Iji Carbon arụ ọrụ iji wepụ Cyanide efu (CN-) na mmiri mmiri

Okwu Mmalite

Mmiri mkpofu ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na-enwekarị ọtụtụ ihe ndị na-egbu egbu, nke gụnyere Free cyanide (CN−) dị oke mkpa n'ihi oke nsị ya. Ọbụna na obere doses, cyanide nwere ike igbu mmadụ, na-eme ka ọgwụgwọ nke mmiri mkpofu nwere ya bụrụ okwu dị oke mkpa gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi. E nwere iwu siri ike iji chịkwaa mwepụ nke cyanide - nke nwere mmiri mkpofu, nke na-achọ ọ bụghị naanị imezu ihe achọrọ dị ka ọkọlọtọ kamakwa iji weghachite ọtụtụ cyanide dịka o kwere mee site na ọdụ na ihe mkpofu ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe. Carbon arụ ọrụ apụtala dị ka ihe na-ekwe nkwa iwepụ cyanide efu na mmiri mkpofu, isiokwu a ga-enyochakwa ojiji ya, usoro ya, na ihe ndị na-emetụta ya nke ọma.

Isi mmalite nke Cyanide na Wastewater

Cyanide dị elu n'ime mmiri mkpofu na-esite na usoro mmepụta ihe dị ka electroplating, cyanide - mmịpụta ọla edo, ịsacha gas na mmiri jụrụ oyi n'ime oven coke na ọkụ gbawara, yana ụfọdụ kemịkalụ, nhazi mineral, roba sịntetik, eriri, na ụlọ ọrụ ịcha akwa. Ntụnye cyanide na mmiri mkpofu ndị a nwere ike ịdị site na 1 - 180 mg / l ma ọ bụ karịa.

Usoro nke Carbon arụnyere n'ọrụ na-ewepụ Cyanide efu

Adsorption anụ ahụ

Kabọn a na-arụ ọrụ nwere nnukwu oghere dị elu na nnukwu mpaghara elu, nke na-adịkarị site na 500 ruo 3000 m²/g. Nhazi anụ ahụ a na-enye ya ikike siri ike nke ịmịnye anụ ahụ. Enwere ike itinye ion Cyanide dị na mmiri mkpofu n'elu Carbon Activated site na ike van der Waals. Oke elu ahụ buru ibu na-enye ọtụtụ ebe mmịnye anụ, na-enye ohere maka ijide cyanide efu nke ọma.

Kemịkalụ Adsorption na Catalytic Oxidation

Na mgbakwunye na mgbasa ozi anụ ahụ, carbon na-arụ ọrụ nwekwara ike itinye aka na mmeghachi omume kemịkal. Mgbe carbon a na-arụ ọrụ na-eme ka ikuku oxygen na mmiri dị n'ime mmiri mkpofu, ọ nwere ike ịmepụta hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) n'elu ya, na carbon arụnyere n'onwe ya na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ihe na-akpali akpali. N'ebe nnu ọla kọpa dị, H₂O₂ na-emepụta nwere ike oxidize na decompose cyanide. Usoro mmeghachi omume bụ nke a:

1. Ọgbọ nke H₂O₂: A na-etinye oxygen na mmiri n'elu carbon arụ ọrụ iji mepụta H₂O₂.

2. Oxidation nke cyanide: Cyanide bụ oxidized site H₂O₂ n'okpuru catalytic edinam nke ọla kọpa salts, na-akpata na ire ere nke cyanide n'ime obere emerụ ihe.

