Sodium Cyanide Cov Txheej Txheem Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Ua Haujlwm thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev

Introduction

sodium cyanide (NaCN) yog ib qho tshuaj lom thiab txaus ntshai heev uas siv dav hauv kev lag luam xws li mining, electroplating, thiab tshuaj synthesis. Vim nws cov toxicity heev thiab muaj peev xwm ua rau mob hnyav rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig, nruj Kev nyab xeeb ua haujlwm cov txheej txheem thiab siv tau Kev kub ntxhov Cov phiaj xwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thaum tuav cov khoom no. Kab lus no yog tsim los muab cov lus qhia dav dav ntawm cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb kev ua haujlwm thiab cov kev ntsuas thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev ntsig txog Sodium cyanide.

Cov khoom ntawm Sodium Cyanide

Sodium cyanide yog dawb crystalline khoom nrog faint almond - zoo li tsw. Nws yog heev soluble nyob rau hauv dej thiab tsim ib tug muaj zog alkaline tov. Nws yog tshuaj lom heev, thiab txawm tias me me tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus yog tias noj, nqus pa, lossis nqus los ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Lub mechanism ntawm nws toxicity yog

elated rau nws lub peev xwm los inhibit kev ua haujlwm ntawm cytochrome oxidase hauv cov hlwb, yog li cuam tshuam cov cellular ua pa thiab ua rau cov tsos mob lom sai.

Cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm nyab xeeb

cia

1. Qhov chaw xaiv: Sodium cyanide yuav tsum tau muab khaws cia rau hauv ib qho chaw tshwj xeeb, zoo-ventilated cia chaw uas yog cais los ntawm lwm yam tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog acids. Qhov chaw cia khoom yuav tsum nyob rau hauv qhov chaw qis qis thiab deb ntawm qhov chaw hluav taws xob, cua sov, thiab noo noo.

2. Container Requirements: Nws yuav tsum tau muab khaws cia rau hauv nruj nreem kaw, corrosion-resistant ntim cov ntaub ntawv xws li high-density polyethylene los yog hlau nrog cov txheej txheem tsim nyog. Cov thawv ntim khoom yuav tsum tau sau meej meej nrog cov npe tshuaj, ceeb toom txog kev phom sij, thiab cov lus qhia tuav.

3. Cov lus nug tswj: Khaws ib daim ntawv qhia tseeb ntawm tus nqi ntawm Sodium Cyanide nyob rau hauv cia. Tsis tu ncua xyuas cov thawv rau cov cim qhia txog kev xau, corrosion, lossis puas.

tuav

1. Cov khoom siv tiv thaiv tus kheej (PPE): Cov neeg ua haujlwm tuav sodium cyanide yuav tsum hnav PPE tsim nyog, suav nrog tag nrho cov tshuaj - cov khoom siv tiv thaiv, hnab looj tes ua los ntawm cov khoom siv xws li roj hmab butyl lossis nitrile roj hmab, tshuaj lom neeg - cov tsom iav tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb, thiab cov khoom tiv thaiv ua pa. Kev tiv thaiv ua pa yuav tsum yog lub tshuab ua pa ntawm tus kheej (SCBA) rau cov xwm txheej uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev nqus pa ntawm cyanide pa taws lossis hmoov av.

2. Cov txheej txheem tuav: Thaum hloov sodium cyanide, siv cov cuab yeej tsim nyog xws li scoopers lossis funnels ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tsis-reactive. Tsis txhob tsim cov plua plav thaum tuav, vim tias cov pa hauv huab cua tuaj yeem nqus tau yooj yim. Tsis txhob siv ob txhais tes los kov cov tshuaj. Txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv lub qhov dej-ventilated fume hood los yog nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw uas muaj cov pa cua hauv zos.

3. Kev tiv thaiv dej nchuav: Ua ntej pib ua haujlwm tuav, xyuas kom meej tias thaj chaw ua haujlwm tau nruab nrog cov khoom siv tiv thaiv dej xws li cov ntaub nqus dej, xuab zeb, lossis cov neeg ua haujlwm nruab nrab. Muaj ib txoj kev npaj tiv thaiv cov dej nchuav rau hauv qhov chaw thiab paub qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw ntxuav qhov muag thaum muaj xwm ceev thiab da dej nyab xeeb.

Tsheb thauj mus los

1. Tsheb yuav tsum: Sodium cyanide yuav tsum tau thauj mus rau hauv cov tsheb uas tau tsim thiab pom zoo rau kev thauj mus los ntawm cov khoom siv phom sij. Cov tsheb yuav tsum tau nruab nrog lub tshuab ua pa kom zoo, cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kev sib tsoo, thiab cov cim kev nyab xeeb.

2. Cov ntaub ntawv: Tag nrho cov kev thauj mus los ntawm sodium cyanide yuav tsum muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntxaws ntxaws, suav nrog cov npe tshuaj, qhov ntau, keeb kwm, qhov chaw, thiab cov ntaub ntawv tiv tauj thaum muaj xwm ceev. Txoj kev tsheb thauj mus los yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo npaj kom tsis txhob muaj neeg coob coob thiab thaj chaw uas muaj kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig receptors.

