Ị maara ihe niile eji sodium cyanide eme ihe?

Sodium cyanide, nke nwere usoro kemịkalụ NaCN, bụ ngwakọta nke na-ebutekarị echiche nke ịkpachara anya n'ihi oke nsi ya. Agbanyeghị, ọ na-ekerekwa òkè dị ukwuu na usoro mmepụta ihe na kemịkal dị iche iche. Edemede a na-abanye n'ime ọtụtụ ojiji nke sodium cyanide, na-akọwapụta mkpa ọ dị na mpaghara dị iche iche ma na-ekwusi ike na ọ dị mkpa maka nchekwa nchekwa siri ike.

1. Ụlọ ọrụ Ngwuputa - Mwepụta nke ọla dị oké ọnụ ahịa

Otu n'ime ndị kasị mma-mara ngwa nke sodium cyanide dị na ụlọ ọrụ na-egwuputa ihe, karịsịa maka mmịpụta ọla edo na ọlaọcha. Ọlaedo, ebe ọ bụ igwe anaghị arụ ọrụ, nwere njikọ siri ike maka ion cyanide. N'ebe ikuku oxygen na mmiri dị, sodium cyanide na-emeghachi omume na ọla edo na ọla. Usoro a, nke a maara dị ka cyanidation, na-enye ohere ka agbaze ọla edo na ngwọta cyanide, kewapụ ya na adịghị ọcha ndị ọzọ dị na ígwè. Ọlaedo nke sipụtara - cyanide complex nwere ike meziwanye ya iji nwetaghachi ọla edo dị ọcha. Enwere ike wepụta ọlaọcha n'otu aka ahụ. A na-eji usoro a eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe n'ihi arụmọrụ ya yana ọnụ ala dị ala ma e jiri ya tụnyere usoro mmịpụta ndị ọzọ. Otú ọ dị, ọ dị oké mkpa iji nlezianya jikwaa sodium cyanide na ọrụ Ngwuputa iji gbochie mmetọ gburugburu ebe obibi na imerụ ndị ọrụ.

2. Chemical Synthesis - Ngwongwo ụlọ maka ogige dị iche iche

Sodium cyanide na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ihe mgbochi ụlọ n'ime chemical njikọ. A na-eji ya emepụta ogige kemịkal dị iche iche dị mkpa:

2.1. Mmepụta nke nitriles

Nitriles bụ klaasị organic ogige nwere otu arụrụ arụ ọrụ. Enwere ike iji sodium cyanide mepụta nitriles site na usoro mmeghachi omume ebe cyanide ion na-anọchi halogen atọm na alkyl halide. Nitriles dị mkpa intermediates na mmepụta nke ọgwụ, ihe oriri, na polymers.

2.2. Nchịkọta nke cyanuric chloride

A na-emepụta Cyanuric chloride site na iji sodium cyanide. Ọ bụ ihe dị mkpa na-emepụta ihe e ji esiji ákwà, ọgwụ pesticides, na mmiri ọgwụ mmiri. Njikọ ahụ gụnyere usoro mmeghachi omume na-amalite site na sodium cyanide, na nhazi ya pụrụ iche na-eme ka ọ baa uru na mmeghachi omume kemịkal dị iche iche.

2.3. Nkwadebe nke Cyanide ndị ọzọ - Ngwakọta dabere

A na-ejikwa sodium cyanide mepụta ogige cyanide ndị ọzọ dị ka potassium cyanide, sodium cyanate, na cyanide metal dị iche iche. Ogige ndị a na-achọta ngwa na electroplating, metal finishing, and as catalysts in some chemical reactions.

3. Electrolating Industry

na ụlọ ọrụ electroplating, A na-eji sodium cyanide mee ihe na nhazi nke bat electroplating. Bath bath electroplating dabeere na Cyanide bara uru karịsịa maka ịkwanye ọla dị ka ọla kọpa, ọlaọcha, na ọla edo. Ihe ion cyanide na bat ahụ na-enyere aka ijikọta ion ígwè, nke na-enye ọtụtụ uru. Ọ na-enye ohere ka ọ bụrụ otu n'otu n'otu nke metal na mkpụrụ, na-eme ka ọ dị nro ma na-ejikọta ya. Na mgbakwunye, ọ na-ebelata polarization na anode, na-ahụ na anode ọla na-agbaze nke ọma n'oge usoro electroplating na ịnọgide na-enwe ntinye nke ion metal mgbe niile na bat. Otú ọ dị, n'ihi nsị nke cyanide, a na-eme mgbalị ịmepụta usoro ọzọ na-abụghị cyanide electroplating. Ma ugbu a, cyanide - dabeere electroplating ka na-ọtụtụ ebe na ụfọdụ ngwa ebe elu - àgwà plating a chọrọ.