Ihe ndị na-emetụta mwepu arụmọrụ nke Carbon arụ ọrụ

Ntụnye Cyanide izizi

Ka ọkwa mbụ nke cyanide n'efu dị na mmiri mkpofu dị elu, otú ahụ ka ọ na-esiwanye ike maka mgbasa ozi. Otú ọ dị, dị ka ike mgbasa ozi nke carbon na-arụ ọrụ na-ejedebe, mgbe ntinye mbụ karịrị otu uru, nrụpụta mwepụ nwere ike ọ gaghị abawanye n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị. N'ime nnyocha ụfọdụ, achọpụtara na site na mmụba nke ntinye uche nke mbụ nke cyanide, ọnụọgụ cyanide a na-etinye n'otu akụkụ nke carbon arụnyere na-ebu ụzọ na-abawanye wee gbapụ.

pH Uru

Uru pH nke mmiri mkpofu na-emetụta nke ukwuu mgbasa nke cyanide site na carbon arụ ọrụ. N'ozuzu, n'okpuru ọnọdụ acidic, ikike mgbasa ozi nke carbon na-arụ ọrụ maka cyanide dị ntakịrị. Ka uru pH na-abawanye, ikike mgbasa ozi na-abawanye nke nta nke nta. Mgbe pH dị na oke alkaline, karịsịa n'elu 11. mwepụ nke cyanide nwere ike iru karịa 95% n'ime nkeji 30 n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ. Nke a bụ n'ihi na nkọwa nke cyanide na ngwọta na-agbanwe na pH, na ọdịdị nke ion cyanide na-eme ka mgbasa ozi na carbon na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru ọnọdụ alkaline.

okpomọkụ

Mgbasa ozi nke cyanide site na carbon arụ ọrụ bụ usoro exothermic. Ka okpomọkụ na-ebili, ikike mgbasa ozi na-ebelatakarị. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ihe gbasara ọla kọpa - carbon arụrụ arụ ọrụ, mgbe agwakọtara ya na ngwọta cyanide, mmetụta adsorption nke cyanide na-ebelata na okpomọkụ na-abawanye. Nke a bụ n'ihi na mmụba nke okpomọkụ na-akwalite desorption nke ihe adsorbed sitere na elu nke carbon na-arụ ọrụ.

Oge mkpali

Oge mkpali zuru oke dị mkpa iji hụ na cyanide dị na mmiri mkpofu nwere kọntaktị zuru oke na carbon arụ ọrụ. Na mbido mbụ, ka oge na-akpali akpali na-abawanye, mwepụ nke cyanide na-abawanye ngwa ngwa. Otú ọ dị, mgbe ị rutere n'oge ụfọdụ, ọnụego mwepụ ahụ na-eme ka ọ kwụsie ike, na-egosi na usoro mgbasa ozi ahụ erutela nha.

Ngwa nke Carbon arụnyere n'ọrụ na ọgwụgwọ Cyanide - mmiri mkpofu nwere

Na ụlọ ọrụ Ngwuputa ọla edo

N'ebe a na-egwupụta ọla edo, ọkachasị n'ime usoro mmịpụta ọla edo dabere na cyanide, a na-emepụta nnukwu mmiri mkpofu nwere cyanide. Enwere ike iji carbon arụ ọrụ wepụ cyanide n'efu na mmiri mkpofu a. Na mgbakwunye na mwepụ cyanide, carbon arụ ọrụ nwekwara ike ịgbasa ọla edo - cyanide complexes (dị ka Au(CN)₂⁻) n'ime mmiri mkpofu. Enwere ike ịhazi ụlọ ndị cyanide ọla edo a gbasasịrị agbado iji nwetaghachi ọla edo, na-enweta ma nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi yana mgbake akụrụngwa.

Na Electroplating Industry

Osisi eletrọnịkị na-ejikarị cyanide - nwere ihe ngwọta n'ime usoro ịkwa akwa, na-ebute cyanide - mmiri mkpofu emetọ. Ọgwụgwọ carbon arụ ọrụ nwere ike ibelata ọdịnaya cyanide n'ime mmiri mkpofu nke ọma iji mezuo ụkpụrụ mwepụ. E jiri ya tụnyere ụfọdụ usoro ọgwụgwọ ọdịnala, dị ka alkaline chlorination, ọgwụgwọ carbon arụ ọrụ nwere uru nke mmetọ nke obere nke abụọ na ikike nke mgbake akụrụngwa.

