Kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb tseem ceeb thaum ua haujlwm nrog Sodium Cyanide

Kev txiav txim siab tseem ceeb rau kev nyab xeeb tuav Sodium Cyanide

I. Pib Qhia

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Cyanide sodium, ib qho tshuaj lom neeg muaj zog heev, xav kom ua raws li cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb thaum ua haujlwm. Nrog nws lub peev xwm ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau lub neej, nkag siab txog cov txheej txheem raug rau kev tuav Sodium Cyanide yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tshawb txog ntau yam kev ceev faj thiab cov kauj ruam uas yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau tias kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom txaus ntshai no.

II. Nkag siab Sodium Cyanide

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sodium cyanide yog ib qho inorganic compound nrog cov tshuaj formula NaCN. Nws feem ntau tshwm li dawb crystalline granules los yog hmoov, uas yog nquag mus rau deliquescence. Nws muaj ib tug faint, iab almond tsw. Cov tshuaj no yog soluble nyob rau hauv dej, thiab nws cov kua aqueous muaj zog alkalinity. Sodium cyanide yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg, nrhiav kev siv dav hauv kev lag luam xws li kev siv tshuaj lom neeg yooj yim, electroplating, metallurgy, thiab organic synthesis ntawm kws tshuaj thiab tshuaj tua kab. Nws ua haujlwm raws li tus neeg sawv cev complexing thiab daim npog ntsej muag, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kev lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, vim nws qhov siab heev Toxicity, nws xav tau qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev ceev faj thiab kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb thaum tuav.

III. Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Nyab Xeeb Tseem Ceeb

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III.1 Cov Khoom Siv Tiv Thaiv Tus Kheej (PPE)

Thaum tuav sodium cyanide, kev xaiv kom raug thiab siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej kom raug yog qhov tseem ceeb. Ua ntej, yuav tsum xaiv lub npog ntsej muag zoo. Nws raug nquahu kom siv lub ntsej muag uas ua tau raws li cov qauv N95 lossis siab dua hauv cov tebchaws xws li Tebchaws Meskas, lossis FFP2 lossis siab dua hauv Tebchaws Europe. Cov npog ntsej muag no tuaj yeem lim tawm cov khoom zoo ntawm Sodium cyanide hmoov av, tiv thaiv inhalation. Thaum hnav lub npog ntsej muag, xyuas kom zoo nyob ib puag ncig ntawm lub qhov ntswg thiab qhov ncauj, tsis muaj qhov khoob kom tsis txhob muaj qhov xau.

Qhov thib ob, rau kev tiv thaiv tes, ntau hom hnab looj tes muaj nyob ntawm qhov xwm txheej. Thaum tuav cov khoom siv sodium cyanide, tuab, tshuaj tiv thaiv cov hnab looj tes ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo li nitrile roj hmab yog nyiam. Lawv muaj kev puas tsuaj zoo thiab tuaj yeem thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm cov tshuaj. Thaum soj ntsuam nrog cov tshuaj sodium cyanide, ntxiv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov hnab looj tes yuav tsum muaj cov dej tsis zoo. Nws raug nquahu kom xaiv cov hnab looj tes uas tsim tshwj xeeb rau kev tuav cov kua corrosive. Tom qab siv cov hnab looj tes, lawv yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tshem tawm kom tsis txhob kis tau rau lwm qhov chaw thiab ntxuav kom huv si nrog dej ntws.

Thaum kawg, tshuaj txhuam cov tsom iav yog qhov tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv qhov muag. Cov tsom iav no yuav tsum muaj kev pom dav dav thiab muaj lub foob zoo los tiv thaiv kev tawg ntawm sodium cyanide tov los ntawm kev nkag mus rau qhov muag. Lawv kuj yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam-tiv taus kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev sib tsoo. Thaum hnav tsom iav, kho cov hlua kom zoo thiab ruaj ntseg haum.

