Siv cov pa roj carbon activated kom tshem tawm Cyanide dawb (CN-) hauv cov dej khib nyiab

Introduction

Cov dej khib nyiab hauv kev lag luam feem ntau muaj ntau yam tshuaj lom, nrog rau Dawb cyanide (CN-) muaj kev txhawj xeeb tshwj xeeb vim nws cov tshuaj lom neeg siab heev. Txawm nyob rau hauv me me koob tshuaj, cyanide tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus, ua rau kev kho cov dej khib nyiab uas muaj nws yog qhov teeb meem loj heev rau ib puag ncig. Muaj cov cai tswjfwm nruj heev los tswj kev tso tawm cov dej khib nyiab uas muaj cyanide, lub hom phiaj tsis yog tsuas yog ua kom tau raws li cov qauv kev cai xwb tab sis kuj tseem yuav rov qab tau ntau cyanide li sai tau los ntawm cov quav thiab cov dej khib nyiab hauv Hoobkas. Qhib carbon tau tshwm sim los ua ib yam khoom siv zoo rau kev tshem tawm cov cyanide dawb ntawm cov dej khib nyiab, thiab tsab xov xwm no yuav tshawb nrhiav nws cov ntawv thov, cov txheej txheem, thiab cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam kom meej.

Qhov chaw ntawm Cyanide hauv Cov Dej Num

High - concentration cyanide hauv cov dej khib nyiab feem ntau yog los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev lag luam xws li electroplating, cyanide - raws li kub rho tawm, ntxuav roj thiab dej txias hauv coke ncu thiab blast furnaces, nrog rau qee yam tshuaj, ntxhia ua, hluavtaws roj hmab, fiber ntau, thiab dye industries. Cyanide concentration hauv cov dej khib nyiab no tuaj yeem nyob ntawm 1 - 180 mg / L lossis ntau dua.

Mechanisms ntawm Activated Carbon hauv Tshem Tawm Dawb Cyanide

Lub cev Adsorption

Cov pa roj carbon uas ua kom muaj zog muaj cov qauv microporous uas tsim tau zoo heev thiab thaj chaw loj, feem ntau yog li ntawm 500 txog 3000 m² / g. Cov qauv lub cev no muab rau nws nrog lub peev xwm adsorption lub cev muaj zog. Cyanide ions hauv cov dej khib nyiab tuaj yeem adsorbed rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm Kev ua kom cov pa roj carbon los ntawm cov zog van der Waals. Qhov chaw loj muab ntau qhov chaw nqus, ua rau muaj kev ntes tau cov cyanide dawb.

Tshuaj adsorption thiab Catalytic Oxidation

Ntxiv nrog rau lub cev adsorption, cov pa roj carbon activated tuaj yeem koom nrog cov tshuaj lom neeg. Thaum cov pa roj carbon activated adsorbs oxygen thiab dej hauv cov dej khib nyiab, nws tuaj yeem tsim hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) ntawm nws qhov chaw, nrog rau cov pa roj carbon activated nws tus kheej ua tus catalyst. Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm tooj liab ntsev, lub generated H₂O₂ tuaj yeem oxidize thiab decompose cyanide. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv mechanism yog raws li nram no:

1. Generation of H₂O₂: Oxygen thiab dej yog adsorbed rau ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated los ua H₂O₂.

2. Oxidation ntawm cyanide: Cyanide yog oxidized los ntawm H₂O₂ nyob rau hauv lub catalytic kev txiav txim ntawm tooj liab ntsev, ua rau decomposition ntawm cyanide mus rau hauv tsawg teeb meem tshuaj.

