Nna ukwu ojiji nke flotation reagents: melite izi ezi nke ịnweta mejupụtara nchọpụta

N'ubi nke Nhazi mineral na geological analysis, ziri ezi ojiji nke flotation reagents dị oké mkpa maka ịchọpụta nke ọma ihe mejupụtara mineral. Flotation bụ usoro physicochemical nke a na-etinye n'ọtụtụ ebe maka nkewa nke ịnweta na ịba ụba, na-adabere na ọdịiche dị na njirimara physicochemical nke ịnweta elu. Site n'ịgbakwunye reagents, hydrophilicity ma ọ bụ hydrophobicity nke ịnweta na-ebupụta nwere ike gbanwee, na-enyere nkewa nke lekwasịrị minerals si gangue.

Edemede a ga-ewebata usoro ndụmọdụ ọrụ bara uru iji nyere ndị na-ahụ maka ụlọ nyocha na ndị injinia na-egwupụta akụ aka ịkwalite usoro flotation, na-emeziwanye izi ezi na nkwughachi nke nsonaazụ ule.

Nke mbụ, ka anyị bido na ụdị isi nke reagents nke flotation -Ndị na-anakọta, Ụmụnna, na Mgbanwe. Onye ọ bụla reagent na-arụ ọrụ pụrụ iche na usoro flotation. Ndị na-anakọta ihe na-eme ka hydrophobicity nke mineral dịkwuo elu, na-akwalite ntinye ha na ikuku ikuku; frothers na-enyere aka dozie oyi akwa ụfụfụ, na-ekwe ka ịnweta mineral ndị bara ụba dị mfe iche na slurry; A na-eji ndị na-eme mgbanwe emezigharị pH ma ọ bụ ike ionic nke slurry, na-emepụta ọnọdụ kachasị mma maka flotation ịnweta.

Site na ọganihu teknụzụ na-aga n'ihu, ụdị na ngwa nke reagents flotation na-agbasawanye. The ezi nhọrọ na ojiji nke ndị a reagents nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị mma mgbake mineral ọnụego na akara ule mana na-ewetakwa uru dị ukwuu n'ihe gbasara nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi na njikwa ọnụ ahịa.

Otu esi eji Flotation Reagents mee nke ọma?

Ụdị nke Reagent

Thedị nke reagents eji na flotation osisi na-adabere ihe ndị dị ka ore Njirimara, usoro eruba, na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke chọrọ ịnweta ngwaahịa. N'ozuzu, a na-ekpebi ha site na ule selectivity ore ma ọ bụ ule ụlọ ọrụ ọkara.

Enwere ike kewaa ndị reagents n'ụzọ zuru ezu n'ụdị isi atọ dabere na ọrụ ha:

1. Ụmụnna: Organic surfactants nke na-ekesa na ntanetị mmiri-ikuku. A na-eji ha emepụta oyi akwa froth nke nwere ike na-ese n'elu mineral. Ndị frothers ndị a na-ahụkarị gụnyere mmanụ pine, cresylic acid, na alcohols.

2. Ndị nchịkọta: Ọrụ ha bụ ijide mineral ndị e lekwasịrị anya, na-agbanwe hydrophobicity nke ebe ịnweta ịnweta iji kwe ka ụmụ irighiri ihe ndị na-ese n'elu mmiri na-arapara na afụ ikuku. Dabere na ọdịdị ha, ndị nchịkọta nwere ike kewaa n'ime ndị na-anakọta ndị na-abụghị ndị polar, ndị na-anakọta anionic, na ndị na-anakọta cationic. Ndị na-anakọta ihe a na-ejikarị gụnyere ọgwụ ojii, ọgwụ edo edo, ọgwụ ọcha, acid fatty, amines fatty, na mmanụ ịnweta.

3. Ndị na-agbanwe: Ndị na-eme mgbanwe na-agụnye ndị na-arụ ọrụ na ndị na-emechi ihe, nke na-agbanwe ihe ndị dị na ịnweta ịnweta, na-emetụta mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mineral na ndị nchịkọta. Ndị na-eme mgbanwe na-agụnyekwa ihe eji eme ihe na-agbanwe kemịkalụ ma ọ bụ electrochemical nke igwe mmiri, dị ka pH adjusters na steeti ndị na-anakọta. Ụdị mgbanwe gụnyere:

• Ndị na-emezi pH: Lime, sodium carbonate, sulfuric acid, sulfur dioxide.