Tụnyere usoro ọgwụgwọ ndị ọzọ

Alkaline chlorination

Nhicha chlorine nke alkaline bụ ụzọ e si ebibi cyanides n'ime mmiri mkpofu. Ọ na-eji ihe ndị nwere chlorine dịka gas chlorine, mmiri chlorine, ma ọ bụ ntụ ọcha iji mee ka cyanide ghọọ carbon dioxide na-adịghị egbu egbu (CO₂) na nitrogen (N₂). Agbanyeghị, usoro a nwere ike imepụta ngwaahịa ndị na-emerụ ahụ, usoro ọrụ ahụ chọrọ njikwa siri ike nke dose chlorine na ọnọdụ mmeghachi omume. N'ụzọ dị iche, ọgwụgwọ carbon a na-arụ ọrụ bụ nhọrọ kacha mma maka gburugburu ebe obibi yana ikike ịhọrọ itinye cyanide ma nwee ike weghachite ọla bara uru.

Hydrogen peroxide Oxidation

A pụkwara iji oxidation hydrogen peroxide belata mkpokọta cyanide na mmiri mkpofu. Ọ nwere ike oxidize cyanide ka ọ dị ala - toxicity larịị. Otú ọ dị, hydrogen peroxide bụ reagent dị oke ọnụ, na usoro ahụ nwere ike ịchọ mgbakwunye na-aga n'ihu nke reagents, na-abawanye ọnụ ahịa ọgwụgwọ. N'aka nke ọzọ, carbon arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ kwụsiri ike ozugbo ahọpụtara ya nke ọma ma jiri ya mee ihe, enwere ike ịtụle ịmaliteghachi ya iji belata ọnụ ahịa.

Ọdịnihu

Mmepe nke Carbon arụnyere arụ ọrụ

Iji meziwanye arụmọrụ nke carbon arụ ọrụ n'iwepụ cyanide efu, a na-eme nyocha na carbon arụrụ arụ ọrụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, itinye carbon na-arụ ọrụ na ọla dị iche iche (dịka ọla kọpa, ígwè, wdg) nwere ike ịkwalite ikike oxidation catalytic ya maka cyanide. Enwere ike ịhazi carbon dị iche iche na-arụ ọrụ nke ọla dị iche iche dabere na njirimara nke mmiri mkpofu iji nweta mmetụta ọgwụgwọ ka mma.

Usoro ọgwụgwọ ejikọtara ọnụ

Ijikọta ọgwụgwọ carbon a na-arụ ọrụ na ụzọ ọgwụgwọ ndị ọzọ bụkwa ihe a na-emekarị. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ijikọta mmịpụta carbon a na-arụ ọrụ na ọgwụgwọ bayọlọji nwere ike ibu ụzọ jiri carbon a na-arụ ọrụ belata oke cyanide dị na mmiri mkpofu ruo n'ọkwa dabara adaba maka ọgwụgwọ bayọlọji, wee jiri obere nje mee ka ọ gbazee ma wepụ ihe ndị ọzọ metụtara cyanide. Usoro a jikọtara ọnụ nwere ike iji ike nke ụzọ ọgwụgwọ dị iche iche mee ihe ma nweta ọgwụgwọ mmiri mkpofu dị irè ma zuru oke.

mmechi

Carbon arụnyere arụ ọrụ na-egosi nnukwu ike na mwepụ nke cyanide efu (CN-) na mmiri mkpofu. Site na mgbasa ozi anụ ahụ na mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ, ọ nwere ike belata ọdịnaya cyanide nke ọma na mmiri ahịhịa, na-ezute ụkpụrụ mwepu gburugburu ebe obibi na ọbụna na-enyere aka nwetaghachi akụ n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ. Ọ bụ ezie na a ka nwere akụkụ ụfọdụ nke kwesịrị imeziwanye, dị ka imeziwanye arụmọrụ adsorption na ibelata ọnụ ahịa, na mmepe na-aga n'ihu nke nyocha banyere mgbanwe mgbanwe carbon arụ ọrụ na usoro ọgwụgwọ jikọtara ọnụ, carbon na-arụ ọrụ ga-arụ ọrụ na-arịwanye elu na ọgwụgwọ nke cyanide - nwere mmiri mkpofu n'ọdịnihu.