Mitundu Yodziwika ya Cyanides

Ma Cyanides ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe ali ndi gulu la cyano (-CN). Amadziwika chifukwa cha reactivity yawo yambiri komanso poizoni wawo. M'nkhaniyi, tifufuza mitundu ina yodziwika bwino ya ma Cyanides , makhalidwe awo, ndi ntchito zawo.

Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN)

Hydrogen cyanide , yomwe imadziwikanso kuti prussic acid, ndi madzi opanda mtundu, osasunthika kwambiri okhala ndi fungo la amondi owawa. Ndi poizoni kwambiri ndipo amatha kupha ngakhale pang'ono. HCN imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, monga kupanga mapulasitiki, ulusi wopangidwa, ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochotsa golide ndi siliva kuchokera ku miyala.

Sodium Cyanide (NaCN)

Sodium cyanide ndi chinthu choyera, cholimba cha kristalo chomwe chimasungunuka kwambiri m'madzi. Ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale. NaCN imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma electroplating, kuyeretsa zitsulo, komanso kuchotsa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali. Imagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga mankhwala ndi mankhwala enaake.

Potaziyamu Cyanide (KCN)

Potassium cyanide ndi yofanana ndi Sodium Cyanide . Ndi chinthu choyera, cholimba cha kristalo chomwe chimasungunuka kwambiri m'madzi. KCN imagwiritsidwanso ntchito popaka ma electroplating, kuyeretsa zitsulo, komanso kuchotsa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali. Nthawi zina imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu labotale ngati reagent.

Cyanogen Chloride (CNCl)

Cyanogen chloride ndi mpweya wopanda mtundu wokhala ndi fungo loyipa. Ndi poizoni kwambiri ndipo angayambitse vuto lalikulu la kupuma. CNCl imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mankhwala ena komanso ngati mankhwala ankhondo.

Organic Cyanides (Nitriles)

Ma cyanide achilengedwe, omwe amadziwikanso kuti nitriles, ndi mankhwala omwe gulu la cyano limalumikizidwa ku atomu ya Carbon mu molekyulu yachilengedwe. Zitsanzo za ma cyanide achilengedwe ndi monga acetonitrile (CH3CN), propionitrile (CH3CH2CN), ndi benzonitrile (C6H5CN). Ma nitrile amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, monga zosungunulira, zosakaniza mu kapangidwe ka organic, komanso popanga ma polima.

Mchere wa Cyanide

Kuwonjezera pa sodium ndi Potassium Cyanide , palinso mchere wina wa cyanide, monga calcium cyanide (Ca(CN)2), barium cyanide (Ba(CN)2), ndi ammonium cyanide (NH4CN). Mchere uwu umagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.

Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti ma cyanides ndi owopsa kwambiri ndipo amatha kukhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu ku thanzi la anthu komanso chilengedwe. Chitetezo choyenera chiyenera kuchitidwa pogwira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito cyanides. Ngati akhudzidwa ndi cyanides, chithandizo chamankhwala chiyenera kufunidwa.