Cov yam ntxwv cuam tshuam rau kev tshem tawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated

Initial Cyanide Concentration

Qhov siab dua qhov pib concentration ntawm dawb cyanide hauv cov dej khib nyiab, qhov ntau dua qhov tsav tsheb rau adsorption. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li qhov muaj peev xwm adsorption ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated yog txwv, thaum qhov pib concentration tshaj ib qho nqi, qhov kev tshem tawm yuav tsis nce proportionally. Hauv qee qhov kev tshawb fawb, nws tau pom tias nrog kev nce hauv thawj zaug cyanide concentration, tus nqi ntawm cyanide adsorbed ib chav tsev loj ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated thawj zaug nce thiab tom qab ntawd theem tawm.

pH Tus Nqi

Tus nqi pH ntawm cov dej khib nyiab cuam tshuam rau qhov adsorption ntawm cyanide los ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated. Feem ntau, nyob rau hauv acidic tej yam kev mob, lub peev xwm adsorption ntawm activated carbon rau cyanide yog kuj tsawg. Raws li tus nqi pH nce, lub peev xwm adsorption maj mam nce. Thaum pH nyob rau hauv cov alkaline ntau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog saum toj no 11. qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm cyanide tuaj yeem ncav cuag ntau dua 95% hauv 30 feeb hauv qee kis. Qhov no yog vim qhov speciation ntawm cyanide hauv cov tshuaj hloov pauv nrog pH, thiab daim ntawv ntawm cyanide ions yog qhov zoo dua rau adsorption ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated nyob rau hauv alkaline tej yam kev mob.

Kub

Lub adsorption ntawm cyanide los ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated yog txheej txheem exothermic. Raws li qhov kub nce siab, lub peev xwm adsorption feem ntau txo qis. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tooj liab - impregnated activated carbon, thaum tov nrog cyanide tov, adsorption nyhuv ntawm cyanide txo nrog nce kub. Qhov no yog vim qhov nce hauv qhov kub thiab txias txhawb qhov desorption ntawm adsorbed cov khoom los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated.

Lub Sijhawm Sib Tw

Lub sijhawm stirring txaus yog tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias cyanide hauv cov dej khib nyiab muaj kev sib cuag txaus nrog cov pa roj carbon activated. Nyob rau hauv thawj theem, raws li lub sij hawm stirring nce, tus nqi tshem tawm ntawm cyanide nce sai heev. Txawm li cas los xij, tom qab ncav cuag ib lub sijhawm, qhov kev tshem tawm feem ntau zoo li ruaj khov, qhia tias cov txheej txheem adsorption tau mus txog qhov sib npaug.

Kev siv cov pa roj carbon activated hauv kev kho Cyanide - Muaj cov dej khib nyiab

Hauv Kev Lag Luam Kub Mining

Nyob rau hauv kub mining, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cyanide - raws li kub extraction txheej txheem, ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov dej khib nyiab uas muaj cyanide yog generated. Cov pa roj carbon activated tuaj yeem siv los tshem tawm cov cyanide dawb ntawm cov dej khib nyiab no. Ntxiv nrog rau kev tshem tawm cyanide, cov pa roj carbon activated tuaj yeem nqus cov kub - cyanide complexes (xws li Au(CN)₂⁻) hauv cov dej khib nyiab. Cov adsorbed kub - cyanide complexes tuaj yeem ua tiav ntxiv kom rov qab tau kub, ua tiav ob qho tib si kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab cov peev txheej rov qab los.

Hauv Kev Lag Luam Electroplating

Electroplating nroj tsuag feem ntau siv cyanide - muaj cov kev daws teeb meem hauv cov txheej txheem plating, ua rau cov cyanide - cov dej khib nyiab. Kev kho cov pa roj carbon activated tuaj yeem txo cov ntsiab lus cyanide hauv cov dej khib nyiab kom ua tau raws li cov qauv tso tawm. Piv nrog rau qee txoj kev kho mob ib txwm muaj, xws li alkaline chlorination, kev kho cov pa roj carbon monoxide muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov pa phem tsawg dua thiab muaj peev xwm rov qab tau cov peev txheej.