Kev ntsuas kub ceev

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm to los yog nchuav

1. Kev khiav tawm: Tam sim ntawd tshem tawm tag nrho cov neeg ua haujlwm tsis tseem ceeb ntawm thaj chaw. Teeb tsa ib puag ncig ib puag ncig ntawm qhov chaw nchuav los tiv thaiv kev nkag mus tsis tau tso cai.

2. Containment: Siv cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg kom muaj kev sib kis ntawm cov spilled sodium cyanide. Cov ntaub ntawv nqus dej tuaj yeem siv los ntub cov kua dej, thaum cov xuab zeb lossis lwm yam khoom siv tsis zoo tuaj yeem siv los npog cov khoom nchuav. Tsis txhob siv dej los ntxuav cov nchuav, vim qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov roj hydrogen cyanide, uas yog tshuaj lom heev.

3. Neutralization: Rau cov nchuav me me, tus neeg saib xyuas tsis zoo xws li sodium hypochlorite tuaj yeem siv los hloov cov sodium cyanide rau hauv cov tshuaj lom neeg tsawg. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsuas yog yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm raug cob qhia ua raws li cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb kom raug.

4. Kev huv huv: Tom qab neutralization, ua tib zoo ntxuav cov khoom uas nchuav thiab muab tso rau hauv qhov tsim nyog, cov thawv ntim rau pov tseg. Qhov chaw huv huv yuav tsum raug tshem tawm kom huv si, thiab tag nrho cov PPE thiab cov cuab yeej siv hauv cov txheej txheem huv yuav tsum tau muab ntxuav kom zoo thiab tshem tawm.

Thaum muaj tshuaj lom

1. Thawj pab: Yog tias ib tug neeg xav tias raug tshuaj lom los ntawm sodium cyanide, tam sim tshem tus neeg raug tsim txom los ntawm qhov chaw muaj kab mob mus rau huab cua ntshiab. Yog tias cov tshuaj tau nkag mus rau hauv daim tawv nqaij, tshem tawm cov khaub ncaws tsis huv thiab yaug daim tawv nqaij nrog dej ntau yam tsawg kawg 15 feeb. Yog tias qhov muag raug cuam tshuam, yaug lawv nrog cov dej ntau npaum li cas tsawg kawg 15 feeb. Tsis txhob ua rau ntuav.

2. Kho mob: Hu rau kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev tam sim ntawd. Tus neeg raug tsim txom yuav xav tau kev kho mob nrog tshuaj tua kab mob xws li hydroxocobalamin lossis sodium nitrite / sodium thiosulfate. Kev kho mob sai sai yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev ciaj sia ntawm tus neeg raug lom.

Hluav taws nrog sodium cyanide

1. Txoj kev tua hluav taws: Siv cov tshuaj tua hluav taws qhuav, xuab zeb, lossis cov pa roj carbon dioxide tua hluav taws los tua hluav taws uas muaj sodium cyanide. Tsis txhob siv dej, vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj sodium cyanide los tsim cov roj hydrogen cyanide. Cov neeg tua hluav taws yuav tsum hnav PPE tag nrho, suav nrog SCBA, thiab mus rau qhov hluav taws kub los ntawm cua.

2. Kev ntsuas phom sij: Saib xyuas huab cua kom pom muaj cov pa roj hydrogen cyanide thaum lub sijhawm thiab tom qab hluav taws kub. Tshem tawm cov chaw nyob ze yog tias cov pa roj ntau tshaj qhov muaj kev nyab xeeb. Tom qab tua hluav taws, ua tib zoo txheeb xyuas qhov kev puas tsuaj thiab ntxuav txhua qhov seem nyob rau hauv raws li kev cai ib puag ncig.

Kev cob qhia thiab kev kawm

Txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog sodium cyanide, suav nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv kev tsim khoom, khaws cia, kev thauj mus los, thiab pab pawg neeg teb thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, yuav tsum tau txais kev cob qhia tsis tu ncua ntawm cov khoom, cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb, thiab kev ntsuas kub ntxhov ntsig txog sodium cyanide. Kev cob qhia yuav tsum suav nrog txhais tes - ntawm kev xyaum tuav cov dej nchuav, siv PPE, thiab tswj kev pab thawj zaug. Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev cob qhia yuav tsum tau khaws cia kom ntseeg tau tias ua raws.

xaus

Sodium cyanide yog cov tshuaj uas yuav tsum tau ceev faj thiab ua raws li cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb. Los ntawm kev ua raws li kev khaws cia, tuav, thiab kev thauj mus los, thiab muaj cov phiaj xwm daws teeb meem thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev, kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog sodium cyanide tuaj yeem txo qis. Kev cob qhia tsis tu ncua thiab kev kawm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom muaj chaw ua haujlwm nyab xeeb thiab tiv thaiv tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig los ntawm kev phom sij ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg no.