III.2 Zam kev nqus pa thiab tiv thaiv daim tawv nqaij

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev nqus ntawm sodium cyanide plua plav lossis roj, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua kom muaj cua zoo hauv chaw ua haujlwm. Nruab lub tshuab tso pa tawm hauv zos ze ntawm qhov chaw tuav kom tshem tawm cov pa tawm sai sai. Thaum qhib cov thawv ntim ntawm sodium cyanide lossis ua haujlwm uas yuav ua rau muaj plua plav, xws li hnyav lossis hloov pauv, ua kom qeeb thiab ceev faj kom txo cov plua plav tawg. Cov neeg ua haujlwm tseem yuav tsum tsis txhob sawv ntsug ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm kom txo qis kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nqus pa.

Tiv thaiv kev sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug. Ib txwm hnav khaub ncaws ua haujlwm ntev thiab cov ris tsho kom npog daim tawv nqaij kom ntau li ntau tau. Tsis txhob hnav khaub ncaws nrog lub qhov lossis lub kua muag uas tuaj yeem nthuav tawm ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev sib cuag nrog sodium cyanide, tam sim ntawd tshem tawm cov khaub ncaws tsis huv thiab ntxuav qhov chaw raug mob kom huv si nrog dej khiav tsawg kawg 15 feeb. Yog tias muaj qhov txhab qhib lossis abrasions ntawm daim tawv nqaij, yuav tsum tau ceev faj ntxiv kom tiv thaiv kev sib cuag, vim tias cov tshuaj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub cev tau yooj yim dua los ntawm cov chaw no.

III.3 Kev Tiv Thaiv Qhov Muag

Ntxiv nrog rau kev hnav cov tshuaj txhuam hniav tsom iav, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj qhov chaw ntxuav qhov muag thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev hauv chaw ua haujlwm. Yog tias sodium cyanide tuaj yeem sib cuag nrog lub qhov muag, tam sim ntawd yaug qhov muag nrog ntau cov dej huv, dej ntws tsawg kawg 15 feeb. Tsis txhob rub lub qhov muag, vim qhov no yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntxiv. Tilt lub taub hau me ntsis mus rau sab kom cia cov dej ntws hla tag nrho lub qhov muag. Tom qab muab yaug, nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim ntawd. Txawm hais tias tsis muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim tam sim ntawd, nws tseem pom zoo kom muaj kev ntsuam xyuas kev tshaj lij los txiav txim qhov kev puas tsuaj.

III.4 Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Txhaum Cai

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug sodium cyanide nchuav, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua kom sai thiab calmly. Ua ntej, khiav tawm ntawm thaj chaw tam sim kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Tsuas yog cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev uas hnav PPE tsim nyog yuav tsum mus rau ntawm qhov chaw nchuav. Siv ib rab diav yas los yog tsis muaj hluav taws xob ua tib zoo rub cov sodium cyanide spilled thiab hloov mus rau hauv lub thawv huv, kaw. Tsis txhob siv cov cuab yeej hlau uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj. Cov khoom nqus dej xws li vermiculite lossis xuab zeb qhuav tuaj yeem siv los ntub cov kua dej me me, tab sis lawv yuav tsum muab pov tseg kom zoo tom qab ntawd. Tsis txhob cia cov spilled sodium cyanide tuaj rau hauv dej lossis lwm yam khoom uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tshuaj lom neeg. Thaum muaj qhov nchuav lawm, hu rau cov neeg saib xyuas ib puag ncig thiab kev nyab xeeb rau kev taw qhia pov tseg kom raug.

