Na-ebuli arụmọrụ nke sodium Cyanide na Vat Leaching

Okwu Mmalite

Vat leaching bụ usoro dị oke mkpa na ụlọ ọrụ Ngwuputa, ọkachasị maka ịwepụta ọla bara uru dịka ọla edo sitere na ọla ndị dị ala. Sodium cyanide na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na usoro a ka ọ na-emepụta mgbagwoju anya na ọla edo, na-enye ohere maka mgbasa ya na mgbake na-esote. Otú ọ dị, arụmọrụ nke sodium cyanide na vat leaching nwere ike imetụta ọtụtụ ihe. Ịmepụta ihe ndị a dị mkpa ọ bụghị naanị iji kwalite ọnụego mgbake ígwè kamakwa iji belata ụgwọ ọrụ yana ibelata mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi jikọtara ya na iji kemịkal a na-egbu egbu.

Ọrụ Sodium Cyanide na Vat Leaching

N'ime mmiri ara ehi, sodium cyanide na-emekọrịta ihe na ọla edo n'ihu ikuku oxygen na mmiri. Cyanide ion n'ime sodium cyanide jikọta ya na atom ọla edo, na-atụgharị ọla edo ka ọ bụrụ ngwakọta mgbagwoju anya soluble. Enwere ike kewapụ ụdị ọla edo a na-agbaze na matriks ore wee hazie ya ọzọ iji nweta ọla edo dị ọcha.

Ihe na-emetụta arụmọrụ Sodium Cyanide na Vat Leaching

Njirimara ore

1. Ngwunye akụkụ: Ogo nke irighiri ihe ore na-emetụta arụmọrụ leaching. Ihe ndị dị nta na-enye ebe dị elu maka mmeghachi omume n'etiti sodium cyanide na ọla edo na-ebu mineral. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọ bụrụ na a gwepịaghị ọla ahụ nke ọma nke ọma, ngwọta cyanide nwere ike ọ gaghị enwe ike ịbanye nke ọma, na-ahapụ nnukwu ọla edo ka ọ ghara ime ya. Nnyocha egosila na ibelata urughuru ọla edo - ibu ores site na obere mkpirisi ka ọ bụrụ nke kacha mma nwere ike ịbawanye ọnụego mgbasa ọla edo dị ukwuu. Ụmụ irighiri ihe dị mma na-enye ohere maka mgbasa ngwa ngwa na nke zuru oke ma e jiri ya tụnyere ụmụ irighiri ihe.

2. Mkpụrụ ọgwụ: Ọnụnọ nke ụfọdụ mineral nwere ike ịkwalite ma ọ bụ gbochie usoro ịsa ahụ. Nri dị ka pyrite na arsenopyrite nwere ike iri oxygen na cyanide, na-ebelata nnweta reagents ndị a maka mmeghachi omume ọla edo - cyanide. N'aka nke ọzọ, ụfọdụ mineral gangue nwere ike inwe mmetụta na-akpali akpali, na-akwalite mgbasa nke ọla edo. Na mgbakwunye, ihe omume ọla edo dị n'ime ọla ahụ, ma ọ bụ n'efu - igwe nri (dị mfe ịtọhapụ) ma ọ bụ kpuchie n'ime mineral ndị ọzọ, na-emetụta nnweta ọla edo na ngwọta cyanide. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọla edo nke etinyere na mineral sulfide nwere ike ịchọ ọgwụgwọ tupu oge eruo, dị ka ịhịa aka n'ahụ ma ọ bụ bio-oxidation, iji kpughee ọla edo ma melite arụmọrụ leaching.

Usoro Usoro

1. Ntụkwasị Cyanide: Ịnọgide na-enwe mkpokọta cyanide kwesịrị ekwesị dị oke mkpa. Ntụnye uche dị ala nwere ike ọ gaghị enye ion cyanide zuru oke iji meghachi omume na ọla edo niile dịnụ, na-ebute ntachi obi na-ezughị ezu. N'aka nke ọzọ, ntinye uche dị elu nke ukwuu nwere ike iduga n'ichepụta ihe ndị a na-achọghị - ngwaahịa, dị ka metal - cyanide complexes na ndị ọzọ na-abụghị - bara uru ọla na ore, na-abawanye na-eri na gburugburu ebe obibi ize ndụ. Ihe kachasị mma nke cyanide na-adịgasị iche dabere n'ụdị ọla na ọnụnọ nke mineral na-etinye aka. N'ozuzu, maka ọla ọla edo a na-ahụkarị, a na-eji ọnụọgụ ịta cyanide dị iche iche na ọkwa dị iche iche nke leaching iji dozie arụmọrụ na ọnụ ahịa.

