: Ke hoʻonui nei i nā ʻāpana electroplating ma o AI algorithms e hōʻemi i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka sodium cyanide me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka huahana.

2.Circular Economy and Resource Recycling

Ke hoʻolauna mālie nei nā ʻoihana uila i kahi kumu hoʻokele hoʻokele pani pani. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻenehana e like me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o ka membrane a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ion e hana hou i nā cyanides a me nā ion metala i ka wai ʻino, e loaʻa ai ka hoʻohana hou ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai. No ka laʻana, ua loaʻa i kahi mea hana PCB alakaʻi i ka sodium cyanide recycling rate ma luna o 90%, e hōʻemi nui ana i ka ʻai a me ka pollution.

3. Kulekele a me ka Hui Hana Hana

Hiki i ke aupuni ke paipai i nā ʻoihana e hoʻokō i nā kaʻina hana ʻōmaʻomaʻo ma o nā ʻauhau ʻauhau, nā kōkua R&D, a me nā kulekele ʻē aʻe, a ma ka manawa like e paipai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā kūlana ʻoihana (e like me ka "Administrative Measures for the Control of Pollution Caused by Electronic Information Products"). Eia kekahi, pono e hoʻoikaika i ka launa pū ʻana o nā ʻoihana i ka upstream a me lalo o ke kaulahao ʻoihana (e like me nā mea hoʻolako waiwai a me nā mea hana mea hana).

Panina

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka sodium cyanide i ka ʻoihana uila e hōʻike ana i ka kūʻē ʻana ma waena o nā mea kemika e hāpai ana i ka holomua ʻenehana a me ka pale ʻana i ke kaiapuni. ʻOiai paʻakikī ke hoʻololi piha ʻia i ka wā pōkole, me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka kemika ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me ka hana akamai, ke hoʻolalelale nei ka ʻoihana uila i kona hoʻololi ʻana i kahi ala palekana a ʻoi aku ka paʻa. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻo ka hana ʻenehana, alakaʻi kulekele, a me ka hui ʻana o nā ʻoihana ke kī i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kēia pilikia, e kōkua ana i ka ʻoihana uila e hoʻokō i ka pahuhopu lanakila-lanakila o ka "high efficiency" a me ka "greenness".