Cov txheej txheem thiab txheej txheem rau tshem tawm Cyanide ntawm Sulfide Mineral Surfaces

Introduction

Hauv cov txheej txheem ua kom zoo thiab smelting ntawm cov hlau tsis yog ferrous sulfide ores, Cyanide feem ntau yog siv los ua kom cov hlau rov qab zoo dua. Txawm li cas los xij, cov cyanide uas tseem nyob ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov sulfide ores tsis yog tsuas yog muaj kev cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov txheej txheem tom ntej xwb tab sis kuj ua rau muaj teeb meem loj rau ib puag ncig. Yog li ntawd, kev tsim cov txheej txheem zoo thiab zoo rau ib puag ncig rau kev tshem tawm cyanide ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov sulfide ores yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.

Qhov xwm txheej tam sim no thiab kev phom sij ntawm Cyanide Residue ntawm Sulfide Mineral Surfaces

Qhov xwm txheej tam sim no

Nyob rau hauv ib txwm flotation txheej txheem ntawm sulfide ores, cyanide yog dav siv los ua tus inhibitor. Nws tuaj yeem xaiv qee yam tsis xav tau cov zaub mov hauv sulfide ores, yog li ua tiav kev sib cais ntawm cov phiaj xwm los ntawm gangue cov zaub mov. Tab sis tom qab flotation, ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cyanide yuav adsorb nyob rau saum npoo ntawm sulfide ores. Raws li kev tshawb fawb muaj feem xyuam, nyob rau hauv ib co concentrators, cov ntsiab lus cyanide nyob rau saum npoo ntawm sulfide ore concentrates tom qab flotation yuav siab li ob peb puas milligrams ib kilogram.

Kev Puas Tsuaj

Los ntawm kev pom kev thev naus laus zis, cov cyanide ntxiv yuav cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem smelting tom ntej. Piv txwv li, thaum lub sij hawm smelting ntawm tooj liab sulfide ores, cyanide yuav tsim complexes nrog tooj liab, txo cov smelting efficiency ntawm tooj liab thiab nce zog noj. Los ntawm ib puag ncig kev xav, cyanide yog ib yam tshuaj lom heev. Thaum tailings cov dej khib nyiab uas muaj cyanide tawm mus rau hauv ib puag ncig ntuj, nws yuav ua rau cov dej qias neeg thiab av, ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau cov kab mob hauv dej thiab cov nroj tsuag nyob ib puag ncig, thiab tseem ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv los ntawm cov khoom noj.

Txoj kev tshem Cyanide ntawm Sulfide Mineral Surfaces

Txoj kev oxidation

1. Tshuaj Oxidation Method

• Lub Ntsiab Cai: Siv cov tshuaj oxidant muaj zog los oxidize cyanide rau hauv cov tshuaj uas tsis muaj tshuaj lom lossis tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Cov tshuaj oxidant feem ntau suav nrog hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), thiab lwm yam. Piv txwv li, siv hydrogen peroxide los ua piv txwv, nws cov qauv tshuaj yog: (2CN+5H2O2 = 2HCO3 + N2↑+4H2O).

• Cov Txheej Txheem Ua Haujlwm : Ua ntej, muab cov sulfide ore pulp uas muaj cyanide tso rau hauv lub tank tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab kho qhov pH ntawm cov pulp kom haum (feem ntau, rau hydrogen peroxide oxidation, qhov pH zoo dua yog ntawm 9 - 11). Tom qab ntawd, maj mam ntxiv cov tshuaj hydrogen peroxide thaum do kom cov oxidant sib cuag tag nrho thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog cov pulp. Lub sijhawm tshuaj tiv thaiv feem ntau yog li ntawm 1 - 3 teev, thiab lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb nyob ntawm qhov cyanide concentration hauv cov pulp thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov ore.

• Qhov Zoo : Qhov ceev ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv yog qhov ceev heev, thiab qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm cyanide yog qhov zoo, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov concentration ntawm cyanide mus rau qib qis.

• Qhov Tsis Zoo : Cov tshuaj oxidants xws li hydrogen peroxide kim heev, thiab cov tshuaj oxidants ntau dhau yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem ua kom zoo dua lossis cov txheej txheem smelting tom qab.

