Chikoka cha Kulimbikitsa Mlingo pa Leaching Rate ya Sodium Cyanide

1. Introduction

Kuchotsa mchere wa Cyanide ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakampani opanga migodi pochotsa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali, makamaka golide, kuchokera ku miyala. Sodium cyanide imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pankhaniyi chifukwa imagwira ntchito ndi zitsulozo kuti ipange zinthu zosungunuka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zilekanitsidwe ndi miyala. Pakati pa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zingakhudze kugwira ntchito bwino kwa kuchotsa mchere wa Cyanide , kuchuluka kwa kusakaniza ndikofunikira kwambiri. Nkhaniyi ikufuna kufufuza mwatsatanetsatane momwe kuchuluka kwa kusakaniza kumakhudzira kuchuluka kwa kusakaniza kwa Sodium cyanide.

2. Udindo Wokondolera mu Leaching ya Cyanide

2.1 Kupititsa patsogolo Kutumiza kwa Misa

Mu njira yochotsera cyanide, kusinthana kwa Sodium Cyanide ndi chitsulo chomwe chili mu ore kumachitika pakati pa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta ore ndi yankho la cyanide yamadzimadzi. Kusakaniza kumathandiza kukonza kusamutsa kwa ma reactants ( sodium cyanide ndi oxygen) pamwamba pa tinthu ta ore ndikuchotsa zinthu zomwe zimayambitsa vutoli pamwamba. Pamene kusakaniza kwawonjezeka, madzi oyenda mozungulira tinthuto amakhala osokonezeka kwambiri. Kusinthasintha kumeneku kumachepetsa makulidwe a malire ozungulira tinthu, komwe ndi dera lomwe kuchuluka kwa ma reactants ndi zinthu kumakhalapo. Zotsatira zake, kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide ndi oxygen kupita pamwamba pa tinthu kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuchotsedwa kwa leaching kuchitike.

2.2 Kupewa Tinthu Sedimentation

Ntchito ina yofunika yoyambitsanso ndikuletsa kusungunuka kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta ore, makamaka pankhani ya miyala yokhala ndi matope ambiri, dongo kapena shale. Tinthu tating'ono ting'onoting'ono timeneti titha kukhazikika panthawi ya leaching, kuchepetsa malo olumikizana pakati pa ore ndi yankho la cyanide ndipo motero kumachepetsa mphamvu ya leaching. Mwa kusonkhezera mosalekeza zamkati (kusakaniza kwa ore ndi yankho), tinthu tating'onoting'ono timasungidwa moyimitsidwa, kuwonetsetsa kukhudzana kofanana ndi yankho la cyanide panthawi yonseyi.

3. Maphunziro Oyesera pa Chikoka cha Kugwedeza Mlingo

3.1 Laboratory - Mayeso a Sikelo

Kuyesa kochuluka kwa ma labotale kwachitika kuti afufuze ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa kuthamanga kwa kuthamanga ndi kuthamanga kwa sodium cyanide. Mu mmene kuyesera, chitsanzo cha ore ndi pansi kwa enieni tinthu kukula ndiyeno wothira cyanide njira mu riyakitala okonzeka ndi stirrer. Mlingo wa kugwedezeka umasiyanasiyana, ndipo kuchuluka kwa leaching kumayesedwa pakapita nthawi. Mwachitsanzo, pakuyesa kwa golide wokhala ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali, pamene kugwedezeka kunawonjezeka kuchokera ku 200 rpm kufika ku 600 rpm, kuchuluka kwa golidi (komwe kumachotsedwa ndi sodium cyanide) kunakula kwambiri m'magawo oyambirira a leaching. Komabe, kupyola mulingo wina wosonkhezera (pafupifupi 800 rpm pakadali pano), kuchuluka kwa kuchuluka kwa leaching kunayamba kuchepa.

3.2 Zowona Zamakampani - Zowonera

Zochita zamakampani zimapatsanso chidziwitso chofunikira pakukhudzidwa kwa kuchuluka kwamphamvu. Pazomera zazikulu za cyanide leaching, kuthamanga kwa matanki otsetsereka kumayendetsedwa mosamala. Zawonedwa kuti kugwedezeka kukakhala kotsika kwambiri, pali madera mu thanki pomwe tinthu tating'ono ta ore silabwino - kuphatikiza ndi cyanide solution, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuchepa kwachulukidwe. Kumbali ina, ngati chiwongolerocho chili chokwera kwambiri, chingayambitse kuwonongeka kwakukulu pazida, kuwonjezera mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu, ndipo zingayambitsenso kupanga ma vortexes omwe angasokoneze ndondomeko ya leaching. Mwachitsanzo, pamafakitale akuluakulu a golide a cyanidation, kukulitsa chiwongolero kuchokera pa 400 rpm kufika pa 500 rpm kudapangitsa kuti 5% ionjezere golide, koma kukulitsa mpaka 600 rpm kunangowonjezera 1% pang'ono, pomwe kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kudakwera ndi 20%.

