Master kev siv cov flotation reagents: txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm cov ntxhia muaj pes tsawg leeg nrhiav kom pom

Hauv cov teb ntawm Mineral ua thiab geological tsom xam, kev siv kom raug Flotation reagents Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tseeb tias cov ntxhia muaj pes tsawg leeg. Flotation yog cov txheej txheem physicochemical dav siv rau kev sib cais ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av thiab kev ua kom zoo dua qub, tso siab rau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv physicochemical ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av. Los ntawm kev ntxiv cov tshuaj reagents, hydrophilicity lossis hydrophobicity ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av tuaj yeem hloov kho, ua kom muaj kev sib cais ntawm cov phiaj xwm minerals los ntawm gangue.

Tsab ntawv xov xwm no yuav qhia txog cov lus qhia ua haujlwm tau zoo los pab cov kws tshaj lij hauv chav kuaj thiab cov kws ua haujlwm mining ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem flotation, txhim kho qhov raug thiab rov ua dua ntawm cov txiaj ntsig kev xeem.

Ua ntej, cia peb pib nrog cov hom yooj yim ntawm flotation reagents -Neeg sau, Txiv neej, Thiab Hloov kho. Txhua reagent plays lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb hauv cov txheej txheem flotation. Cov neeg sau khoom txhim kho cov hydrophobicity ntawm cov zaub mov, txhawb nqa lawv cov kev sib txuas rau huab cua npuas; frothers pab stabilize lub npuas txheej, cia enriched minerals kom yooj yim cais los ntawm slurry; modifiers yog siv los kho pH los yog ionic zog ntawm slurry, tsim kom pom tej yam kev mob rau cov ntxhia flotation.

Nrog kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis tas li, hom thiab kev siv ntawm flotation reagents kuj nthuav dav. Kev xaiv kom raug thiab siv cov reagents no tsis tuaj yeem txhim kho Mineral rov qab cov nqi thiab qib tab sis kuj coj cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab kev tswj hwm tus nqi.

Yuav Siv Flotation Reagents kom raug li cas?

Hom Reagents

Cov hom reagents siv nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag flotation nyob ntawm seb yam xws li ore zog, txheej txheem ntws, thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom ntxhia xav tau. Feem ntau, lawv tau txiav txim siab los ntawm kev xeem ore selectivity los yog kev xeem ib nrab kev lag luam.

Reagents tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb hom tseem ceeb raws li lawv txoj haujlwm:

1. Txiv neej: Organic surfactants uas faib ntawm cov dej-cua interface. Lawv yog siv los tsim ib txheej froth uas tuaj yeem ntab cov zaub mov. Cov frothers feem ntau suav nrog cov roj ntoo thuv, cresylic acid, thiab cawv.

2. Cov neeg sau: Lawv txoj haujlwm yog txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhawm rau txhuam cov pob zeb nws nws nws yuav tsum tau tshem tawm cov pob zeb hauv av. Raws li lawv qhov xwm txheej, cov neeg sau tuaj yeem muab faib ua cov khoom tsis yog polar, cov khoom siv anionic, thiab cov cationic collectors. Cov khoom siv feem ntau suav nrog cov tshuaj dub, tshuaj daj, tshuaj dawb, fatty acids, fatty amines, thiab cov roj ntxhia.

3. Hloov kho: Modifiers suav nrog cov activators thiab inhibitors, uas hloov cov khoom ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av, cuam tshuam kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov ntxhia thiab cov khoom sau. Cov kev hloov kho kuj suav nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm siv los hloov cov tshuaj lom neeg lossis cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov dej nruab nrab, xws li pH adjusters thiab lub xeev ntawm cov khoom sau. Hom modifiers muaj xws li:

• PH Adjusters: Txiv qaub, sodium carbonate, sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide.

• Activators: tooj liab sulfate, sodium sulfide.

• Cov neeg ua haujlwm: Txiv qaub, ntshav daj ntsev, sodium sulfide, sulfur dioxide, sodium cyanide, zinc sulfate, potassium dichromate, dej iav, tannin, soluble colloids, starch, hluavtaws polymers, thiab lwm yam.

• Lwm tus: Cov tshuaj ntub dej, cov tshuaj flotation, solubilizers, thiab lwm yam.

Reagent Dosage

Qhov ntau npaum ntawm reagents thaum lub sij hawm flotation yuav tsum yog leej; Tsis txaus los yog ntau dhau tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov kev ntsuas kev ua ntxhia. Kev siv ntau dhau kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqi ua tiav.

Kev sib raug zoo ntawm Reagent Dosage thiab Flotation Indicators:

• Tsis txaus collector ntau npaum tuaj yeem ua rau tsis txaus hydrophobicity ntawm cov zaub mov, txo cov nqi rov qab. Conversely, ntau npaum li cas yuav txo tau qhov zoo ntawm cov concentrate thiab nyuaj sib cais flotation.

• Tsis txaus frother dosage tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo ua npuas dej ruaj khov, thaum cov nyiaj ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau "dhau mus" phenomena.