Txoj kev adsorption

1.Activated Carbon Adsorption Method

• Lub Ntsiab Cai : Cov pa roj carbon ua kom muaj thaj chaw loj thiab cov qauv nplua nuj, uas tuaj yeem nqus cov cyanide ntawm nws qhov chaw los ntawm kev nqus lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg.

• Cov Txheej Txheem Ua Haujlwm : Ntxiv cov roj carbon activated rau hauv cov kua sulfide uas muaj cyanide thiab do kom zoo kom cov roj carbon activated sib cuag tag nrho nrog cov cyanide hauv cov kua. Lub sijhawm nqus dej feem ntau yog 30 feeb txog 2 teev. Tom qab nqus dej, cais cov roj carbon activated tawm ntawm cov kua los ntawm kev lim dej lossis lwm txoj hauv kev.

• Qhov Zoo : Kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, thiab nws muaj cov nyhuv zoo rau cov cyanide uas tsis muaj zog. Cov pa roj carbon activated tuaj yeem rov ua dua tshiab thiab rov siv dua.

• Qhov Tsis Zoo : Rau cov cyanide uas muaj cov concentration siab, lub peev xwm adsorption tsawg, thiab kev kho tsis raug ntawm cov pa roj carbon uas tau adsorbed yuav ua rau muaj kev ua qias tuaj ntxiv.

2.Ion - Hloov Resin Adsorption Method

• Lub Ntsiab Cai : Cov ion-exchange resins muaj cov pab pawg ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb uas tuaj yeem pauv nrog cov ions hauv cyanide, yog li ntawd adsorbing cyanide ntawm cov resin.

• Cov Txheej Txheem Ua Haujlwm : Muab cov ion - pauv resin rau hauv ib kab pauv thiab ua kom cov sulfide ore pulp uas muaj cyanide hla dhau kab pauv. Tswj qhov ntws ntawm cov pulp kom ntseeg tau tias cyanide pauv tag nrho nrog cov resin. Thaum cov resin puv nrog adsorption, siv cov eluent tshwj xeeb los elute thiab rov ua dua cov resin.

• Cov Zoo : Nws muaj kev xaiv siab rau cyanide thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tas mus li.

• Qhov Tsis Zoo : Tus nqi ntawm cov resin siab, cov txheej txheem elution yog qhov nyuaj heev, thiab cov kua dej khib nyiab uas muaj cyanide yuav tsim tau.

Lwm Txoj Kev

1.Acid - Base Neutralization Method

• Lub Ntsiab Cai : Nyob rau hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, cyanide yuav dhau los ua cov tshuaj hydrolysis hauv cov kua qaub lossis alkaline ib puag ncig kom tsim cov tshuaj lom tsawg dua lossis tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv ib qho acidic mob, cyanide yuav react nrog hydrogen ions los tsim hydrocyanic acid (HCN), uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm los ntawm volatilization; nyob rau hauv ib qho alkaline mob, cyanide hydrolyzes los tsim cyanate thiab lwm yam tshuaj.

• Cov Txheej Txheem Ua Haujlwm : Yog tias siv cov kua qaub hydrolysis, maj mam ntxiv cov kua qaub xws li dilute sulfuric acid rau hauv cov sulfide ore pulp uas muaj cyanide, kho tus nqi pH rau 2 - 4. thiab tom qab ntawd aerate kom volatilize cov hydrocyanic acid tsim. Yog tias siv alkaline hydrolysis, ntxiv cov alkaline xws li sodium hydroxide, kho tus nqi pH rau 10 - 12. thiab teb rau ib lub sijhawm (feem ntau 2 - 4 teev).

• Qhov Zoo : Tus nqi qis dua, thiab kev ua haujlwm yooj yim heev.

• Qhov Tsis Zoo : Cov kua qaub hydrocyanic uas tsim tawm thaum lub sijhawm acidic hydrolysis yog lom heev thiab xav tau kev tiv thaiv nruj; qhov ceev ntawm alkaline hydrolysis yog qeeb, thiab tej zaum tseem yuav muaj me me ntawm cyanide residue tom qab kho.