4. Organic Synthesis na Pharmaceuticals na Agrochemicals

4.1. Ọgwụ ọgwụ

Sodium cyanide na-etinye aka na njikọ nke ọtụtụ ogige ọgwụ. Dị ka ihe atụ, a na-eji ya eme ihe na njikọ nke ụfọdụ amino acids, bụ́ ihe ndị na-emepụta protein. Na njikọ nke ọgwụ ụfọdụ, otu cyanide nwere ike ịbanye n'ime usoro ihe omimi site na iji sodium cyanide dị ka ihe mmalite. Enwere ike imeziwanye otu cyanide a site na mmeghachi omume kemịkalụ dị iche iche iji nweta akụrụngwa ọgwụ a chọrọ.

4.2. Agrochemicals

N'ime ụlọ ọrụ agrochemical, a na-eji sodium cyanide na-emepụta ihe na-egbu egbu na ahịhịa. A na-eji cyanide - nwere ndị etiti na-emepụta ụfọdụ ọgwụ pesticides. Agrochemicals ndị a na-enyere aka n'ichekwa ihe ọkụkụ site na pests na ahịhịa, si otú ahụ na-abawanye mmepụta nke ugbo. Agbanyeghị, iji sodium cyanide na mmepụta agrochemical na-achọkwa nchekwa siri ike na ụkpụrụ gburugburu ebe obibi iji gbochie mmetụta ọjọọ ọ bụla na gburugburu ebe obibi.

5. Ngwa ndị ọzọ

5.1. Metal Cleaning na Surface Ọgwụgwọ

Enwere ike iji sodium cyanide mee ihe na nhicha ígwè na usoro ọgwụgwọ elu. Ọ nwere ike inye aka n'iwepụ nchara, ọnụ ọgụgụ, na adịghị ọcha ndị ọzọ n'elu igwe. N'ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, a na-ejikọta ya na kemịkal ndị ọzọ na metal - arụ ọrụ imecha iji dozie elu igwe maka nhazi ọzọ dị ka eserese ma ọ bụ mkpuchi.

5.2. Ọnwụ anwụ (iwu akwadoghị na ojiji amachibidoro)

Kemgbe ụwa, a na-eji sodium cyanide mee ihe dị ka ihe na-egbu egbu n'ihi oke nsi ya. Agbanyeghị, n'ihi oke egwu ọ na-ebute n'ime ihe ndị na-abụghị ebumnuche, gụnyere mmadụ, amachibidoro iji ya dị ka ogbunigwe nke ukwuu ma ọ bụ amachibidoro ya n'ọtụtụ mpaghara. Inwe ihe mberede ma ọ bụ ikpughe na rodenticides sitere na sodium cyanide nwere ike nweta nsonaazụ siri ike, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ nhọrọ na-adịghị anabata maka njikwa pesti n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ.

Ntụle Nchekwa

N'agbanyeghị ọtụtụ ngwa ya, sodium cyanide bụ ihe na-egbu egbu nke ukwuu. Ọ nwere ike na-egbu egbu ma ọ bụrụ na ikuru ume, rie ya, ma ọ bụ banye n'ime ahụ. Mgbe sodium cyanide batara na acids, ọ na-ewepụta gas hydrogen cyanide na-egbu egbu nke ukwuu, nke dị oke egwu. N'ime ntọala ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, usoro nchekwa nchekwa siri ike dị maka ijikwa sodium cyanide. Ndị ọrụ ga-eyiri ngwa nchekwa nkeonwe kwesịrị ekwesị, gụnyere uwe mkpuchi, mkpuchi, na uwe nchebe. Emebere ebe nchekwa maka sodium cyanide iji gbochie ntapu ọ bụla ma ọ bụ ikpughe na mmiri na acid. N'ihe gbasara mwụfu ma ọ bụ ihe mberede, a na-emejuputa usoro mmetọ kwesịrị ekwesị site na iji ihe ndị dị ka hydrogen peroxide, nke nwere ike oxidize sodium cyanide na ngwaahịa na-egbu egbu, ozugbo.

N'ikpeazụ, sodium cyanide, n'agbanyeghị na ọ na-egbu egbu, na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ. Ngwa ya sitere na mmịpụta ọla dị oké ọnụ ahịa na Ngwuputa ka ọ bụrụ isi reagent na njikọ kemịkalụ maka ọgwụ na agrochemicals. Otú ọ dị, njikwa na iji sodium cyanide n'enweghị nchebe dị oke mkpa iji chebe ma ahụike mmadụ na gburugburu ebe obibi.