4. Mulingo woyenera kwambiri wosonkhezera Mlingo Kutsimikiza

4.1 Kuganizira za Makhalidwe a Ore

Kuthamanga koyenera kwa cyanide leaching kumadalira pazifukwa zingapo, ndi mikhalidwe ya ore kukhala yofunika kwambiri. Kwa ores omwe ali ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono, pangafunike kuwonjezereka kwakukulu kuti mutsimikizire kuti yankho la cyanide limatha kulowa mu pores ndikuchitapo kanthu ndi mkati mwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, kwa ores zabwino - grained ores, otsika yogwira mtima mlingo kungakhale kokwanira kusunga particles kuyimitsidwa ndi kulimbikitsa kusamutsa misa. Kuphatikiza apo, mineralogy ya ore imafunikira. Ngati miyalayo ili ndi mchere womwe umakhala ndi okosijeni mosavuta kapena umachita ndi cyanide mwachangu, kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwongolera momwe zimachitikira komanso kupewa kumwa kwambiri sodium cyanide.

4.2 Kusinthanitsa Mtengo wa Leaching ndi Mtengo

Kuphatikiza pa mawonekedwe a ore, mtengo - magwiridwe antchito a leaching nawonso amathandizanso kudziwa momwe angapangire mayendedwe oyenera. Kuthamanga kwakukulu nthawi zambiri kumafuna mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimawonjezera mtengo wogwiritsira ntchito chomeracho. Chifukwa chake, kuyenera kuchitidwa bwino pakati pa kupeza chiwongola dzanja chachikulu ndi kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu. Izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo kuchita kafukufuku wa zachuma omwe amaganizira zinthu monga mtengo wazitsulo zomwe zimachotsedwa, mtengo wa sodium cyanide, ndi mtengo wa mphamvu zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mitengo yosiyanasiyana yogwedeza. Mwachitsanzo, ngati mtengo wa golidi uli wokwera ndipo mtengo wa mphamvu uli wotsika, kusonkhezera kokwera pang'ono kungasankhidwe kuti kuchulukitse chiwongolero cha golide. Komabe, ngati mtengo wamagetsi ndi wodetsa nkhawa kwambiri, kutsika kwapang'onopang'ono kungasankhidwe ngakhale kumapangitsa kuti pakhale kutsika pang'ono.

5. Zovuta Zogwirizana ndi Kusintha kwa Kukondoweza

5.1 Kulephera kwa Zida

Chimodzi mwazovuta pakuwongolera kuchuluka kwa kugwedezeka ndi kuchepa kwa zida. Mapangidwe a matanki a leaching, mphamvu ya ma motors oyendetsa zoyendetsa, ndi mphamvu zamakina a zoyendetsa zonse zimalepheretsa kuchuluka kwa mitengo yomwe ingapezeke. Nthawi zina, kukweza zida kuti zikwaniritse chiwongola dzanja chokulirapo kapena cholondola kwambiri kungafunike ndalama zambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati chomera chikufuna kukulitsa chiwongolero chake kupitilira malire omwe alipo, chingafunikire kusintha ma injini ndi amphamvu kwambiri ndikuyika zolumikizira zolimba, zomwe zingakhale zodula.

5.2 Kusakhazikika kwa Njira

Kusintha kuchuluka kwa kugwedeza kungayambitsenso kusakhazikika kwa ndondomeko. Kuwonjezeka kwadzidzidzi kapena kuchepa kwa chiwombankhanga kungathe kusokoneza kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka tank leaching, kuchititsa kugawa kosagwirizana kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono ndi njira ya cyanide. Izi zitha kupangitsa kuti pakhale ma leaching osagwirizana ndipo zitha kupangitsa kuti pakhale malo otentha kapena ozizira mu thanki, momwe momwe zimachitikira zimakhala zokwera kwambiri kapena zotsika kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, ngati kuthamanga kwachulukira kutsika kwambiri, tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timatha kukhazikika m'malo ena a thanki, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa magwiridwe antchito onse.

6. Kutsiliza

Kuthamanga kwamphamvu kumakhudza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa leaching ya sodium cyanide mu cyanide leaching process. Mwa kupititsa patsogolo kusamutsidwa kwa misa ndikuletsa kusungunuka kwa tinthu, kugwedezeka koyenera kungathe kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ya leaching. Komabe, kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kugwedezeka koyenera kumafuna kulingalira mozama za mawonekedwe a ore ndi mtengo wake. Kuonjezera apo, zovuta monga kuchepa kwa zipangizo ndi kusakhazikika kwa ndondomeko ziyenera kuthetsedwa pamene mukukonzekera chiwongoladzanja. Kafukufuku wowonjezereka m'derali atha kuyang'ana kwambiri pakupanga matekinoloje olimbikitsa komanso kukhathamiritsa njira yonse ya cyanide leaching kuti ipititse patsogolo kubweza zitsulo zamtengo wapatali ndikuchepetsa kuwononga chilengedwe komanso ndalama.