Optimizing Efficiency ntawm Sodium Cyanide hauv Vat Leaching

Introduction

Kev rho tawm cov hlau hauv lub qhov dej yog ib qho txheej txheem tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam tsuas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau kev rho tawm cov hlau muaj nqis xws li kub los ntawm cov hlau tsis zoo. Sodium cyanide ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem no vim nws tsim cov khoom sib xyaw nrog kub, ua rau nws yaj thiab rov qab tau tom qab. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ua tau zoo ntawm sodium cyanide hauv kev rho tawm cov hlau hauv lub qhov dej tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam. Kev ua kom zoo dua cov yam no tsis yog tsuas yog txhim kho tus nqi rov qab tau hlau xwb tab sis kuj txo cov nqi thiab txo cov kev cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig uas cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov tshuaj lom no.

Lub luag haujlwm ntawm Sodium Cyanide hauv Vat Leaching

Thaum siv cov tshuaj ntxuav vat, Sodium Cyanide sib xyaw nrog kub thaum muaj oxygen thiab dej. Cov cyanide ions hauv Sodium cyanide sib xyaw nrog cov kub atoms, hloov cov kub mus ua cov tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke uas yaj tau. Cov kub uas yaj tau no ces tuaj yeem sib cais los ntawm cov ore matrix thiab ua tiav ntxiv kom tau kub ntshiab.

Cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm Sodium Cyanide hauv Vat Leaching

Ore yam ntxwv

1. Qhov Loj ntawm Cov Khoom Me Me : Qhov loj ntawm cov khoom me me ntawm cov hlau muaj feem cuam tshuam rau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm kev ntxuav. Cov khoom me me muab thaj chaw loj dua rau kev sib xyaw ntawm sodium cyanide thiab cov khoom muaj kub. Piv txwv li, yog tias cov hlau tsis raug tsoo kom zoo txaus, cov kua cyanide yuav tsis nkag mus tau zoo, ua rau muaj ntau cov kub tsis muaj kev sib xyaw. Kev tshawb fawb tau qhia tias kev txo qhov loj ntawm cov khoom me me ntawm cov hlau muaj kub los ntawm qhov loj me mus rau qhov me dua tuaj yeem ua rau kub yaj sai dua. Cov khoom me me ua rau muaj kev yaj sai dua thiab tiav dua piv rau cov khoom loj dua.

2. Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Mineralogy : Qhov muaj qee yam minerals tuaj yeem ua rau kom cov txheej txheem leaching zoo dua lossis tiv thaiv tau. Cov minerals xws li pyrite thiab arsenopyrite tuaj yeem siv oxygen thiab cyanide, txo qhov muaj cov reagents no rau cov tshuaj kub - cyanide. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qee cov minerals gangue yuav muaj cov nyhuv catalytic, txhawb kev yaj ntawm kub. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kub hauv cov ore, txawm tias nws yog dawb - milling (yooj yim tso tawm) lossis encapsulated hauv lwm cov minerals, cuam tshuam rau kev nkag mus ntawm kub rau cov kua cyanide. Piv txwv li, kub uas tau muab tso rau hauv cov minerals sulfide yuav xav tau kev kho ua ntej, xws li roasting lossis bio - oxidation, kom pom cov kub thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm leaching.

Txheej txheem txheej txheem

1. Kev Ntsuas Cyanide : Kev tswj kom muaj kev ntsuas cyanide kom tsim nyog yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Kev ntsuas qis dhau yuav tsis muab cov cyanide ions txaus los cuam tshuam nrog txhua yam kub uas muaj, ua rau kev lim tsis tiav. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev ntsuas siab dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov khoom tsis xav tau, xws li cov hlau - cyanide sib xyaw nrog lwm cov hlau tsis muaj nqis hauv cov hlau, thiab tseem ua rau tus nqi thiab kev pheej hmoo ib puag ncig nce ntxiv. Kev ntsuas cyanide zoo tshaj plaws feem ntau sib txawv nyob ntawm hom hlau thiab qhov muaj cov zaub mov cuam tshuam. Feem ntau, rau cov hlau kub ib txwm muaj, ntau yam kev ntsuas cyanide sib txawv siv rau ntau theem ntawm kev lim kom sib npaug kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab tus nqi.

