Nga Whakamahinga o te Sodium Cyanide i roto i te Ahumahi Metallurgical me te Tiri Wheako

Kupu Whakataki

He mahi nui tā te konutai cyanide (NaCN) hei matū whakapūmau me te matū horoi, i roto i te Ahumahi Whakarewa . Mā ōna āhuatanga matū ahurei ka taea te hanga matatini pumau me ngā momo katote whakarewa, ā, ka taea te tango, te wehe, me te pure i ngā whakarewa. Ka tātarihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā tono matua o te Konutai Cyanide i roto i te mara whakarewa, ā, ka whakarāpopototia ngā kaupapa matua o te mahi i runga i te wheako mahi.

I. Nga Whakamahinga Matua o te Sodium Cyanide i roto i te Ahumahi Metallurgical

1. Tangohanga koura (Tukanga Cyanidation mo te Tangohanga koura)

• Mātāpono : Ka tauhohe te konutai cyanide ki te koura i te aroaro o te hāora hei hanga i ngā matūriki koura cyanide wairewa (pērā i te [Au(CN)₂]⁻). Kātahi ka whakahokia mai te koura mā te mimiti waro whakahohe, mā te nekenekehanga konutea rānei.

• Ngā Painga : He kaha tōna urutau ki ngā konganuku koura iti te kounga me ngā konganuku matatini, ā, ka taea e te tere tātā te eke ki te neke atu i te 90%.

• Take : I whakapiki ake te tere whakaora koura i te 92% mā te arotau i te kukū o te konutai cyanide (0.05%-0.1%) me te wā horoi (24-48 hāora) i tētahi maina koura.

2.Electroplating me te Whakapaipai Mata whakarewa

• Kaupapa : Hei tāpiri i roto i ngā otinga Whakakikorua , ka whakamahia mō te whakakikorua i ngā konganuku pēnei i te parahi, te konutea, me te hiriwa, ka taea te whakapai ake i te ōritetanga me te piri o te paninga.

• Ngā Whakatūpato : Me tino whakahaere te kukū o te cyanide kia kore ai e nui rawa ngā toenga, ka arahi pea tēnei ki te parahanga o te taiao.

3.Metal Separation me te Pure

• Ngā Horopaki Whakamahinga : Tangohia mā te tīpako i ngā konganuku whainga (pērā i te nikara me te konukōre) mai i ngā konganuku maha-konganuku, tangohia rānei ngā katote poke (pērā i te rino me te mata).

• Ngā Tohu Hangarau : Whakatutukihia te whakakotahitanga o ngā konganuku rerekē mā te whakarerekē i te uara pH me te horopeta o te Konutai cyanide.

II. Te Wheako Matua me te Arotautanga Hangarau i roto i te Whakamahi o te Sodium Cyanide

1.Te Mana Whakanui me te Inenga

• Ture Whakamātautau : I te wā e tangohia ana te koura, ko te kukū o te konutai cyanide he 0.03%-0.1% te tikanga, ā, me whakarerekē kia rite ki ngā āhuatanga o te konganuku (pēnei i te nui o te waro me te nui o te whanariki).

• Take : I kitea i roto i tētahi maina he nui ake te pikinga o te konutai cyanide i te mea kāore i te tino tika. Whai muri i te rangahau, i kitea ko te nui o te whanariki i roto i te konganuku i nui ake i te paerewa. I whakatauhia te raruraru i muri i te whakamahi i tētahi tukanga maimoatanga o mua (tunua, waikura rānei).

2.Te Arotautanga o nga Tikanga Reehi

• Uara pH : Mā te pupuri i tētahi taiao kawakore (pH 10-11) ka ārai i te whakaputanga o te hau hauwai cyanide, ā, ka whakapai ake i te Whai Huatanga o te Whakarewa i te wā kotahi.

• Mahana : Mā te whakamahana tika (30-40°C) ka tere ake te tauhohenga, engari me taurite te whakapaunga pūngao me te utu.

3.Tiaki Taiao me te Whakahaere Haumaru

• Te Maimoatanga o ngā Wai Para : Whakamahia te tikanga whakakōroi kawakore (konutai haikoroiti + konutai haikoroiti) hei wawahi i te cyanide kia tutuki ai te paerewa o te tukunga (he iti iho i te 0.5 mg/L te kukū CN⁻).

• Te Tiakitanga Haumaru : Me whai raina whakaputa kua kati katoa, he pūnaha aroturuki aunoa, me te taputapu tauhiuhi ohorere. Me mau ngā kaiwhakahaere i ngā kākahu tiaki matū me ngā kopare hau.

III. Nga Raruraru noa me nga Whakataunga

1.Risk of Cyanide Poisoning

• Ngā Mahi Ārai : Tirohia tonutia te piri o ngā taputapu, ā, karohia te pa atu o te wai cyanide ki ngā matū waikawa (hei ārai i te whakaputanga o te hau HCN tino paitini).

• Maimoatanga Ohotata : Horoia tonutia te wāhi e pā ana ki te kiri ki te nui o te wai ma. Mēnā ka horomia, me rapu tonu te tangata i te maimoatanga hauora, ā, me werohanga ki te konutai thiosulfate hei whakakore i te paitini.

2.Whakahekea i roto i te Ritenga Pai

• Ngā Take Pea : Te korenga o te nui o te waikura o te konganuku, te pirau o te konutai cyanide (nā te māramatanga, te pāmahana teitei rānei), me te pokanoa o ngā katote poke (pērā i te mata me te parahi).

• Ngā Otinga : Tāpirihia he waikura (pērā i te hauwai peroxide) hei whakatairanga i te waikura o te konganuku, tangohia rānei ngā paru mā te maimoatanga o mua.

IV. Nga Ake a meake nei me nga Hangarau rereke

• Ngā Hangarau Whakarewa Kore-Cyanide : Kei te puta haere mai ngā tukanga matomato pēnei i te tikanga thiourea me te tikanga biological leaching, ka taea te whakaiti i ngā mōrearea taiao.

• Mana Whakahaere Maamaa : Te aro turuki i ngā tawhā pēnei i te kukū o te konutai cyanide me te uara pH mā roto i ngā rauropi AI hei whakatutuki i te mana whakahaere tika.

Opaniraa

He nui te whai huatanga o te konutai cyanide, ā, he nui hoki ngā tūponotanga mōrearea pea i roto i te umanga whakarewa. Ko te whakamahinga whaitake e whakawhirinaki ana ki te hoahoa tukanga pūtaiao, te whakahaere haumaru tino tika, me te auahatanga hangarau tonu. Mā te arotau i ngā tawhā mahi me te whakapakari i ngā tikanga Tiaki Taiao , ka taea te whakanui ake i tōna uara me te whakaiti i ngā tūponotanga, ka whakatairanga i te umanga kia whanake i roto i te huarahi matomato me te pumau.