III.5 Chemical Compatibility

Sodium cyanide yuav tsum tau khaws cia kom deb ntawm cov kua qaub thiab cov hauv paus tsis muaj zog txhua lub sijhawm. Thaum nws los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov kua qaub, nws tuaj yeem tso tawm cov pa phem heev hydrogen cyanide gas, uas ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau lub neej. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob khaws cov kua qaub lossis cov hauv paus tsis muaj zog hauv tib cheeb tsam li sodium cyanide. Thaum tuav sodium cyanide, xyuas kom meej tias qhov chaw ua hauj lwm thiab cov cuab yeej siv tsis pub muaj cov kua qaub los yog cov khoom seem. Yog tias muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib cuag tsis raug, muaj lub tshuab ua pa thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev thiab cov cuab yeej ntsuas roj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kom sai sai rau txhua qhov tso pa tawm.

III.6 Kev Cia Siab

Qhov chaw cia rau sodium cyanide yuav tsum ua kom tau raws li cov cai nruj. Khaws rau hauv qhov chaw txias, qhuav, thiab qhov cua zoo. Qhov kub zoo tshaj plaws feem ntau yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 10 ° C thiab 25 ° C, vim tias qhov kub siab dua tuaj yeem ua kom cov tshuaj decomposition. Cov av noo txheeb ze yuav tsum tau khaws cia qis dua 60% txhawm rau tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob ya raws, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsim cov roj hydrogen cyanide. Siv cov ntim ntim ntim uas ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tiv taus sodium cyanide, xws li high-density polyethylene lossis stainless hlau. Sau lub ntim kom meej nrog lub npe, qhov siab, thiab kev ceeb toom txog kev phom sij ntawm cov tshuaj. Khaws cov thawv rau ntawm txee lossis racks ntawm qhov siab kom zoo los tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj. Tsis tu ncua tshuaj xyuas qhov chaw cia khoom thiab ntim khoom kom paub meej tias muaj kev cuam tshuam los yog puas tsuaj.

IV. Teb ceev xwm ceev

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IV.1 Kev Pabcuam Ua Ntej

Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev nqus pa ntawm sodium cyanide hmoov av lossis roj, tam sim ntawd txav tus neeg raug tsim txom mus rau qhov chaw uas muaj cua zoo nrog cua tshiab. Tshem cov khaub ncaws nruj nyob ib ncig ntawm caj dab thiab hauv siab kom ua pa. Yog tias tus neeg ua pa nyuaj lossis tsis ua pa, ua pa tawm tam sim ntawd. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis txhob hnov ​​​​qab txog qhov ncauj thiab siv lub hnab-valve-mask lossis lwm yam khoom ua pa uas tsim nyog yog tias muaj. Hu rau cov kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev thiab txuas ntxiv ua pa ua pa kom txog thaum muaj kev pab.

Yog tias sodium cyanide tuaj rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij, tshem tawm cov khaub ncaws uas muaj kab mob sai sai. Ntxuav qhov chaw raug mob kom huv si nrog cov dej ntws loj rau yam tsawg 15 feeb. Siv xab npum me yog tias tsim nyog, tab sis tsis txhob txhuam cov tawv nqaij vim nws yuav ua rau daim tawv nqaij puas. Tom qab yaug, npog thaj chaw nrog ib daim ntaub huv, qhuav thiab nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Nyob rau hauv qhov kev tshwm sim ntawm qhov muag pom, tam sim ntawd yaug lub qhov muag nrog ntau npaum li cas ntawm huv si, khiav dej tsawg kawg yog 15 feeb. Tilt lub taub hau mus rau sab kom ntseeg tau tias cov dej mus txog txhua qhov ntawm lub qhov muag. Tsis txhob txhuam qhov muag vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntxiv. Tom qab yaug, kaw qhov muag thiab nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Yog tias sodium cyanide tau noj tsis raug, tsis txhob ntuav ntuav tshwj tsis yog cov kws kho mob qhia. Haus dej ntau los yog mis nyuj tam sim ntawd kom dilute cov tshuaj hauv plab. Hu rau cov kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev thiab muab cov ntaub ntawv ntau npaum li sai tau txog kev noj tshuaj, xws li tus nqi thiab lub sij hawm noj.