• Tsawg dhau ntawm cov tshuaj activator tuaj yeem ua rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, thaum ntau dhau tuaj yeem cuam tshuam qhov kev xaiv ntawm cov txheej txheem flotation.

• Kev noj tshuaj inhibitor tsis txaus tuaj yeem txo qis qib ntawm cov concentration, thaum cov nyiaj ntau dhau tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov zaub mov uas yuav tsum ntab, txo cov nqi rov qab.

Kev npaj tshuaj reagent

Cov khoom reagents yog diluted rau hauv cov kua kom yooj yim ntxiv. Dej-insoluble reagents xws li tshuaj daj, amine dub tshuaj, iav dej, sodium carbonate, tooj liab sulfate, thiab sodium sulfide yuav tsum tau npaj raws li aqueous daws nrog concentrations li ntawm 2% mus rau 10%. Cov dej-insoluble reagents yuav tsum tau yaj hauv cov kuab tshuaj ua ntej npaj ua cov tshuaj aqueous ntxiv, xws li qee cov amine collectors uas tuaj yeem raug ntxiv ncaj qha, xws li No. 2 oil, No. 31 black drug, and oleic acid. Rau cov kua dej ntau heev uas yuav tsum tau muaj qhov tseem ceeb, kev npaj cov ntsiab lus feem ntau yog li ntawm 10% txog 20%, xws li sodium sulfide, uas tau npaj ntawm 15% thaum siv. Rau cov tsis zoo soluble reagents, cov kuab tshuaj organic tuaj yeem siv los ua kom yaj lawv ua ntej npaj lawv ua cov kev daws teeb meem qis.

Qhov kev xaiv ntawm Kev npaj reagent Txoj kev feem ntau yog nyob ntawm cov khoom ntawm cov reagents, cov txheej txheem ntxiv, thiab lawv txoj haujlwm. Tib reagent tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntau npaum li cas thiab qhov cuam tshuam vim muaj ntau txoj kev npaj. Feem ntau, cov txheej txheem npaj muaj xws li:

1. Npaj 2% mus rau 10% aqueous tov: Feem ntau cov dej-soluble reagents tau npaj ua li no (piv txwv li, tshuaj daj, tooj liab sulfate, iav dej).

2. Dissolving nyob rau hauv ib tug hnyav: Qee cov dej-insoluble reagents tuaj yeem yaj hauv cov kuab tshuaj tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj dawb tsis yog dej-soluble tab sis tuaj yeem yaj hauv 10% mus rau 20% aniline tov, thiab yuav tsum tau siv tom qab npaj cov tshuaj sib xyaw aniline. Ib yam li ntawd, cov tshuaj aniline dub tsis yog dej-soluble tab sis tuaj yeem yaj hauv cov tshuaj sodium hydroxide alkaline, yog li cov tshuaj alkaline sodium hydroxide yuav tsum tau npaj ua ntej ua ntej ntxiv cov reagent los tsim cov tshuaj aniline dub rau flotation.

3. Npaj raws li kev ncua lossis emulsion: Rau qee cov khoom tsis zoo soluble reagents, lawv tuaj yeem npaj ua emulsions rau kev siv. Piv txwv li, txiv qaub muaj cov dej solubility tsawg heev, yog li nws tuaj yeem ua tau zoo hauv cov hmoov av thiab sib xyaw nrog dej los tsim kom muaj kev ncua (piv txwv li, txiv qaub mis), los yog nws tuaj yeem ncaj qha ntxiv rau hauv cov hmoov qhuav rau hauv lub pob zeb los yog nplawm lub tank.

4. Saponification: Rau fatty acid collectors, saponification yog feem ntau txoj kev. Piv txwv li, thaum xaiv hematite, saponified xab npum ntawm paraffin thiab tar roj yog siv los ua tus sau. Txhawm rau saponify tar roj, kwv yees li 10% sodium carbonate yuav tsum tau ntxiv thaum npaj cov reagent, thiab ua kom sov los tsim cov xab npum kub rau ntxiv.

5. Emulsification: Emulsification tuaj yeem ua tiav siv ultrasonic emulsification lossis txhua yam nplawm. Tom qab emulsification, fatty acids thiab diesel yuav txhim khu lawv dispersion nyob rau hauv lub slurry, txhim kho cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm cov reagents. Ntxiv qee cov tshuaj emulsifying tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov ua tau zoo.

6. Acidification: Thaum siv cov cationic collectors, vim lawv tsis zoo solubility, lawv yuav tsum tau pre-kho nrog hydrochloric acid los yog acetic acid ua ntej lawv yuav yaj nyob rau hauv dej rau flotation.

7. Aerosol txoj kev: Qhov no yog ib txoj kev npaj tshiab uas txhim kho qhov kev ua ntawm reagents. Nws koom nrog kev siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb txau rau aerosolize cov reagents hauv huab cua nruab nrab ua ntej ncaj qha ntxiv rau hauv flotation tank, li no kuj hu ua "aerosol flotation method." Txoj kev no tsis tsuas yog txhim kho lub floatability ntawm cov zaub mov muaj txiaj ntsig tab sis kuj txo qis kev siv reagent. Piv txwv li, qhov ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov neeg sau tuaj yeem tsuas yog ib feem peb mus rau ib feem plaub ntawm cov nyiaj ib txwm muaj, thaum cov tshuaj frother tuaj yeem tsuas yog ib feem tsib.

8. Electrochemical kev kho ntawm reagents: Direct tam sim no tau dhau los ntawm kev daws teeb meem tshuaj kho flotation reagents, uas tuaj yeem hloov pauv cov reagent lub xeev, pH tus nqi, thiab redox muaj peev xwm, yog li ua kom cov concentration ntawm feem ntau activating reagent Cheebtsam, tsa lub tseem ceeb concentration rau kev tsim colloids, thiab kev txhim kho cov dispersion ntawm tsis zoo soluble reagents nyob rau hauv dej.

Feem ntau, cov khoom sau thiab cov frothers yog nplawm rau 1-2 feeb, thaum qee cov tshuaj reagents, xws li potassium dichromate siv los tiv thaiv cov hlau lead hauv tooj liab sib cais, yuav xav tau ntev dua.

Reagent Ntxiv Qhov Chaw

Txhawm rau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm flotation reagents, kev xyaum dav dav yog ntxiv cov tshuaj kho, inhibitors, thiab qee cov khoom siv (xws li, kerosene) hauv pob zeb los tsim kom muaj qhov chaw flotation tsim nyog thaum ntxov li sai tau. Cov khoom sau thiab cov frothers feem ntau yog ntxiv rau hauv thawj stirring tank ntawm cov txheej txheem flotation. Yog hais tias muaj ob lub tso tsheb hlau luam stirring, tus activator yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau hauv thawj lub tank, thaum lub collector thiab frother yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau hauv lub tank thib ob. Cov ntsiab lus ntxiv sib txawv raws li lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov reagents hauv lub tshuab flotation. Piv txwv li, tooj liab sulfate, tshuaj daj, thiab ntoo thuv roj feem ntau yog ntxiv rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim hauv qab no: tooj liab sulfate yog ntxiv rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub tank thawj stirring, tshuaj daj nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub tank thib ob, thiab Pine roj ntawm qhov hluav taws xob ntawm lub thib ob stirring tank. Feem ntau, cov nroj tsuag flotation ua ntej ntxiv pH adjusters coj cov slurry mus rau qhov tsim nyog pH ua ntej tso cai rau lub collector thiab inhibitor ua hauj lwm zoo dua. Thaum ntxiv cov reagents, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog qhov teeb meem ntawm qee yam teeb meem ions ua rau reagent inefficiency. Piv txwv li, tooj liab ions reacting nrog hydride ions tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj zog ntawm hydrides. Hauv kev sib cais tooj liab-sulfur, yog tias muaj ntau cov tooj liab ions hauv lub tank stirring, cyanide yuav tsum tsis txhob muab ntxiv rau hauv lub tank stirring tab sis yuav tsum tau ncaj qha ntxiv thaum lub sij hawm sib cais flotation txheej txheem.

Reagent Ntxiv Order

Qhov kev txiav txim ntawm reagent ntxiv nyob rau hauv flotation nroj tsuag yog raws li nram no: rau lub flotation ntawm raw ore, nws yuav tsum yog pH adjusters, inhibitors los yog activators, frothers, thiab collectors; rau cov zaub mov uas tau raug inhibited thaum flotation, qhov kev txiav txim yog activators, collectors, thiab frothers.

Reagent Ntxiv Txoj Kev

Feem ntau muaj ob txoj hauv kev ntxiv cov reagents: centralized ntxiv thiab dispersed ntxiv. Kev xaiv ntawm cov txheej txheem ntxiv yuav tsum xav txog ob hom reagent thiab cov reagents qhov kev ua.

1. Centralized Ntxiv: Feem ntau cov reagents yog ntxiv rau hauv nruab nrab; Piv txwv li, collectors, activators, thiab inhibitors yog ntxiv rau cov tso tsheb hlau luam stirring.

2. Dispersed Ntxiv: Qee cov reagents tuaj yeem ntxiv ncaj qha rau hauv lub tank flotation, uas feem ntau siv rau cov reagents uas tsis hloov pauv lossis nkag siab rau lwm cov reagents. Piv txwv li, yog tias cov flotation reagents ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau ib leeg (xws li, qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo ntawm ntau tshaj sodium sulfide ntawm activated flotation), reagents tuaj yeem ncaj qha ntxiv rau hauv lub tshuab flotation.

xaus

Los ntawm kev xaiv kom raug, kev npaj, ntau npaum li cas, thiab ntxiv cov flotation reagents, kev ua cov pob zeb hauv av thiab geological tsom xam tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua qub, txhim kho qhov tseeb thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev sim thiab tshuaj xyuas. Cov lus qhia ua haujlwm no tsom mus pab cov kws tshaj lij hauv chav kuaj thiab cov kws ua haujlwm mining hauv kev siv cov flotation reagents zoo dua, ua rau kev ua haujlwm tau zoo dua qub thiab cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua.