Ụzọ ise iji kwalite mmetụta nke mkpokoro ọla edo

Ịkpọpụta ihe mkpofu nwere usoro abụọ: ịkpọpụta ihe mkpofu cyanide na ịgbake ọlaedo site na ngwọta ọlaedo dị ime. Ọdịdị nke ịkpọpụta ihe mkpofu cyanide na-emetụta kpọmkwem ọganihu nke ịkpọpụta ihe mkpofu. Ihe ndị a na-akọwapụtakarị akụkụ ise gbasara otu esi eme ka mmetụta nke mwepụ ọlaedo site na ịkpọpụta ihe mkpofu dịkwuo mma.

1. Ngwa nke teknụzụ granulation

N'oge a na-agbapụta ọla edo, ọla ndị nwere nnukwu ụrọ ma ọ bụ nke dị mma - ihe ndị a kụrụ akụ adịghị adabara maka ikpo ọkụ ozugbo ma ọ dị mkpa pretreatment granulation pretreatment iji melite permeability ikuku nke ikpo ọla. Ịgwọ granulation pretreatment nwere ike mụbaa ọnụego leaching nke ọla edo na, n'ọtụtụ oge, na-ebuli ọnụego ntanye ọla edo nke ukwuu. Dabere n'ọnọdụ ahụ, a ga-enwe ike ịmegharị ọla ahụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu, ma ọ bụ naanị mma - ọka ma ọ bụ obere granulation nwere ike ime.

Dị ka ihe atụ, na 1991. a gold mine na Xinjiang, China, rụrụ nke kasị ibu - ọnụ ọgụgụ (24.000 ton) granulation obo leaching maka oge mbụ. Ejiri ụbọchị 35 dị mkpụmkpụ nke ntachi obi ma e jiri ya tụnyere ikpokọta mkpokọ ozugbo, yana ọnụego leaching mụbara site na 49.69% ruo 81.5%.

2. Na-emeziwanye ikike nke ikpo ahịhịa na ngwọta

Piling bụ akụkụ dị mkpa nke usoro ikpokọta ọla edo. Okpokoro ọla niile kwesịrị inwe ikike yiri nke ahụ ka ịzenarị ọwa ma ọ bụ mgbochi mpaghara. Ya mere, a na-atụ aro ka iji arc dị elu - ekara ihe nrụpụta ọla ọhụrụ ma nabata usoro nke "segmented stacking, cross - spraying, and multi- stage counter - current leaching". Mgbe ahụ, gbanye ikuku n'ime obo ọla ma dọba ọkpọkọ nchịkọta mmiri mmiri iji mee ka ikuku ikuku nke ikpo mmanụ na-esi na ya dịkwuo mma.

Ọtụtụ mgbe, a ga-etinye ngwaọrụ ndị na-eme ka ikuku oxygen banye n'oge ikpokọta iji meziwanye ikuku ikuku na nkwụsị nke ikpo.

Dị ka ihe atụ, n'ebe a na-ekpokọta ihe, a na-eli osisi nshịkọ, akpa achara, wdg. Mgbe ịsachara ahụ ruo oge ụfọdụ, a na-ewepụta ihe ndị a e liri iji mee ka ọ dị mma maka ịcha ọla edo. Ma ọ bụ, mgbe ikpo ọkụ gachara ruo oge ụfọdụ, a na-eme ihe mgbawa na-adịghị mma nke mpaghara na mmiri - akụkụ ndị a na-akwakọba, nke nwekwara ike ịtọpụ ikpo ọla ma melite permeability.

Nsonaazụ nyocha sitere na Institutelọ Ọrụ Nnyocha Hazen dị na United States na-egosi na ịba ụba ikuku oxygen n'ime obo ọla nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị na-ebelata okirikiri ịhịa ahụ site n'ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ otu ụzọ n'ụzọ atọ kamakwa ịbawanye ọnụego ntanye ọla edo.

3. Ịnọgide na-enwe ọ̀tụ̀tụ̀ okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị

Usoro cyanidation nwere ihe dị elu chọrọ maka okpomọkụ. Ya mere, n'ọnọdụ ihu igwe oyi, isi ihe na-egbochi ikpo ọkụ bụ okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ. Mgbe ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị ala karịa 10ºC, ọnụego mgbasa nke ọla edo ga-ada nke ọma. Iji mebie oke okpomoku ma gbatịa oge mkpori mmiri, ihe ngwọta ahụ kwesịrị ikpo ọkụ tupu ịsa mmiri wee ziga ya na ikpo ọla.

Ụfọdụ ogbunigwe ndị dị na Canada na-eji ikpo ọkụ na-ekpofu ihe na-ekpo ọkụ, si otú ahụ na-agbatị oge nkwụsị nke ikpo ọkụ. Ebe Richmond Hill Gold Mine dị na South Dakota, USA, na-eji mmiri mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-amịpụta n'ime ahụ iji nweta mmepụta na-aga n'ihu n'oge oyi.