Txheej Txheem Flow Design rau Tshem Cyanide ntawm Sulfide Mineral Surfaces

Pretreatment Theem

1. Kev Kho Cov Nqaij Npuas : Kho qhov concentration ntawm cov sulfide ore pulp tom qab flotation. Feem ntau, qhov concentration ntawm cov nqaij npuas raug tswj ntawm 20% - 40% rau kev kho tom qab. Tib lub sijhawm, ntes qhov concentration cyanide thawj zaug hauv cov nqaij npuas los muab lub hauv paus rau kev txiav txim siab cov txheej txheem tom ntej.

2. Kev Tshem Tawm Cov Khoom Tsis Huv : Tshem tawm cov khoom tsis huv loj thiab qee cov khoom khov kho hauv lub pulp los ntawm kev lim, kev tso dej, thiab lwm yam, kom tiv thaiv lawv kom tsis txhob cuam tshuam rau cov txheej txheem kho tom ntej.

Kev tshem tawm theem

1. Kev Xaiv Txoj Kev : Xaiv ib txoj kev tshem tawm uas tsim nyog raws li cov yam xws li qhov concentration ntawm cyanide hauv cov pulp, cov khoom ntawm cov hlau, tus nqi kho, thiab cov kev cai tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Piv txwv li, rau cov cyanide uas muaj concentration siab thiab cov xwm txheej uas tus nqi tsis yog qhov txhawj xeeb, txoj kev Oxidation tshuaj lom neeg tuaj yeem muab qhov tseem ceeb; rau cov cyanide uas muaj concentration qis thiab cov xwm txheej uas tsis cuam tshuam rau ib puag ncig, txoj kev oxidation biological lossis txoj kev adsorption yuav tsim nyog dua.

2. Kev Tswj Xyuas Cov Txheej Txheem : Siv cov tshuaj hydrogen peroxide oxidation hauv txoj kev tshuaj oxidation ua piv txwv, tswj hwm cov hydrogen peroxide ntxiv (feem ntau xam raws li cyanide concentration thiab cov qauv tshuaj tiv thaiv), qhov kub ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv (feem ntau 20 - 30 ℃), pH tus nqi (9 - 11), thiab qhov ceev ntawm kev nplawm (100 - 300 revolutions ib feeb) thiab lwm yam kev ntsuas kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo.

Tom qab-kev kho mob theem

1. Kev Sib Cais Khoom Khoob - Kua : Sib cais cov pulp tom qab tshem tawm cyanide los ntawm kev lim, centrifugation, thiab lwm yam kom tau txais cov sulfide ore concentrates thiab cov dej khib nyiab uas muaj me ntsis cyanide.

2. Kev Kho Dej Pov Tseg : Kho cov dej pov tseg uas tau sib cais kom ua tau raws li cov qauv kev tso tawm hauv tebchaws. Kev ua kom oxidation thib ob, kev nqus, thiab lwm txoj hauv kev tuaj yeem siv los tshem tawm cyanide hauv cov dej pov tseg kom tob kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev tso tawm zoo.

xaus

Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev kom tshem tawm cyanide ntawm qhov chaw ntawm sulfide ores, thiab txhua txoj kev muaj nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Hauv kev siv tswv yim, nws yuav tsum ua tib zoo xav txog yam xws li cov khoom siv ore, cyanide concentration, tus nqi kho mob, thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig los xaiv cov qauv tsim nyog thiab cov txheej txheem ntws. Nrog rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig nruj zuj zus ntxiv thiab kev ua tiav ntawm kev siv thev naus laus zis, kev txhim kho ntawm kev ua haujlwm zoo dua qub, ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg, thiab cov thev naus laus zis qis rau kev tshem tawm cyanide rau saum npoo ntawm sulfide ores yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej. Los ntawm cov txheej txheem tas mus li optimization, nws xav kom ua tiav xoom - tso tawm ntawm cyanide hauv cov txiaj ntsig thiab cov txheej txheem smelting ntawm sulfide ores thiab txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam uas tsis yog-ferrous hlau.