2. Njikwa pH: pH nke ngwọta leaching nwere mmetụta dị ukwuu na nkwụsi ike nke cyanide na mmeghachi omume leaching. Cyanide adịghị eguzosi ike n'ihe n'ọnọdụ acid, ọ pụkwara ire ere ka ọ ghọọ hydrogen cyanide gas na-egbu egbu nke ukwuu. Iji gbochie nke a, a na-edobe pH nke ngwọta leaching na nso nke 10-11 na-eji wayo ma ọ bụ ihe ndị ọzọ alkaline reagents. N'ebe pH a dị, cyanide na-anọgide n'ụdị ionic ya, na-enyere aka ịmepụta ọla edo - cyanide complex. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, gburugburu alkaline nwekwara ike inye aka n'ịgbasa ụfọdụ mineral ndị nwere ike igbochi usoro nsị.

3. okpomọkụ: Ọnụego mmeghachi omume cyanidation bụ okpomọkụ-dabere. Okpomọkụ dị elu n'ozuzu na-abawanye ọnụego mmeghachi omume, mana na omume, ịnọgide na-enwe oke okpomọkụ nwere ike ịdị oke ọnụ ma nwee ike iduga n'ịba ụba nke cyanide. N'ebe oyi na-atụ, okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ nwere ike ịbụ ihe na-egbochi ya. N'okpuru 10 Celsius C, ọnụego mgbasa ọla edo na-ada nke ọma. Ụfọdụ ogbunigwe ndị dị na Canada ejiriwo ikpo ọkụ na-ekpofu ihe na-ekpo ọkụ, nke na-abụghị nanị na-enyere aka imebi oke okpomọkụ kamakwa na-agbatị oge ịcha mmiri.

4. Nnweta oxygen: Oxygen bụ ihe dị mkpa na-emeghachi omume na usoro cyanidation ka ọ na-eme ka ọla edo na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ọla edo - cyanide complex. Ịnweta oxygen zuru oke nwere ike ime ka ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ntachi ahụ dịkwuo elu. Ịwụnye ngwaọrụ ndị na-eme ka ntinye nke ikuku oxygen dị ka ikuku - sistemu injection, n'oge a na-ewu vat nwere ike imeziwanye permeability nke ore - cyanide ngwọta ngwakọta ma na-abawanye ọsọ ọsọ. Nnyocha nke Ụlọ Ọrụ Hazen dị na United States egosila na ịba ụba ikuku oxygen na ikpo ọla (nke a pụrụ itinye n'echiche maka vat leaching) nwere ike ọ bụghị nanị na-ebelata oge ịhịa ahụ kamakwa ọ na-abawanye ọnụego nkwụsị nke ọla edo.

Oge nkuzi

The oge ezumike bụ ihe ọzọ dị mkpa. Achọrọ oge zuru oke maka cyanide iji meghachi omume na ọla edo niile dị. Agbanyeghị, ogologo oge nlegharị anya karịrị akarị nwere ike bụrụ enweghị akụ na ụba yana nwekwara ike iduga n'ichepụta ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ. Oge nkwụsị kacha mma na-adabere n'ihe ndị dị ka oke urughuru ore, ntinye cyanide, na okpomọkụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ ebe ọla dị mma - ọka na ọnọdụ usoro ahụ dị mma - kachasị mma, oge nkwụsịtụ nwere ike belata nke ukwuu ma e jiri ya tụnyere coarser - grained ore ma ọ bụ sub - ọnọdụ kachasị mma.

Atụmatụ kachasị mma

Ọgwụgwọ ore

1. Ịzọpịa na-egweri: Iji hụ na nha urughuru kwesịrị ekwesị, a ga-eji nlezianya gwerie ya ma gbadaa. Iji elu ngwepịa na egweri ngwá nwere ike inyere nweta a ọzọ edo urughuru size nkesa, na-amụba elu ebe dị maka cyanide - gold mmeghachi omume.

