Mmetụta nke mineral ndị ejikọtara na usoro ịhịa aka n'ahụ Cyanide

Okwu Mmalite

Cyanide leaching bụ usoro a na-ejikarị ewepụta ọlaedo na ọlaọcha site na ọla. Agbanyeghị, ọnụnọ nke ọtụtụ mineral ndị metụtara ya na ọla ahụ nwere ike imetụta arụmọrụ na ịdị irè nke usoro a nke ukwuu. Ịghọta mmetụta ndị a dị oke mkpa maka ime ka ọrụ leaching cyanide ka mma ma melite mgbake nke ọla bara uru.

Iron mineral

Pyrite

Pyrite bụ ihe a na-ahụkarị n'ime ihe ndị na-eme ka ọla edo nwee ígwè - sulfide. N'oge a na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịdị ọcha, mgbe pyrite dị n'ime ihe ndị na-adịghị ọcha, enwere ike ime ka ọ dị ka ferrous sulfate. Ferrous sulfate a na-emeghachi omume na cyanide iji mepụta ferrocyanate. Mmeghachi omume a na-eri nnukwu Sodium Cyanide , nke bụ ihe dị mkpa maka ịcha ọlaedo. Ọzọkwa, site na ọrụ nke lime na ikuku, pyrite nwekwara ike ịgbanwe ghọọ sulfide na-agbaze agbaze, colloidal sulfur, ma ọ bụ thiosulfate. Usoro mgbanwe a na-eji oxygen eme ihe, nke dị mkpa maka mgbasa nke ọlaedo na sistemụ ịcha ọcha cyanide. N'ozuzu, nke a nwere mmetụta ọjọọ na arụmọrụ ịcha ọlaedo.

Pyrrhotite

Pyrrhotite bụ ígwè ọzọ - sulfide ịnweta nke na-emetụta cyanide leaching. Ọ na-emeghachi ngwa ngwa na cyanide iji mepụta thiocyanate. Na mgbakwunye, sulfate ferrous nke sitere na oxidation na-emeghachi omume na cyanide iji mepụta ferrocyanate. Nnyocha egosiwo na pyrrhotite nwere ike ime ka mbelata dị ukwuu na ọla edo - ọnụego mgbasa, dịka ọmụmaatụ, belata ya site na 28.1% n'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ. Ọ na-ebutekwa mmụba dị ukwuu na oriri cyanide, na-ejikarị ya okpukpu anọ.

Ọla kọpa mineral

Chalcopyrite na chalcocite

Ọla kọpa dị ka chalcopyrite na chalcocite nwere mmetụta pụtara ìhè na leaching cyanide. Ngwọta Cyanide nwere ike igbari mineral ọla kọpa, mana ọnụego mgbasa dị iche. Chalcopyrite kwụsiri ike n'etiti mineral sulfide ọla kọpa, ebe chalcocite na-arụ ọrụ karịa. Na ngwọta cyanide, ọla kọpa dị na mineral ndị a, na-emekarị na steeti divalent, anaghị akwụsi ike. Ọla kọpa divalent na-eme ka cyanide na-agbanwe, na-agbanwe ka ọ bụrụ ọla kọpa monovalent ma na-akpụ ụlọ nwere cyanide na pulp. Maka chalcocite, ọ nwere ike bute nnukwu mbelata na ọla edo - ọnụego mgbasa, ruo 36.81% na nnwale ụfọdụ, yana mmụba okpukpu iri na oriri cyanide.

Malachite (ọla kọpa oxide mineral)

Malachite bụ ọla kọpa nkịtị - mineral oxide. Ọ na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na ngwọta sodium - cyanide, nke na-eduga na mmụba dị ukwuu na oriri cyanide. Mmeghachi omume n'etiti malachite na cyanide na-eji ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke ion cyanide. N'ihi ya, ma ọla kọpa sulfide na ọla kọpa oxide mineral nwere ike inwe mmetụta ọjọọ dị ukwuu na cyanide - gold - usoro mmịpụta.

Arsenic mineral

Realgar na Orpiment

Realgar na orpiment na-emerụ ahụ nke ukwuu na leaching cyanide. Na ngwọta alkaline siri ike nke a na-eji maka imikpu cyanide, ha na-etolite ogige dị ka thioarsenite. Thioarsenite nwere ike imeghachi omume na ikuku oxygen na ngwọta iji mepụta arsenite, na-eri nnukwu oxygen na slurry ịnweta. Ọzọkwa, mgbe mineral arsenic oxidized na ngwọta, ihe nkiri mere nke ogige arsenic na-etolite n'elu nke ọla edo. Ihe nkiri a na-akwụsị kpọmkwem ọla edo ịbanye na cyanide, na-emetụta nbibi nke ọla edo. Nnyocha e mere egosiwo na realgar na orpiment nwere ike ibelata ọnụego mgbasawanye ọla edo site na 41.95% na 49.90% n'otu n'otu, ma mụbaa oriri cyanide ugboro 13.8 na ugboro 15.0.

Arsenopyrite

Arsenopyrite bụ arsenic nkịtị - nwere ịnweta. N'adịghị ka realgar na orpiment, arsenopyrite kwụsiri ike na sistemu cyanide. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ nwere arsenic, n'okpuru ọnọdụ cyanide nkịtị - ọ naghị agbaji ngwa ngwa ma si otú a na-enwe mmetụta dị nta na leaching cyanide ma e jiri ya tụnyere arsenic ndị ọzọ na-ebu mineral.