2. Kev Tswj pH : Lub pH ntawm cov tshuaj leaching muaj feem cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev ruaj khov ntawm cyanide thiab cov tshuaj leaching. Cyanide tsis ruaj khov nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej acidic thiab tuaj yeem lwj mus rau hauv cov pa roj hydrogen cyanide lom heev. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov no, lub pH ntawm cov tshuaj leaching feem ntau yog tswj hwm hauv qhov ntau ntawm 10 - 11 siv cov txiv qaub ntsuab lossis lwm yam alkaline reagents. Ntawm qhov pH no, cyanide tseem nyob hauv nws daim ntawv ionic, pab txhawb kev tsim cov kub - cyanide complex. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov chaw alkaline kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab yaj qee cov zaub mov uas yuav cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem leaching.

3. Kub : Qhov nrawm ntawm cov tshuaj cyanidation yog nyob ntawm qhov kub. Qhov kub siab dua feem ntau ua rau qhov nrawm ntawm cov tshuaj, tab sis hauv kev xyaum, kev tswj qhov kub siab heev tuaj yeem kim heev thiab kuj tseem yuav ua rau cyanide decomposition ntau ntxiv. Hauv huab cua txias, qhov kub leaching tuaj yeem yog qhov txwv. Hauv qab 10 ° C, qhov nrawm ntawm cov kub yaj poob qis heev. Qee lub qhov tsua hauv Canada tau siv cov cua sov pov tseg los ua kom sov cov tshuaj leaching, uas tsis yog tsuas yog pab rhuav tshem qhov txwv kub xwb tab sis kuj tseem ua rau lub caij leaching ntev dua.

4. Muaj Pa oxygen : Pa oxygen yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem cyanidation vim nws oxidizes kub los ua cov kub soluble - cyanide complex. Kev muab pa oxygen txaus tuaj yeem ua rau kom leaching rate nce ntxiv. Kev teeb tsa cov khoom siv uas pab txhawb kev nkag mus ntawm oxygen, xws li cov tshuab txhaj tshuaj cua, thaum lub sijhawm tsim lub thawv tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov permeability ntawm cov ore - cyanide kua sib tov thiab ua kom ceev leaching. Kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Hazen Institute hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau qhia tias kev nce cov pa oxygen hauv cov pawg ore (uas tuaj yeem siv rau lub tswv yim rau kev leaching lub thawv) tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau lub voj voog leaching luv dua tab sis kuj ua rau kom ceev leaching kub nce ntxiv.

Lub Sijhawm Leaching

Lub sijhawm leaching yog lwm yam tseem ceeb. Yuav tsum muaj sijhawm txaus rau cyanide los cuam tshuam nrog txhua yam kub muaj. Txawm li cas los xij, lub sijhawm leaching ntev dhau tuaj yeem tsis zoo thiab kuj tseem yuav ua rau muaj ntau yam khoom seem. Lub sijhawm leaching zoo tshaj plaws nyob ntawm cov yam xws li qhov loj me ntawm cov hlau, cyanide concentration, thiab kub. Piv txwv li, qee zaum qhov twg cov hlau zoo - grained thiab cov txheej txheem tau zoo - optimized, lub sijhawm leaching tuaj yeem txo qis piv rau cov hlau coarser - grained lossis sub - zoo tshaj plaws tej yam kev mob.

Optimization Strategies

Ore Pretreatment

1. Kev Sib Tsoo thiab Kev Sib Tsoo : Yuav kom paub tseeb tias cov khoom me me muaj qhov loj me, cov hlau yuav tsum tau sib tsoo thiab sib tsoo kom zoo. Kev siv cov khoom siv sib tsoo thiab sib tsoo siab heev tuaj yeem pab ua kom muaj qhov sib faib loj me ntawm cov khoom me me sib npaug, ua rau thaj chaw muaj rau kev sib xyaw cyanide - kub ntau ntxiv.