4. Ngwa nke ntapu mmiri

Ịgba ogbugba mmiri n'ubi na ntapu mmiri bụ ụzọ abụọ dị iche iche nkesa mmiri dị iche iche n'ime usoro ikpochapu mmiri, nke abụọ nwere ike ịmepụta mmetụta nkesa mmiri dị otu.

Otú ọ dị, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ihe mgbaze na usoro ịgbasa adịghị mfe ịchịkwa, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ntanye adịghị mfe ịbawanye, ma n'otu oge ahụ, obere cyanide - nwere ụmụ irighiri mmiri na-efesa n'ime ikuku dị mfe ịgbasa na imetọ gburugburu ebe obibi. Iji belata oriri ume ma mee ka ọnụ ọgụgụ leaching dịkwuo elu, enwere ike ịnakwere usoro mmiri mmiri mmiri.

Uru nke ntapu ogbugba mmiri n'ubi

• Ịgba mmiri mmiri nwere ike ime ka ikuku ikuku dị na ngwọta ya, ya bụ, ikuku oxygen na-ekere òkè na mmeghachi omume kemịkal na-abawanye, si otú ahụ na-abawanye ọrụ nke ọdịda ọla edo.

• Ịgba mmiri mmiri nke ọma nwere ike ijikwa mkpokọta nke ihe ngwọta cyanide ma belata mfu nke sodium cyanide n'ikuku.

• Mgbasa mmiri nke ntapu dị mfe ịgbakwunye akụrụngwa na-achịkwa okpomọkụ iji nweta ebumnuche ịbawanye okpomọkụ nke mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ nke ikpo ọkụ.

• Mgbasa mmiri nke ntapu nwere oke akpaaka, nrụpụta dị elu, yana ọnụ ahịa nrụpụta dị obere.

5. Iji ihe enyemaka nzacha

Dị ka ihe mgbakwunye, a na-agbakwunye ihe enyemaka leaching na cyanide - leached pulp. N'otu aka ahụ, ọ nwere ike ịbawanye kọntaktị n'etiti cyanide na ọla edo; N'aka nke ọzọ, ọ nwere ike iwepụ ma ọ bụ mebie mmetụta nke ihe adịghị ọcha na-emerụ ahụ na cyanide leaching nke ọla edo, si otú ahụ na-eme ka mgbasa na leaching mmetụta nke leaching enyemaka na gold, n'ikpeazụ ibelata mmepụta ihe na imeziwanye uru akụ na ụba nke ụlọ ọrụ.

Ihe enyemaka a na-agbakwunye na leaching n'oge usoro ikpokọta ikpo ọkụ na-agụnye oxidants, ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ, ihe ndị na-ekpo ọkụ, wdg.

• Ịgbakwunye oxygen - nwere oxidants (H₂O₂, CaO₂, Na₂O₂, wdg) n'oge usoro cyanide leaching nwere ike ịbawanye "oxygen na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma" na pulp, si otú ahụ na-eme ka mmetụta nke ọla edo dịkwuo mma.

• Ịgbakwunye onye na-edozi mmiri kwesịrị ekwesị ma ọ bụ ihe na-eme ka ọ dị mma na ngwọta cyanide na-enyere aka ịbanye na ngwọta cyanide ma na-akwalite mmeghachi omume n'etiti ngwọta cyanide na ọla edo mkpuchi.

6. Mmechi

Isiokwu a tụlere n'ụzọ bụ́ isi n'usoro ikpokọta mkpọ ebe a na-egwupụta ọla edo. Usoro ikpokọta mkpokoro ahụ nwere njiri mara akụrụngwa dị mfe, ọrụ dị mma, yana ọrụ ohere akụ na ụba, nke ọtụtụ ndị nwe m ọla edo na-anabata. Otú ọ dị, mmetụta mmịpụta ọla edo nke usoro ikpocha ihe na-emetụta ọtụtụ akụkụ. A na-atụ aro ka ndị nwe ogbunigwe chepụta atụmatụ ịchịkọta ihe ezi uche dị na ya site na atụmatụ atụmatụ sayensị. Nwalee ma họrọ akụrụngwa ikpo ọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị, yana enwere ike ime mgbanwe dịka ọnọdụ ụlọ ọrụ ahụ si dị na isi ihe ise ndị a:

• Ngwa nke nkà na ụzụ granulation na ore na mma - akara akara ma ọ bụ ụrọ dị elu na ikuku ikuku na-adịghị mma.

• Ịkwalite permeability nke ikpo ore na ngwọta.

• Na-edobe okpomọkụ leaching kwesịrị ekwesị.

• Ngwa nke ntapu ogbugba mmiri n'ubi.

• Ngwa nke enyemaka nzacha.

Ọ bụrụ na ị nwere mmasị na usoro ikpo ọkụ, biko hapụ ozi ka anyị na anyị kparịta ụka ma ọ bụ kpọtụrụ ndị ahịa anyị n'ịntanetị, anyị ga-akpọtụrụ gị ozugbo enwere ike.