• Ndị na-eme ihe: Ọla kọpa sulfate, sodium sulfide.

• Ndị na-emechi ihe: Lime, ọbara ọbara edo edo, sodium sulfide, sulfur dioxide, sodium cyanide, zinc sulfate, potassium dichromate, iko mmiri, tannin, soluble colloid, starch, sịntetik polymers, wdg.

• ndị ọzọ: Ndị na-ahụ maka mmiri mmiri, ihe ndị na-ese mmiri, solubilizers, wdg.

Usoro ọgwụgwọ reagent

Usoro onunu ogwu nke reagents n'oge flotation ga-abụ nke ziri ezi; ezughị oke ma ọ bụ oke oke nwere ike imetụta ihe ngosi nhazi ịnweta. Oke ojiji nwekwara ike ịbawanye ọnụ ahịa nhazi.

Mmekọrịta dị n'etiti usoro ọgwụgwọ reagent na ihe ngosi flotation:

• Usoro onunu ogwu ezughi oke nwere ike iduga ezughị oke hydrophobicity nke mineral, na-ebelata ọnụego mgbake. N'aka nke ọzọ, oke oke nwere ike wedata ogo nke itinye uche na mgbagwoju anya nkewa.

• Usoro ọgwụgwọ frother ezughi oke nwere ike iduga nkwụsi ike nke ụfụfụ na-adịghị mma, ebe oke oke nwere ike ịkpata ihe ngosi "nfefe".

• Obere usoro onunu ogwu nwere ike iduga na-adịghị mma ịgbalite, ebe oke nwere ike imebi nhọrọ nke usoro flotation.

• Usoro onyunyo ezughi oke nwere ike belata ọkwa nke itinye uche, ebe oke oke nwere ike igbochi mineral ndị kwesịrị ịse n'elu mmiri, na-ebelata ọnụego mgbake.

Nkwadebe Reagent

A na-atụgharị reagents siri ike n'ime mmiri mmiri maka mgbakwunye dị mfe. Ekwesịrị ịkwadebe reagents na-adịghị edozi mmiri dị ka ọgwụ edo edo, ọgwụ amine ojii, iko mmiri, sodium carbonate, ọla kọpa sulfate, na sodium sulfide dị ka ihe ngwọta na-enweghị mmiri na ntinye sitere na 2% ruo 10%. Ọ dị mkpa ka a gbazee reagents na-adịghị mmiri mmiri n'ime ihe mgbaze tupu a kwadebe ya dị ka ihe ngwọta mmiri maka mgbakwunye, dị ka ụfọdụ ndị na-anakọta amine nwere ike ịgbakwunye kpọmkwem, dị ka mmanụ 2, ọgwụ ojii nke 31, na oleic acid. Maka reagents soluble nke ukwuu nke chọrọ ọnụọgụ dị ukwuu, ntinye nkwadebe na-adịkarị site na 10% ruo 20%, dị ka sodium sulfide, nke a na-akwado na 15% n'oge eji. N'ihi na emezighituri soluble reagents, organic solvents nwere ike iji igbari ha tupu akwadebe ha dị ka ala uche ngwọta.

Nhọrọ nke Nkwadebe reagent usoro dabere na njirimara nke reagents, usoro mgbakwunye, na ọrụ ha. Otu reagent nwere ike dị ịrịba iche na onunu ogwu na mmetụta n'ihi dị iche iche nkwadebe ụzọ. N'ozuzu, usoro nkwadebe nkịtị gụnyere:

1. Na-akwado 2% ruo 10% ngwọta mmiri: A na-akwado ọtụtụ reagents mmiri na-agbaze n'ụzọ dị otú a (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọgwụ edo edo, sulfate ọla kọpa, iko mmiri).