2. Kev Kho Mob Ua Ntej Rau Cov Pob Zeb Uas Siv Tau Hluav Taws Xob : Rau cov pob zeb uas siv hluav taws xob uas muaj kub nyob hauv sulfide lossis lwm yam minerals, cov txheej txheem kho mob ua ntej xws li kev ci, bio-oxidation, lossis kev oxidation siab tuaj yeem siv tau. Kev ci tuaj yeem rhuav tshem cov pob zeb sulfide, tso cov kub uas raug kaw thiab ua rau nws nkag mus rau cov kua cyanide tau yooj yim dua. Bio-oxidation siv cov kab mob me me los oxidize cov pob zeb sulfide, uas yog lwm txoj hauv kev zoo dua rau ib puag ncig piv rau kev ci hauv qee kis.

Txoj Kev Tswj

1. Kev Saib Xyuas thiab Kho Qhov Muaj Cyanide Ntau : Saib xyuas qhov muaj cyanide ntau hauv cov tshuaj leaching tas li siv cov txheej txheem analytical xws li titration lossis ion - selective electrodes. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev saib xyuas, kho qhov nrawm ntxiv cyanide kom tswj tau qhov muaj cyanide ntau tshaj plaws thoob plaws hauv cov txheej txheem leaching.

2. Kev Saib Xyuas thiab Kho pH : Ntsuas pH ntawm cov tshuaj leaching tas li siv cov ntsuas pH thiab ntxiv cov txiv qaub lossis lwm yam tshuaj alkaline raws li qhov xav tau kom tswj tau pH hauv qhov ntau ntawm 10 - 11.

3. Kev Tswj Kub : Yog tias qhov kub yog qhov txwv, xav txog kev siv cov tshuab cua sov lossis cua txias kom tswj tau qhov kub kom haum rau cov tshuaj leaching. Qhov no tuaj yeem tseem ceeb heev rau cov cheeb tsam uas muaj huab cua hnyav.

4. Kev Txhim Kho Kev Muab Pa oxygen : Xyuas kom muaj kev muab pa oxygen txaus thiab sib xws rau lub kaw lus leaching. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev siv cov tshuab txhaj cua zoo lossis los ntawm kev ntxiv cov tshuaj uas tso pa oxygen xws li hydrogen peroxide rau hauv cov kua leaching. Txawm li cas los xij, yuav tsum ceev faj thaum siv hydrogen peroxide vim nws kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cyanide tsis zoo yog tias tsis tswj hwm kom zoo.

Leaching Aid Ntxiv

Leaching aids tuaj yeem muab ntxiv rau cyanide leaching slurry los txhim kho kev ua haujlwm. Cov leaching aids muaj xws li oxidizing agents, txhim kho leaching agents, thiab wetting agents. Piv txwv li, ntxiv cov pa oxygen - muaj oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev rau cov txheej txheem cyanide leaching tuaj yeem ua kom cov pa oxygen zoo hauv cov slurry, txhim kho cov leaching efficiency. Cov tshuaj ntub dej tuaj yeem pab cov tshuaj cyanide zoo dua nkag mus rau cov khoom siv ore, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm hydrophobic ores.

xaus

Kev ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm sodium cyanide hauv vat leaching yog ib txoj haujlwm nyuaj tab sis tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam mining. Los ntawm kev ua tib zoo txiav txim siab thiab tswj cov yam ntxwv xws li cov yam ntxwv ore, cov txheej txheem txheej txheem, thiab lub sijhawm leaching, thiab los ntawm kev siv cov tswv yim tsim nyog, nws muaj peev xwm ua kom zoo dua qub ntawm cov hlau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, txo cov kev siv tshuaj lom neeg, thiab txo qis ib puag ncig kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog kev siv sodium cyanide. Kev tshawb fawb tsis tu ncua thiab kev tsim kho tshiab hauv cheeb tsam no yog qhov tseem ceeb los ua kom cov txheej txheem vat leaching zoo dua thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev.