Direct Electrowinning nke Gold si Cyanide Solution

Okwu Mmalite

Cyanidation abụwo ụzọ bụ isi isi na-ewepụta ọla edo n'ọla. Mgbe cyanide leaching usoro, na gold dị na ngwọta cyanide, nke a maara dị ka ihe ngwọta mmiri dị ime. N'oge ọdịnala, ụzọ dịka carbon A na-eji adsorption (dịka usoro Carbon-in-Column - CIC) na zinc simenti (usoro Merrill Crowe) weghachite ọlaedo site na ngwọta a. Agbanyeghị, electrowinning ozugbo site na ngwọta cyanide apụtala dị ka ihe ọzọ na-ekwe nkwa, na-enye ọtụtụ uru n'ihe gbasara arụmọrụ, ọnụ ahịa, na mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi.

Ụkpụrụ nke Direct Electrowinning

Igwe ọkụ eletrik kpọmkwem bụ usoro electrochemical. N'ọnọdụ nke mmịpụta ọla edo site na ngwọta cyanide, mgbe ọkụ eletrik na-agafe na cyanide ngwọta nke nwere ọla edo n'ụdị aurocyanide complexes (Au(CN)_2^-), mmeghachi omume ndị a na-eme na electrodes:

• Na cathode: Au(CN)_2^- + e^- \rightarrow Au + 2CN^-

Ions ọla edo dị na mgbagwoju anya aurocyanide na-enweta elektrọn ma debe ya dị ka ọla edo dara n'elu cathode.

• Na anode: Dabere na ọnọdụ, mmiri oxidation ma ọ bụ oxidation nke ụdị ndị ọzọ na ngwọta nwere ike ime. Ọmụmaatụ, 2H_2O \akụ aka nri O_2 + 4H^+ + 4e^-

Uru nke Direct Electrowinning

1. mfe: Tụnyere ọtụtụ usoro nzọụkwụ dị ka carbon adsorption sochiri elution na electrowinning (n'ihe banyere CIC), kpọmkwem electrowinning na-ebelata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke unit arụmọrụ. Nke a na-eme ka usoro nhazi ahụ dị mfe, na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mfe ịrụ ọrụ na ịnọgide na-enwe.

2. Ọnụ - irè: Site na usoro usoro ole na ole, enwere ike inwe obere ego na ụgwọ ọrụ. Ọ dịghị mkpa itinye ego na nnukwu ụlọ ọrụ nrụpụta carbon (dị ka ọ dị na CIC) ma ọ bụ zụta nnukwu ntụ ntụ zinc (dị ka usoro Merrill Crowe).

3. Ngwaahịa dị ọcha dị elu: The kpọmkwem electrodeposition nke gold nwere ike ime ka a elu-ọcha gold nkwụnye ego na cathode. Nke a nwere ike ibelata mkpa maka usoro nnụcha buru ibu na-agbada, na-echekwa ọnụ ahịa n'ihu.

4. Uru gburugburu ebe obibi: Site na iwepu iji zinc na usoro Merrill Crowe, enwere obere ọgbọ nke zinc nwere ihe mkpofu. Na mgbakwunye, ime ka usoro ahụ dị mfe nwere ike ibute mbelata ojiji kemịkalụ n'ozuzu ya na imepụta ihe mkpofu.

Atụmatụ usoro

1. Ngwọta Ntụkwasị Obi: Ntinye ọla edo na ngwọta cyanide bụ ihe dị mkpa. Ọ bụ ezie na enwere ike itinye ọkụ eletrik ozugbo na ngwọta nwere oke ọla edo dị iche iche, mkpokọta dị elu na-ebutekarị ọnụego ntinye ngwa ngwa. Agbanyeghị, oke ọla edo dị elu nwere ike ịchọ atụmatụ elektrọd pụrụ iche iji hụ na ntinye otu.

2. Ngwa Electrode: Nhọrọ nke ihe electrode dị mkpa. Igwe anaghị agba nchara - a na-ejikarị ajị anụ eme ihe dị ka ihe cathode maka ebe elu ya dị elu, nke na-enye ohere maka ntinye ọla edo nke ọma. Maka anode, ihe ndị na-eguzogide corrosion na cyanide ngwọta, dị ka dimensionally stable anodes (DSA), na-ahọrọ.

3. pH na okpomọkụ: Ekwesịrị iji nlezianya chịkwaa pH nke ngwọta cyanide. A na-edobe pH obere alkaline ka ọ ghara ire ere nke cyanide. Okpomọkụ nke ngwọta nwekwara ike imetụta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke electrowinning, na okpomọkụ dị elu n'ozuzu na-abawanye ọnụego mmeghachi omume ma na-enwekwa ike ịbawanye ohere nke ire ere cyanide.

Oge nhazi

1. Nkwadebe ngwọta: A na-ebu ụzọ mee ihe ngwọta cyanide leach dị ime site na mkpokoro mkpokoro ma ọ bụ usoro cyanidation ndị ọzọ. Nke a nwere ike ịgụnye nzacha iji wepụ ihe siri ike kwụsịtụrụ, n'ihi na ndị a nwere ike igbochi usoro eletriki ma mee ka obere sekit dị n'etiti electrodes.

2. Electrowinning Cell: A na-enyezi ihe ngwọta a gwọchara tupu ya abanye n'ime cell nke na-emeri eletrik. A na-etinye cell ahụ na anode na cathode. Dị ka a na-etinye ọkụ eletrik, ọla edo na-amalite itinye na cathode.

3. Gold mgbake: Ozugbo edobere ọla edo zuru oke na cathode, a na-ewepụ cathode na cell. Enwere ike wepụ ọla edo na cathode ma ọ bụ n'ụdị ma ọ bụ kemịkalụ, dabere na ọdịdị nke ihe cathode. A na-emeziwanye ọla edo ndị a gbapụrụ agbapụ iji nweta ọla edo dị elu - dị ọcha.

Ihe Chama Aka na Ọdịnihu

1. Njikwa Cyanide: Ọ bụ ezie na electrowinning ozugbo na-enye uru, iji cyanide na usoro mmịpụta ọla edo n'ozuzu ka na-etinye ihe ize ndụ gburugburu ebe obibi na nchekwa. Nchọpụta ga-eme n'ọdịnihu nwere ike ilekwasị anya na ijikọ ọkụ eletrik na ụzọ ọzọ na-adịghị egbu egbu.

2. Ike oriri: Usoro electrowinning chọrọ oke ọkụ eletrik. Ịmepụta ume karịa - ihe electrode na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma na nhazi cell bụ mpaghara nyocha nke na-arụsi ọrụ ike.

3. ỌhụụDị ka ọ dị na teknụzụ ọ bụla na-apụta, ọ dị mkpa iji nlezianya na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma iji hụ na arụmọrụ na ọnụ ahịa na-aga n'ihu na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma.

Igwe ọkụ eletrik ozugbo sitere na ngwọta cyanide na-anọchite anya ọganihu teknụzụ dị ịrịba ama na ụlọ ọrụ Ngwuputa ọla edo. Site n'inyocha nyocha na mmepe iji dozie ihe ịma aka ndị dị ugbu a, ọ nwere ike ịghọ usoro kachasị maka ya mgbake ọla edo na nso nso.