2. Na-agbaze n'ime ihe mgbaze: Enwere ike igbari ụfọdụ reagents mmiri na-adịghị ike na ihe mgbaze pụrụ iche. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọgwụ na-acha ọcha abụghị mmiri soluble mana enwere ike ịgbaze na 10% ruo 20% aniline solution, a ga-ejikwa ya mee ihe mgbe ọ kwadebere ihe ngwọta nke aniline. N'otu aka ahụ, ọgwụ aniline ojii abụghị mmiri soluble kama ọ nwere ike igbari na sodium hydroxide alkaline ngwọta, ya mere, ihe ngwọta alkaline sodium hydroxide ga-ebu ụzọ kwadebe tupu ị gbakwunye reagent iji mepụta ọgwụ aniline ojii ngwọta maka flotation.

3. Na-akwado dị ka nkwusioru ma ọ bụ emulsion: N'ihi na ụfọdụ emezighituri soluble siri ike reagents, ha nwere ike kwadebere dị ka emulsions maka ojiji. Dị ka ihe atụ, wayo nwere nnọọ ala solubility na mmiri, n'ihi ya, ọ pụrụ finely n'ala n'ime ntụ ntụ na mix na mmiri ike a milky nkwusioru (eg, wayo mmiri ara ehi), ma ọ bụ ọ pụrụ ozugbo tinye na akọrọ ntụ ntụ ụdị n'ime bọl igwe nri ma ọ bụ edemede tank.

4. Saponification: Maka ndị na-anakọta abụba abụba, saponification bụ usoro a na-ahụkarị. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe ị na-ahọrọ hematite, a na-eji ncha saponified nke paraffin na mmanụ tar dị ka onye nchịkọta. Iji saponify mmanụ tar, ihe dị ka 10% sodium carbonate kwesịrị ịgbakwunye mgbe ị na-akwadebe reagent, ma kpoo ọkụ iji mepụta ncha ọkụ maka mgbakwunye.

5. Emulsification: Emulsification nwere ike nweta site na iji ultrasonic emulsification ma ọ bụ n'ibu edemede. Mgbe emulsification, ọdụdụ asịd na dizel nwere ike welie ha mgbasa na slurry, melite irè nke reagents. Ịgbakwunye ụfọdụ emulsifying agents nwere ike ime ka ọ dịkwuo mma.

6. Acidification: Mgbe ị na-eji ndị na-anakọta cationic, n'ihi adịghị ike ha na-adịghị mma, a ga-ejirịrị hydrochloric acid ma ọ bụ acetic acid gwọọ ha tupu ha agbaze n'ime mmiri maka flotation.

7. Aerosol usoro: Nke a bụ usoro nkwadebe ọhụrụ nke na-eme ka ọrụ nke reagents dịkwuo elu. Ọ na-agụnye iji ngwaọrụ spraying pụrụ iche iji mee ka reagents dị na ikuku ikuku tupu ị gbakwunye ha ozugbo na tank flotation, ya mere a na-akpọkwa ya "usoro aerosol flotation." Usoro a ọ bụghị naanị na-eme ka floatability nke mineral bara uru, kamakwa na-ebelata ojiji reagent nke ukwuu. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, usoro ọgwụgwọ nke ndị na-anakọta nwere ike ịbụ naanị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ ruo otu ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke ego a na-emebu, ebe usoro ọgwụgwọ frother nwere ike ịbụ naanị otu ụzọ n'ụzọ ise.

8. Ọgwụgwọ electrochemical nke reagents: A na-agafe ugbu a ozugbo iji kemịkalụ na-emeso reagents flotation, nke nwere ike gbanwee steeti reagent, uru pH na ikike redox, si otú ahụ na-abawanye ntinye nke ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ reagent, na-ebuli mkpokọta dị oke mkpa maka imepụta colloid, na melite mgbasa nke reagents na-adịghị ike na mmiri.

N'ozuzu, a na-akpali ndị na-anakọta na frothers maka nkeji 1-2, ebe ụfọdụ reagents, dị ka potassium dichromate eji egbochi ndu na nkewa nke ọla kọpa, nwere ike ịchọ mkpali ogologo.