Isi mineral

Galena na onye ndu Alum

Galena na ndu alum bụ isi ndu - nwere mineral na ogbunigwe ọla edo. Galena nwere ike oxidized na-edu alum. N'ihe ngwọta siri ike - alkaline, alum alum nwere ike ịmepụta alkaline lead - nnu acid, nke na-emeghachi omume na cyanide na ngwọta na-emepụta ike na-adịghị ike - alkaline cyanide. Obere obere mineral ndị na-edu ndú nwere ike inye aka n'ezie na-agbapụta cyanide nke ogbunigwe ọla edo. Otú ọ dị, ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke mineral ndị na-edu ndú ga-emetụta ọla edo - ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma site na iri cyanide na ikekwe na-emepụta ihe na-asọ oyi nke nwere ike igbochi usoro ịhịa ahụ.

Antimony - nwere mineral

Stibnite

Stibnite bụ isi antimony - nwere sulfide ịnweta. Na cyanide - leaching usoro, mmetụta ọjọọ ya yiri nke orpiment. Ọ na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na ngwọta alkaline siri ike iji mepụta thioantimonite, nke na-emeziwanye oxidized n'ime antimonite. Na mgbakwunye, ihe na-adịghị mma ebubo stibnite colloidal particles na alkaline - cyanide ngwọta nwere ike ịrapara n'elu nke ọla edo, n'ụzọ anụ ahụ na-egbochi ọla edo ịgbaze.

Ihe Carbon

Ebe a na-egwupụta ọla edo nwere ike ịnwe ihe ndị dị ka carbon , gụnyere carbon na-adịghị mma na carbon organic dị ka humic acid. Mgbe ihe ndị a dị na carbon, ha nwere ike ịmịnye ọlaedo agbazere agbaze na mmiri cyanide. Nke a na-ebelata ọnụego mmịpụta ọlaedo na mmiri ahụ, ihe a maara dị ka "ohi ọlaedo." Ihe ndị ahụ na-asọ mpi na usoro mwepụta maka ọlaedo agbazere agbaze, na-eduga na mfu nke mgbake ọlaedo.

Atụmatụ iji belata mmetụta nke mineral Associated

Pretreatment nke Ores

• Ọgwụgwọ Oxidation Tupu : Maka ores nwere ígwè - sulfide, arsenic, ma ọ bụ antimony minerals, ọgwụgwọ oxidation tupu oge eruo nwere ike ịdị irè. Oxidation na-agbaji mineral ndị a, na-eme ka ọlaedo dị n'ime ya tọhapụ ma na-ebelata mmetụta ọjọọ ha na leaching cyanide. Usoro oxidation a na-ejikarị eme ihe - usoro ọgwụgwọ tupu oge eruo gụnyere ịcha anụ, nrụgide oxidation, na bio - oxidation.

• Ọla kọpa - Tupu a na-amịpụta ihe : Ọ bụrụ na e nwere ọla kọpa dị elu, a pụrụ ime mmiri ...

Nkwalite nke Cyanide - Ọnọdụ Leaching

• Ịhazi Ọnụọgụ Ihe Ndị Na-eme Ka A ...

• Ịchịkwa Ọnọdụ Pulp : Ịchịkwa mkpokọta pulp, okpomọkụ, na ọsọ mkpali dịkwa mkpa. Ntinye pulp kwesịrị ekwesị na-eme ka cyanide na oxygen gbasaa nke ọma n'ime pulp ahụ. Ịnọgide na-enwe okpomọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị (nke na-abụkarị 15 - 30 Celsius) na-ahazi ọsọ ọlaedo na-agbaze na nkwụsi ike nke ihe ngwọta cyanide.

Iji ihe mgbakwunye

• Ihe Ndị Na-egbochi Mmeghachi Omume Mineral : Enwere ike iji ihe mgbakwunye dị ka nnu lead gbochie ụfọdụ mineral ndị na-emerụ ahụ ka ha ghara imeghachi omume. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, itinye lead acetate nwere ike imeghachi omume na ion sulfide site na mmebi nke sulfur - nke nwere mineral, na-emepụta lead na-anaghị agbaze - sulfide precipitates. Nke a na-ebelata ọnụọgụ cyanide na oxygen nke mineral ndị nwere sulfur na-eri.

• Ihe Ndị Na-asọmpi : N'ihe gbasara ihe ndị dị n'ime ala nwere ihe ndị na-eme ka carbon sie ike, itinye ihe ndị na-asọmpi dịka Carbon Emelitere n'oge a na-eme ka cyanide ghara ịdị irè nwere ike ibelata mmetụta "ohi ọlaedo". Carbon emelitere na-asọmpi na carbon dị n'ime ala maka ọlaedo agbazere agbaze, si otú a na-eme ka ọnụego mmiri ọlaedo dịkwuo elu.

mmechi

Ngwakọta mineral ndị metụtara ọla edo na ọla ọcha nwere mmetụta dị iche iche na mmetụta dị ukwuu na usoro cyanide - leaching. Ígwè, ọla kọpa, arsenic, lead, antimony - nwere mineral, na ihe carbon nwere ike imetụta arụmọrụ leaching site na iri reagents, igbochi ọla edo ịkpọtụrụ cyanide, ma ọ bụ itinye ọla edo gbazere. Otú ọ dị, site na ụzọ ọgwụgwọ kwesịrị ekwesị, njikarịcha ọnọdụ leaching, na iji ihe mgbakwunye, mmetụta ndị a na-adịghị mma nwere ike ibelata. Nke a na-enyere ndị ọzọ ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma mmịpụta nke ọla edo na ọlaọcha si mgbagwoju - mineralized ore, na-eme ka aku na uba viability nke Ngwuputa arụmọrụ.