Sib piv nrog Lwm Txoj Kev Kho Mob

Alkaline Chlorination

Alkaline chlorination yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo rau kev rhuav tshem cyanides hauv dej khib nyiab. Nws siv cov tshuaj chlorine - uas muaj cov tshuaj xws li chlorine gas, kua chlorine, los yog cov tshuaj dawb huv los oxidize cyanide rau hauv cov pa roj carbon dioxide (CO₂) thiab nitrogen (N₂). Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev no yuav tsim teeb meem los ntawm - cov khoom lag luam, thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm yuav tsum muaj kev tswj hwm nruj ntawm cov tshuaj chlorine thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv. Nyob rau hauv sib piv, activated carbon kev kho mob yog ib tug ntau tus phooj ywg ib puag ncig kev xaiv nrog lub peev xwm los xaiv adsorb cyanide thiab muaj peev xwm rov qab tau cov hlau tseem ceeb.

Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation

Hydrogen peroxide oxidation kuj tseem siv tau los txo cov concentration ntawm cyanide hauv dej khib nyiab. Nws tuaj yeem oxidize cyanide mus rau qis dua - toxicity theem. Txawm li cas los xij, hydrogen peroxide yog ib qho reagent kim, thiab cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau ntxiv cov tshuaj reagents, ua rau tus nqi kho mob. Cov pa roj carbon activated, ntawm qhov tod tes, muaj qhov ua tau zoo ruaj khov thaum nws raug xaiv thiab siv tau zoo, thiab nws cov kev tsim dua tshiab tuaj yeem txiav txim siab txo nqi.

Cov Kev Tsim Kho Yav Tom Ntej

Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Hloov Hloov Activated Carbon

Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated hauv kev tshem tawm cov cyanide dawb, kev tshawb fawb tau ua tiav ntawm kev hloov kho cov pa roj carbon monoxide. Piv txwv li, impregnating activated carbon nrog cov hlau sib txawv (xws li tooj liab, hlau, thiab lwm yam) tuaj yeem txhim kho nws cov peev xwm catalytic oxidation rau cyanide. Cov hlau sib txawv - loaded activated carbons tuaj yeem ua kom zoo raws li cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb ntawm cov dej khib nyiab kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua.

Cov txheej txheem kho ua ke

Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov pa roj carbon activated nrog rau lwm txoj kev kho mob kuj yog ib qho qauv. Piv txwv li, kev sib txuas ua ke cov pa roj carbon adsorption nrog kev kho mob lom neeg tuaj yeem ua ntej siv cov pa roj carbon activated kom txo tau qhov siab - concentration cyanide hauv cov dej khib nyiab mus rau qib uas tsim nyog rau kev kho mob lom, thiab tom qab ntawd siv cov kab mob kom ntxiv decompose thiab tshem tawm cov cyanide ntxiv - lwm yam tshuaj. Cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke no tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua ntawm qhov muaj zog ntawm ntau txoj kev kho mob thiab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua thiab ua tiav Kev Khib Lub Khib.

xaus

Cov pa roj carbon activated qhia tau tias muaj peev xwm loj hauv kev tshem tawm cov dawb cyanide (CN-) los ntawm cov dej khib nyiab. Los ntawm lub cev adsorption thiab tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, nws tuaj yeem txo cov ntsiab lus cyanide hauv cov dej khib nyiab, ua tau raws li cov qauv kev tso tawm ib puag ncig thiab txawm tias ua kom muaj peev txheej rov qab los ntawm qee qhov xwm txheej. Txawm hais tias tseem muaj qee qhov chaw uas yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua qub, xws li kev ua kom zoo dua cov adsorption efficiency thiab txo cov nqi, nrog rau kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv ntawm kev tshawb fawb txog kev hloov kho cov pa roj carbon activated thiab kev kho ua ke, cov pa roj carbon activated yuav ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev kho cyanide - muaj cov dej khib nyiab yav tom ntej.