Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Cyanidation thiab Carbon-in-Pulp (CIP) Cov Txheej Txheem rau Kub Extraction

Cyanidation rau kub extraction tau dav siv nyob rau hauv kub mines vim nws muaj zog adaptability rau ntau yam ores, on-site kub muaj peev xwm, thiab siab rov qab. Txawm li cas los xij, vim muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog kev txheeb xyuas ib puag ncig, cov mines yog kho cov dej phwj tuaj ua ntej lossis tom qab nws nkag mus rau hauv lub reservoir kom ua tiav xoom paug, los yog siv tsawg-cyanide los yog cov neeg sawv cev leaching uas tsis muaj cyanide los tiv thaiv ib puag ncig hauv cheeb tsam. Tsab xov xwm no qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cyanidation thiab carbon-hauv-pulp txheej txheem rau kev rho kub. Lub hom phiaj tsis yog tsuas yog nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rho kub tab sis kuj yog kom tshem tawm cov pa phem thiab txav mus rau kev tsim cov chaw ua av uas zoo rau ib puag ncig.

Cyanidation rau kub Extraction

Cov kev ua haujlwm muaj xws li cov ntsiab lus ntawm cyanide thiab oxygen, qhov kub thiab txias, qhov loj thiab cov duab ntawm cov khoom kub hauv cov ore, qhov concentration ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov slime, cov zaj duab xis saum npoo ntawm cov khoom kub, thiab lub sij hawm leaching.

Thaum cov concentration ntawm cyanide tsawg, solubility ntawm oxygen kuj siab, thiab tus nqi dissolution ntawm kub yog nyob ntawm qhov kev txiav txim. Cyanide Concentration. Thaum cov cyanide concentration siab, tus nqi tawg ntawm kub tsuas yog txiav txim siab los ntawm oxygen concentration. Feem ntau, cov cyanide concentration yog li ntawm 0.03% mus rau 0.05%. Ntxiv qee cov oxidants, leaching aids, lossis ncaj qha qhia cov pa oxygen ua rau cov nyhuv leaching.

Piv txwv li, cov nroj tsuag carbon-in-pulp hloov huab cua nrog oxygen - nplua nuj roj (nrog rau cov ntsiab lus oxygen ntau dua 90%) thiab txhaj rau hauv lub tank leaching. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, qhov leaching tus nqi nce 0.89 feem pua ​​​​cov ntsiab lus. Ib tug concentrator ntxiv 98% txhuas acetate ntawm tus nqi ntawm 0.1 kg ib ton ntawm ore rau thawj leaching tank. Yog li ntawd, cov qib kub ntawm cov tailings poob ntawm 0.218 g / t rau 0.209 g / t.

Lub dissolution tus nqi ntawm kub nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj cyanide nce nrog nce nyob rau hauv kub. Feem ntau, qhov ntsuas kub yog khaws cia ntawm 10 ° C thiab 20 ° C. Hauv qab 1.34 ° C, cov tshuaj crystallizes. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, sab qaum teb concentrators feem ntau siv blowtorches los ci cov kav dej txhaws. Tshaj 34.7 ° C, cov tshuaj hloov mus rau hauv lub xeev ua kua, thiab roj feem ntau khiav tawm. Txhawm rau kom ruaj khov thiab txo cov tshuaj tsis zoo, qhov tsim nyog ntawm alkali, hu ua kev tiv thaiv alkali, feem ntau yog ntxiv los txhawb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia ntawm tsis muaj zog hydrolysis.

Fine - grained kub muaj ib tug loj nthuav cheeb tsam tom qab sib tsoo thiab yog yooj yim yaj los ntawm cyanidation. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom kub nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm flakes, spheres me me, thiab cov uas muaj qhov pores sab hauv yog qhov yooj yim rau yaj. Thaum lub pulp concentration yog tsawg, lub viscosity yog me me, thiab diffusion tus nqi ntawm cyanide ions thiab oxygen nyob rau hauv kev daws rau saum npoo ntawm kub hais yog siab. Yog li ntawd, kub yaj sai sai, thiab tus nqi leaching yog siab. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tsis tshua muaj siab yuav ua rau muaj qhov ntim ntawm cov tawv nqaij, ua rau cov khoom siv loj dua thiab siv cov reagent ntau dua. Qhov tsim nyog pulp concentration yog 40% - 50%. Thaum cov ore muaj ntau cov slime thiab muaj cov yam ntxwv nyuaj, cov concentration yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm 20% - 30%.