Ebe Mgbakwunye Reagent

Iji bulie ịdị irè nke reagents flotation, ihe a na-emekarị bụ ịgbakwunye ndị na-emezigharị ihe, ndị na-eme ihe mgbochi, na ụfọdụ ndị na-anakọta (dịka, kerosene) n'ime igwe igwe bọọlụ iji mepụta ebe dị mma na-ese n'elu mmiri ozugbo enwere ike. A na-agbakwunye ndị na-anakọta na frothers na tank mbụ na-akpali akpali nke usoro flotation. Ọ bụrụ na e nwere tankị abụọ na-akpali akpali, a ga-agbakwunye onye na-eme ihe na tank nke mbụ, ebe a ga-agbakwunye onye na-anakọta na frother na tank nke abụọ. Ihe mgbakwunye na-adịgasị iche dabere na ọrụ nke reagents na igwe flotation. Dị ka ihe atụ, a na-agbakwụnyekarị sulfate ọla kọpa, ọgwụ na-acha odo odo, na mmanụ pine n’usoro na-esonụ: A na-etinye ọla kọpa sulfate n’etiti tankị mbụ na-akpali akpali, ọgwụ edo edo dị n’etiti tankị nke abụọ, na mmanụ pine na mpụta nke tankị mkpagharị nke abụọ. N'ozuzu, osisi flotation na-ebu ụzọ tinye pH adjusters iji weta slurry na pH kwesịrị ekwesị tupu ekwe ka onye na-anakọta na onye na-egbochi ya rụọ ọrụ nke ọma. Mgbe ị na-agbakwunye reagents, ọ dị mkpa ka ị mara maka okwu nke ụfọdụ ion na-emerụ ahụ na-akpata adịghị arụ ọrụ reagent. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ion ọla kọpa na-emeghachi omume na ion hydride nwere ike iduga adịghị arụ ọrụ nke hydrides. Na nkewa ọla kọpa-sulfur, ọ bụrụ na enwere ọtụtụ ions ọla kọpa na tankị na-akpali akpali, a ghaghị itinye cyanide na tankị na-akpali akpali kama a ga-agbakwunye ya ozugbo n'oge usoro nkewa nkewa.

Usoro mgbakwunye Reagent

The ahụkarị usoro nke reagent mgbakwunye na flotation osisi bụ dị ka ndị a: maka flotation nke raw ore, ọ kwesịrị ịbụ pH adjusters, inhibitors ma ọ bụ activators, frothers, na-anakọta; maka mineral ndị egbochiri n'oge flotation, iwu bụ activators, mkpokọta, na frothers.

Ụzọ mgbakwunye Reagent

Enwere ụzọ abụọ maka ịgbakwunye reagents: mgbakwunye etiti na mgbakwunye gbasasịa. Nhọrọ nke usoro mgbakwunye kwesịrị ịtụle ma ụdị reagent na omume reagents.

1. Mgbakwụnye etiti: Ọtụtụ reagents na-agbakwunyere centrally; dịka ọmụmaatụ, ndị na-anakọta ihe, ndị na-eme ihe, na ndị na-emechi ihe na-agbakwunye na tankị na-akpali akpali.

2. Mgbakwụnye gbasasịrị: Enwere ike ịgbakwunye ụfọdụ reagents ozugbo n'ime tankị flotation, nke a na-etinyekarị na reagents ndị na-agbanwe agbanwe ma ọ bụ na-enwe mmetụta maka reagents ndị ọzọ. Ọmụmaatụ, ọ bụrụ na flotation reagents na-akpata detrimental mmetụta na ibe (eg, ọjọọ mmetụta nke ngafe sodium sulfide na arụ ọrụ flotation), reagents nwere ike tinye ozugbo na flotation igwe.

mmechi

Site na nhọrọ ziri ezi, nkwadebe, usoro onunu ogwu, na mgbakwunye nke reagents flotation, enwere ike ịkwalite nhazi ịnweta na nyocha ala, na-eme ka izi ezi na arụmọrụ nke ule na nyocha. Ndụmọdụ ndị a na-arụ ọrụ na-achọ inyere ndị na-ahụ maka ụlọ nyocha na ndị injinia na-egwupụta akụ aka ka ha na-eji reagents flotation eme ihe nke ọma, na-eduga na arụmọrụ arụmọrụ ka mma yana nsonaazụ a pụrụ ịdabere na ya.