2. Ọgwụgwọ tupu ọgwụgwọ maka refractory oreN'ihi na refractory ore nwere ọla edo ekpuchiri na sulfide ma ọ bụ mineral ndị ọzọ, tupu usoro ọgwụgwọ dị ka rie nri, bio-oxidation, ma ọ bụ nrụgide oxidation nwere ike n'ọrụ. Iri nri nwere ike ịkụda mineral sulfide, na-ahapụ ọla edo ahụ etinyere ma mee ka ọ dịkwuo mfe ịnweta ngwọta cyanide. Bio-oxidation na-eji microorganisms oxidize nke mineral sulfide, ihe ọzọ na-amasị gburugburu ebe obibi maka ịsa anụ n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ.

Usoro Njikwa

1. Nleba anya na ịhazigharị mkpokọta Cyanide: Na-aga n'ihu na-enyocha ntinye nke cyanide na ngwọta leaching site na iji usoro nyocha dị ka titration ma ọ bụ ion - electrodes họrọ. Dabere na nsonaazụ nleba anya, gbanwee ọnụego mgbakwunye cyanide ka ọ nọgide na-etinye uche kacha mma n'oge usoro nlegharị anya.

2. Nleba anya na mmezi pH: Jiri mita pH tụọ pH mgbe niile ma tinye lime ma ọ bụ reagents alkaline ndị ọzọ ka ọ dị mkpa iji dowe pH n'ime oke 10-11 kacha mma.

3. okpomọkụ Control: N'ọnọdụ ebe okpomọkụ bụ ihe na-amachi, tụlee iji usoro kpo oku ma ọ bụ jụrụ oyi iji nọgide na-enwe okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị maka mmeghachi omume leaching. Nke a nwere ike ịdị mkpa karịsịa na mpaghara nwere oke ihu igwe.

4. Nkwalite nnweta oxygen: Gbaa mbọ hụ na ọ na-enye oxygen zuru oke ma na-agbanwe agbanwe na sistemu leaching. Enwere ike nweta nke a site na iji ikuku dị mma - sistemu injection ma ọ bụ site n'ịgbakwụnye oxygen - na-ahapụ ogige dị ka hydrogen peroxide na ngwọta leaching. Otú ọ dị, ekwesịrị ịkpachara anya mgbe ị na-eji hydrogen peroxide n'ihi na ọ pụkwara imeghachi omume na cyanide ma ọ bụrụ na ejighị ya nke ọma.

Mgbakwunye Enyemaka Leaching

Enwere ike ịgbakwunye ihe enyemaka leaching na cyanide leaching slurry iji kwalite arụmọrụ. Ihe enyemaka nlegharị anya nke a na-ahụkarị gụnyere ihe ndị na-eme oxidizing, ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ, na ihe ndị na-ewe iwe mmiri. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịgbakwụnye oxygen - nke nwere ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ọ dị na cyanide leaching usoro nwere ike ịbawanye ikuku oxygen na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na slurry, na-eme ka ọ dị mma. Ndị na-eme mmiri mmiri nwere ike inyere ngwọta cyanide aka ka ọ banye n'ime ihe ndị dị na ore, karịsịa n'ihe banyere mmanụ hydrophobic.

mmechi

Ịkwalite ịrụ ọrụ nke sodium cyanide na vat leaching bụ ọrụ dị mgbagwoju anya ma dị oke mkpa na ụlọ ọrụ Ngwuputa. Site na iji nlezianya tụlee ma na-achịkwa ihe ndị dị ka njirimara ore, ọnọdụ usoro, na oge nkwụsịtụ, na site n'itinye atụmatụ kachasị mma nke ọma, ọ ga-ekwe omume imeziwanye mgbake nke ọla bara uru, belata oriri kemịkal, na ibelata ihe ize ndụ gburugburu ebe obibi metụtara iji sodium cyanide. Nnyocha na ihe ọhụrụ na-aga n'ihu na mpaghara a dị oke mkpa iji mee ka usoro ịhịa aka n'ahụ vat dịkwuo mma na nke akụ na ụba n'ime ogologo oge.