Ndi Mtundu Wanji Wa Ore Woyenera Pa Kutulutsa kwa Cyanide Heap?

Cyanide heap leaching ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pantchito yochotsa golide pokonza mitundu ina ya ores. Kumvetsetsa mawonekedwe a ores oyenerera njirayi ndikofunikira kuti golide abwezeretse bwino.

1. General Kugwiritsa Ntchito: Low - kalasi Ores

The Kutulutsa kwa cyanide ndondomeko zambiri okha oyenera mankhwala otsika - kalasi golide ores, makamaka otsika - kalasi Oxidized ores. Ambiri mwa oxidized ores awa ali pamwamba - oxidized ores. Poganizira kukula kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono mumilu yokhetsa, kulumikizana pakati pa miyala ndi miyala. cyanide Leaching agent ndi yofooka. Zotsatira zake, kutsika kwa golide sikukwera ngati njira zina zowotchera, zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake makamaka ku miyala yamtengo wapatali pomwe mtengo wake ukhoza kusungidwabe. Gulu la golide la ore loyenera kukhetsa mulu wa cyanide nthawi zambiri limakhala pakati pa 1.0 - 3.0 g/t, ndipo gawo la golide lokha la ma depositi amodzi ndiloposa 3.0 g/t.

2. Makhalidwe Opangidwa ndi Ore

2.1 Makhalidwe a Gold Particle

• Zabwino kapena Zosanja - Tinthu Zagolide Zowoneka Bwino: Kukula kwa tinthu ting'onoting'ono kwa golide mu ores oyenera ndikwabwino kapena kosalala. Maonekedwe awa amapangitsa kuti golide asungunuke mosavuta ndi cyanide. Tinthu tating'ono tagolide tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tating'ono tating'ono tating'ono ta golide titha kulumikizana bwino ndi cyanide leaching agent, zomwe zimathandizira kusungunuka kwa golide panthawi yokhetsa mulu. Mwachitsanzo, m'matanthwe opangidwa ndi okosijeni, golide nthawi zambiri amakhala mu tinthu tating'ono tomwe timagawika m'matrix onse, omwe amathandiza kuti cyanide leaching.

2.2 Porosity ndi Permeability

• Ores Otayirira, Porous, ndi Permeable Ores: Mwala uyenera kukhala wotayirira, wopindika, komanso wotha kulowa chifukwa cha okosijeni ndi nyengo. Zinthu zakuthupi izi ndizopindulitsa kuti cyanide yankho lilowe mu mulu wa ore. Pamene yankho la cyanide limatha kufikira golide - wokhala ndi mchere, kutulutsa kumatha kuchitika. Ores ngati omwe akhala akuwonongeka kwa nthawi yayitali nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi porous, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti cyanide yankho lidutse ndikulumikizana ndi tinthu tagolide tating'onoting'ono.

• Ores okhala ndi Golide Wopezeka mwa Kuphwanya: Kwa ores omwe ali ndi pores ochepa poyambirira, golide amatha kuwululidwa ndi njira yophwanyira. Ichi ndi sitepe yofunika kwambiri kukonzekera mulu wa cyanide usanadutse. Pophwanya, zomanga zamkati za golide zimasweka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti cyanide leaching agent apeze golide. Zina zolimba zokhala ndi golidi zotsekedwa mkati zimatha kukonzedwa motere kuti zikhale zoyenera pamilu ya leaching.

2.3 Chemical Composition

• Zinthu Zochepa za Acidic ndi Zopanda Zochita: Mwala uyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zopanda asidi kapena zocheperapo komanso zocheperapo zomwe zimatha kuchita ndi cyanide. Zinthu za asidi kapena zinthu zogwira ntchito zimatha kudya cyanide leaching agent. Mwachitsanzo, ngati pali mchere wambiri wa acidic mu ore, amatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi cyanide, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cyanide komwe kumapezeka potulutsa golide ndipo motero kumachepetsa mphamvu ya cyanide mulu wa leaching.

• Palibe Golide - Zinthu Zotsatsa Kapena Zowotcha: Mcherewo suyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zomwe zimayamwa kapena kusungunula golide wosungunuka. Ngati zinthu zotere zilipo, zimatha kulepheretsa kutulutsa golide panthawi yochotsa cyanide heap, zomwe zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa golide komwe kumabwezedwa. Mwachitsanzo, zina Carbon - miyala yolemera imatha kuyamwa golide wosungunuka - cyanide complex, zomwe zimalepheretsa kuti ipitirize kukonzedwa kuti ibwezeretse golide.

3. Mitundu Yodziwika ya Ore

3.1 Mwala Wopatsira Oxidized

Mafuta opangidwa ndi okosijeni ndi oyenera kwambiri kukhetsa mulu wa cyanide. Mu ore awa, golidi amagawidwa mofanana mumkhalidwe wabwino kwambiri mkati mwa oxidized rock matrix. Njira yopangira makutidwe ndi okosijeni nthawi zambiri imapangitsa kuti miyalayi ikhale yochuluka kwambiri, ndipo golide wonyezimira bwino amatha kupezeka mosavuta ndi cyanide solution. Mwachitsanzo, m'malo ena agolide - okhala ndi miyala yamchenga yomwe yakhala ikukumana ndi nyengo yayitali komanso oxidation, golideyo amafalitsidwa mumchenga, ndipo cyanide mulu wa leaching amatha kuchotsa golideyo.

3.2 Sulfide Ore yokhala ndi Golide Osagwirizana Kwambiri

Mafuta a sulfide omwe golide sakhala limodzi ndi mchere wa sulfide amathanso kuthandizidwa ndi mulu wa cyanide leaching. Mu miyala yotereyi, golidi samamangirizidwa mwamphamvu ku zigawo za sulfide. Mwala ukachulukidwa - wothiridwa ndi cyanide, cyanide imatha kusungunula golide popanda kukhudzidwa kwambiri ndi mchere wa sulfide. Komabe, ngati golidiyo amagwirizana kwambiri ndi mchere wa sulfide, sulfide angafunikire kukonzedwa kale (monga kuotcha kapena bio-oxidation) kuti golideyo apezeke potulutsa cyanide.

3.3 Kusungitsa Golide wa Vein kapena Placer Gold Deposit yokhala ndi Tinthu tating'ono ta Golide

Madipoziti agolide amitsempha kapena ma depositi a golide okhala ndi tinthu tating'ono ta golide kapena gawo lalikulu la tinthu tagolide tating'onoting'ono ndi oyenera kukhetsa mulu wa cyanide. Tinthu tating'ono ta golide tili ndi malo okulirapo omwe amalumikizana ndi yankho la cyanide, lomwe limalimbikitsa kutulutsa. M'mitsempha ya golide, ngati golideyo ali ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino m'mitsempha, ndipo thanthwe lokhala ndi mitsempha lili ndi porosity yoyenera komanso permeability, cyanide mulu leaching ukhoza kukhala njira yothandiza yochotsa. Madipoziti a golide oyika, pomwe golidiyo adawonongeka ndikuwonongeka kukhala tinthu tating'onoting'ono, amathanso kukonzedwa pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi.

Pomaliza, cyanide heap leaching ndi yoyenera kwambiri kwa ore otsika omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe ake komanso mawonekedwe ake, kuphatikiza golide wopangidwa bwino, porosity yoyenera, komanso kusowa kwa zinthu zosokoneza. Pomvetsetsa zofunikira za ore izi, ntchito zamigodi zitha kupititsa patsogolo kugwiritsa ntchito mulu wa cyanide leaching kuti ukhale wogwira mtima komanso wokwera mtengo - kukumba golide wogwira mtima.