IV.2 Cov Hluav Taws Xob thiab Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob

Txawm hais tias sodium cyanide nws tus kheej tsis yog flammable, nws tuaj yeem tso cov pa roj hydrogen cyanide thaum rhuab mus rau decomposition. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas muaj hluav taws kub nrog sodium cyanide, cov neeg tua hluav taws yuav tsum hnav cov iav tiv thaiv tag nrho, suav nrog cov khoom ua pa ntawm tus kheej (SCBA), cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, hnab looj tes, thiab khau boots. Siv cov hmoov qhuav qhuav, cov pa roj carbon dioxide, lossis lwm yam tshuaj tua hluav taws uas tsim nyog los tua hluav taws. Tsis txhob siv dej vim nws tuaj yeem hnov ​​​​mob nrog sodium cyanide thiab tso cov pa phem ntau ntxiv. Tshem tawm cov cheeb tsam ib puag ncig mus rau qhov chaw nyab xeeb thiab tiv thaiv ib tus neeg los ntawm kev nkag mus rau cov pa luam yeeb lossis roj av. Tom qab tua hluav taws, tuav cov sodium cyanide ntxiv thiab cov khoom tsis huv nrog kev ceev faj heev kom tsis txhob muaj cov pa phem thib ob.

V. Kev cob qhia thiab kev paub

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Kev cob qhia kom raug rau cov neeg ua haujlwm tuav sodium cyanide yog tsis sib tham. Txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau txais kev cob qhia dav dav uas suav nrog kev paub tob tob txog cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg, muaj peev xwm txaus ntshai, thiab cov txheej txheem tswj kom raug. Qhov kev cob qhia no yuav tsum tsis yog tsuas yog kev ua haujlwm ib hnub nkaus xwb tab sis kuj yog cov xwm txheej thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev.

Kev xyaum kev nyab xeeb tsis tu ncua thiab simulation yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias cov neeg ua haujlwm tuaj yeem teb tau sai thiab zoo thaum muaj xwm txheej. Cov kev xyaum no yuav tsum ua raws li cov xwm txheej hauv lub neej tiag tiag xws li nchuav, xau, lossis raug xwm txheej tshwm sim. Los ntawm kev koom tes hauv cov kev tawm dag zog no, cov neeg ua haujlwm paub txog cov txheej txheem teb thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, suav nrog kev siv cov cuab yeej kev nyab xeeb, khiav tawm hauv cheeb tsam, thiab tswj kev pab thawj zaug.

Tsis tas li ntawd, kev kawm tas mus li thiab cov kev kawm tshiab yog tsim nyog los ua kom cov neeg ua haujlwm hloov kho tshiab ntawm cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb thiab cov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws. Raws li kev tshawb fawb tshiab lossis cov xwm txheej cuam tshuam txog kev tuav sodium cyanide tshwm sim, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov neeg ua haujlwm raug ceeb toom thiab hloov kho lawv cov txheej txheem raws li. Cov txheej txheem kev kawm tsis tu ncua no pab tswj kom muaj kev paub txog kev nyab xeeb siab thiab muaj peev xwm hauv chaw ua haujlwm.

VI. Xaus

Hauv kev xaus, tuav sodium cyanide xav tau qib siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev ceev faj thiab ua raws li cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb. Tej yam tshwm sim ntawm mishandling no lom compound yog hnyav, tsis tsuas yog rau cov tib neeg ncaj qha mus koom, tab sis kuj rau ib puag ncig ib puag ncig. Los ntawm kev nkag siab thiab ua raws li qhov tsim nyog ntsuas kev nyab xeeb, peb tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog kev tuav sodium cyanide. Kev cob qhia tsis tu ncua thiab kev paub txog yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej tias txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm tau hloov kho tshiab ntawm kev coj ua kev nyab xeeb tshiab. Nco ntsoov, kev nyab xeeb yog lub luag haujlwm sib koom, thiab txhua qhov kev ceev faj niaj hnub no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau tag kis.

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