Nchọgharị nke ụkpụrụ Ogo yana ụzọ nchọpụta nke sodium Cyanide

I. Ihe ndị bụ isi na ngwa nke sodium Cyanide

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) bụ ihe dị mkpa kemịkalụ kemịkalụ kemịkalụ, nke a na-ejikarị n'ubi dịka ọla, electroplating, ọgwụ, na njikọ organic. Ngwaahịa ya dị ọcha dị n'ụdị kristal ọcha ma ọ bụ ntụ ntụ, nke na-agbaze nke ukwuu na mmiri ma nwee nsí siri ike na nrụrụ. N'ihi oke oke nsi nke sodium cyanide, ya Quality Control na teknụzụ nchọpụta na-emetụta kpọmkwem na nchekwa mmepụta, Environmental Protection, na ahụike mmadụ.

II. Sistemụ Ọdịmma Sodium Cyanide

1. National Standards (GB)

Nke ugbu a Ụkpụrụ Ogos maka sodium cyanide na China na-tumadi dabere na "GB/T 19306-2003 Industrial Sodium Cyanide". Standardkpụrụ a na-akọwapụta ihe achọrọ teknụzụ, ụzọ nnwale, iwu nyocha, na nkwakọ ngwaahịa, nchekwa na nkọwa ụgbọ njem maka ọkwa ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe. sodium cyanide. Ihe ngosi ndị akọwapụtara bụ ndị a:

Isi ọdịnaya (gbakọrọ dị ka NaCN): ≥ 98.0% (ezigbo ọkwa), ≥ 97.0% (Ọkwa mbụ)

• Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH): ≤ 0.5%

• Sodium Carbonate (Na₂CO₃): ≤ 1.0%

• Ọla dị arọ (gbakọrọ dị ka Pb): ≤ 0.002%

• Ihe na-adịghị edozi n'ime mmiri: ≤ 0.05%

2.Industry Standards na International Specifications

• Ụkpụrụ ụlọ ọrụ dị na ụlọ ọrụ metallurgy (dị ka YS/T 53-2020) na-ebute ihe ndị dị elu chọrọ maka ịdị ọcha na adịghị ọcha nke sodium cyanide, nke na-adabara na ọnọdụ pụrụ iche dị ka mmịpụta ọla edo.

• Standardkpụrụ mba ụwa (dị ka ISO 14649) na-emesi ike ịchọpụta ịdị ọcha na nyocha adịghị ọcha nke sodium cyanide iji gboo mkpa nke nrụpụta dị elu.

III. Ụzọ nchọpụta isi nke sodium Cyanide

Ụzọ nyocha 1.Chemical

• Ụzọ titrate Silver nitrate (Ụzọ mkpezi ikpe):

Jiri nguzobe Ag (CN) ₂⁻ siri ike n'etiti Ag⁺ na CN⁻. Titrate na ọlaọcha nitrate ọkọlọtọ ngwọta na-eji potassium iodide dị ka ihe ngosi. Na njedebe njedebe, a na-emepụta mmiri ozuzo iodide ọlaọcha.

Usoro mmeghachi omume: AgNO₃ + 2NaCN → Na[Ag(CN)₂] + NaNO₃

• Usoro titration nke Acid-Base:

A na-eji ya chọpụta ọdịnaya nke sodium hydroxide. Jiri phenolphthalein dị ka ihe ngosi na titrate na ngwọta ọkọlọtọ hydrochloric acid.

2.Instrumental Analysis Ụzọ

• Ion Chromatography (IC):

Kewapụ CN⁻ site na kọlụm mgbanwe anion wee nweta nchọpụta mmetụta dị oke egwu yana ihe nchọpụta conductivity, nke dabara maka nyocha nke cyanide trace.

• Spectrophotometry:

Dabere na mmeghachi omume n'etiti cyanide na onye na-ahụ maka chromogenic (dị ka isonicotinic acid-pyrazolone) iji mepụta ogige na-acha anụnụ anụnụ, ma chọpụta ọdịnaya site na nha nnabata.

• Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS):

Chọpụta adịghị ọcha ọla dị arọ (dị ka Pb, Cu) wee nweta nkenke ọkwa ppm site na iji teknụzụ atomization ọkụ ma ọ bụ graphite.

3.Ihe nchọpụta ndị ọzọ

• Mkpebi mmiri: Jiri usoro Karl Fischer ma ọ bụ ọnwụ na usoro ihicha.

• Nyocha nha urughuru: Jiri usoro mgbasa laser ma ọ bụ usoro sieving.

IV. Usoro nchọpụta na isi ihe njikwa ogo

1.Sample Ijikwa

• Sodium cyanide bụ ezigbo hygroscopic. Mgbe ị na-eme nlele, jiri akpa kpọrọ nkụ wee chekwaa ya n'ụzọ kpuchiri ekpuchi ka ịzena ọhụhụ na-emetụta nsonaazụ nchoputa.

• Maka ihe nlele na-egbu egbu nke ukwuu, a ga-arụ ọrụ ahụ na mkpuchi uzuzu, ma yikwasị ngwa nchebe (dịka mkpuchi gas na uwe aka).

2.Interference Ihe na Ngwọta

• Ntinye nke Sulfide: Tinye hydrogen peroxide iji kpochapụ mmetụta nke S²⁻.

• gburugburu acidic: Tupu achọpụta, dozie pH nke ngwọta na ọkwa alkaline (pH> 11) iji gbochie mgbanwe nke HCN.

3.Quality Control Measures

• Hazie ngwa ndị ahụ (dị ka ion chromatographs na itule) mgbe niile.

• Jiri ihe ntụnye aka gbaara agba (CRM) maka nkwenye mgbake (chọrọ ka ọ bụrụ 95%-105%).

• Mee mkpebi nkwekọ nke mmadụ abụọ, yana ngbanwe nke nsonaazụ kwesịrị ịbụ ≤ 0.3%.

V. Ihe nchekwa nchekwa na ihe nchekwa gburugburu ebe obibi chọrọ

1.Operation nkọwa

• Ekwesịrị ịchekwa ngwọta cyanide sodium n'ime ebe gbara ọchịchịrị iji zere ire ere nke gas HCN n'ihi ìhè.

• Maka ọgwụgwọ nke mmiri mkpofu, gbakwunye oke sodium hypochlorite ma ọ bụ hydrogen peroxide iji oxidize na decompose cyanide na nchekwa nchekwa (CN⁻ ≤ 0.5 mg / L).

2.Ekwenye na Iwu

• Dị ka "Iwu maka Nchekwa Nchekwa nke Chemicals dị ize ndụ" na China, a ga-emejuputa usoro nchịkwa "Ise Doubles" (nnata na izipu mmadụ abụọ, njide mmadụ abụọ, wdg) maka sodium cyanide.

• Ụlọ nyocha nchọpụta ahụ kwesịrị ịgafe asambodo CMA iji hụ na ọ dị irè n'iwu nke data.

VI. Ọdịnihu mmepe mmepe n'ọdịnihu

1. Teknụzụ nchọpụta akpaaka: Jikọta online nso-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) na igwe mmụta iji nweta nlekota oge nke usoro mmepụta.

2. Ụzọ nchọpụta akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ: Zụlite usoro nnu na-enweghị mercury iji belata mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi.

3. Teknụzụ nyocha trace: A na-eji mmiri chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) arụ ọrụ dị elu maka ịchọpụta adịghị ọcha ọkwa ọkwa ppb.

mmechi

Njikwa mma nke sodium cyanide bụ isi njikọ iji hụ na ngwa ya dị mma. Site ọkọlọtọ Zọ nchọpụtas na usoro njikwa mma siri ike, enwere ike ibelata ihe egwu mmepụta ihe nke ọma, enwere ike ịkwalite ụlọ ọrụ ahụ ka ọ zụlite na akwụkwọ ndụ akwụkwọ ndụ na ọgụgụ isi. N'ọdịnihu, na ihe ọhụrụ nke teknụzụ nchọpụta, a ga-emeziwanye ụkpụrụ nke sodium cyanide, na-enye nkwado a pụrụ ịdabere na ya maka mpaghara mmepụta ihe dị elu.