Cov impurities tsim ntau cov yeeb yaj kiab rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom kub, cuam tshuam cov leaching ntawm kub. Associated minerals reacts nrog oxygen, cyanide, thiab alkali, cuam tshuam cov leaching ntawm kub. Raws li lub sij hawm leaching nce, qhov leaching tus nqi nce mus rau ib qho kev txwv, tab sis tom qab ntawd tus nqi txo. Qhov no yog vim hais tias lub ntim thiab particle loj ntawm kub txo, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cyanide, yaj oxygen, thiab kub complexes expands, thiab cov tsub zuj zuj ntawm impurities tsim ib zaj duab xis uas muaj teeb meem rau leaching. Lub "jamming" ntawm lub agitator nyob rau hauv lub leaching tank, tshwm sim los ntawm high concentration, tsis muaj fineness, tsis muaj cua ntim, thiab cov qauv clearance ntawm lub qis impeller thiab hauv qab ntawm lub tank, kuj muaj feem xyuam rau lub leaching ntawm kub. Tom qab lub tso tsheb hlau luam nyob rau hauv lub rhiav cyanidation jammed, cov neeg ua hauj lwm manually tig lub tshuab thiab siv high-siab phom dej, cua phom, thiab ntev steel tuav los unclog lub pipelines. Thaum kawg, nws tau pom tias qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm lub impeller qis thiab hauv qab ntawm lub tank yog plaub npaug ntawm tus nqi ib txwm muaj. Qhov teeb meem tau daws tom qab hloov kho.

Carbon-in-Pulp (CIP) txheej txheem rau kub Extraction

Cov yam ntxwv ua haujlwm suav nrog kev nqus ntawm Kev ua kom cov pa roj carbon, desorption thiab electrolysis, thiab rov tsim cov pa roj carbon.

Ua ntej siv cov pa roj carbon monoxide tshiab, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau "txog cov npoo thiab tshem tawm cov khib nyiab" los ntawm kev sib tsoo ua ntej. Thaum yuav cov pa roj carbon, ob qho tib si adsorption muaj peev xwm thiab lub zog yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau. Cov ntim ntim yuav tsum yog 0.50 kg / L - 0.55 kg / L, thiab qhov loj me yuav tsum tsis tu ncua thiab sib xws, feem ntau 6 - 12 mesh lossis 6 - 16 mesh. Cov ntsiab lus tshauv thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm undersize hais yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 3%. Hauv cov nroj tsuag carbon-in-pulp, cov ntsiab lus siab ntawm cov hmoov carbon tau coj mus rau qib kub ntawm tus Tsov tus tw ua kua ntau dua 16 npaug siab dua li qub, ua rau kub poob. Yog li ntawd, cov pa roj carbon yuav tsum tau hloov tag nrho.

Qhov ceev ntawm carbon nyob rau hauv lub tank adsorption nce nyob rau hauv ib tug gradient. Xav txog kev laus cov pa roj carbon monoxide, nquag rho tawm yog qhov zoo rau kev rov qab kub. Ib tsob nroj carbon-hauv-pulp hloov lub voj voog tshem tawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide los ntawm peb hnub mus rau txhua hnub, thiab cov khoom lag luam tau nce los ntawm peb lub hlis twg. Thaum lub tank overflows thiab carbon tag, kub yuav tsum tau poob. Qhov no feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm clogging ntawm cov pa roj carbon - tuav lub vijtsam. Cov khib nyiab yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ua ntej tom qab kev cais tawm thiab hydrocyclone. Kab rov tav cylindrical screen yog siv los ua cov pa roj carbon - tuav lub vijtsam. Qhov teeb meem tseem tuaj yeem daws tau los ntawm kev txo qis ntawm cov nqaij mos los yog qhov ntom ntom ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide hauv qab thiab ua kom cov pa ntim ntawm cov pa cua ntawm ib sab ntawm lub vijtsam.

Cov pa roj carbon monoxide los ntawm qhov kawg adsorption tank yog qhov tsis xav tau. Lub 40 - mesh kev nyab xeeb tshuaj ntsuam ntawm cov tailings mixing tank ua haujlwm tseem ceeb heev. Nws yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas thiab tswj xyuas ntau zaus kom ntseeg tau tias nws txoj kev ncaj ncees. Txhawm rau txo cov pa roj carbon monoxide, feem ntau siv kev kub ntxhov ceev.

Desorption thiab electrolysis yog nqa tawm nyob rau hauv ib tug daws ntawm 1% sodium hydroxide thiab Sodium cyanide nyob rau hauv lub siab ntawm 0.35 MPa - 0.39 MPa, ua tiav desorption ntawm 135 ° C - 160 ° C, uas yog siab tshaj qhov kub ntawm cov tshuaj. Cov qib kub ntawm lean carbon yog tsawg dua 50 g / t. Tam sim no, cyanide - dawb desorption thiab electrolysis tau dav siv.

Rau kev tsim cov pa roj carbon monoxide, feem ntau yog soaked hauv 3% - 5% dilute nitric acid los yog hydrochloric acid rau 0.5 - 1 teev. Cov neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum do nws intermittently. Tom qab tshem tawm ntawm lub tank, nws yog soaked nyob rau hauv dej kom tshem tawm cov acid leaching tov. Tom qab ntawd, nws yog soaked nyob rau hauv 1% sodium hydroxide kom neutralize cov kua qaub ntxiv. Thaum kawg, nws yog ntxuav nrog 2 - 3 zaug ntawm lub ntim ntawm cov pa roj carbon txaj.