Njira Zabwino Kwambiri Zoyankhira Mwadzidzidzi ku Zochitika za Sodium Cyanide

Introduction

Sodium cyanide ndi mankhwala oopsa kwambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga migodi, electroplating, ndi kupanga mankhwala. Komabe, poizoni wake komanso kuthekera kwake kukhala ndi zotsatirapo zoopsa pakagwa ngozi kumafuna njira zodzitetezera komanso mapulani okonzedwa bwino othana ndi mavuto adzidzidzi . Nkhaniyi ikufuna kupereka chithunzithunzi chokwanira cha njira zabwino kwambiri zothanirana ndi ngozi za sodium cyanide kuti muteteze miyoyo, katundu, ndi chilengedwe.

Kumvetsetsa Sodium Cyanide

Sodium cyanide ndi ufa woyera wa kristalo kapena granular. Ikakhudzana ndi madzi, ma acid, kapena zinthu zina, imatha kutulutsa mpweya wa hydrogen cyanide, mankhwala oopsa kwambiri oletsa mpweya. Mpweya uwu umasokoneza mphamvu ya thupi yogwiritsira ntchito mpweya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti munthu afe msanga ngati atakhudzidwa ndi mpweya. Mankhwalawa ali ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa m'thupi, ndipo dongosolo lapakati la mitsempha (ubongo), dongosolo la mtima (mtima ndi mitsempha yamagazi), ndi dongosolo la m'mapapo (mapapo) ndi omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kukhudzidwa kwake. Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ngakhale mpweya wa hydrogen cyanide ukhoza kukhala ndi fungo lapadera la amondi kwa ena, anthu ambiri sangalizindikire, ndipo Sodium Cyanide siinunkhira ikakhala youma.

Kukonzekera Mwadzidzidzi

Kuwunika Zowopsa ndi Kukonzekera

• Dziwani Zoopsa : Chitani kafukufuku wokwanira wa njira zonse zosungiramo zinthu ndi malo osungiramo zinthu komwe Sodium cyanide imagwiritsidwa ntchito kapena kusungidwa. Dziwani zomwe zingachitike kuti madzi atuluke, kutayikira, kapena kutulutsidwa, monga kulephera kwa zida, zolakwa za anthu, kapena masoka achilengedwe.

• Pangani Mapulani Othandizira Padzidzidzi : Pangani mapulani atsatanetsatane omwe amafotokoza zomwe ziyenera kuchitika ngati pachitika mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya sodium cyanide. Mapulani awa ayenera kuphatikizapo njira zotulutsira anthu, njira zolumikizirana, ndi njira zochotsera kuipitsidwa.

• Fotokozani Maudindo ndi Udindo : Perekani ntchito momveka bwino kwa anthu kapena magulu osiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, sankhani akuluakulu a zochitika, magulu opulumutsa anthu, othandizira azachipatala, ndi magulu oteteza chilengedwe. Onetsetsani kuti aliyense akumvetsa udindo wake komanso njira yonse yothandizira.

Maphunziro ndi Zochita

• Perekani Maphunziro Okhazikika : Phunzitsani antchito onse omwe angakhale akugwira ntchito yokhudza sodium cyanide kapena kuchitapo kanthu pakagwa ngozi. Maphunziro ayenera kuphatikizapo makhalidwe a sodium cyanide, njira zotetezera zogwirira ntchito, kugwiritsa ntchito zida zodzitetezera (PPE), ndi njira zothanirana ndi mavuto mwadzidzidzi.

• Kuchita Maseŵera Olimbitsa Thupi : Chitani maseŵera olimbitsa thupi nthawi zonse kuti muone ngati mapulani othana ndi vuto agwira ntchito bwino. Maseŵera olimbitsa thupi ayenera kutsanzira zochitika zosiyanasiyana za ngozi, kuphatikizapo kutaya madzi pang'ono, kutulutsa madzi ambiri, ndi zochitika zokhudzana ndi anthu ovulala. Unikani zotsatira za maseŵera olimbitsa thupi aliwonse kuti mudziwe madera omwe akufunika kuwongolera.

Zida ndi Zothandizira

• Zipangizo Zodzitetezera : Onetsetsani kuti PPE yoyenera ilipo kwa onse omwe akuyankha. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo chipangizo chopumira cha Level A kapena Level B (SCBA) chokhala ndi mankhwala - chachilengedwe - cha radiological - cha nyukiliya (CBRN) chokhala ndi zovala zodzitetezera, magolovesi osagwira mankhwala (amkati ndi akunja), ndi nsapato zosagwira mankhwala.

• Zipangizo Zotsukira : Muli ndi zida zotsukira anthu ndi madera omwe akhudzidwa. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo mapaipi akuluakulu amadzi, shawa zotetezera, malo otsukira maso mwadzidzidzi, ndi zinthu zoyamwitsa monga activated Carbon yoyeretsera malo omwe atayika.

• Chithandizo Choyamba ndi Zida Zachipatala : Sungani zida zothandizira choyamba zokhala ndi mankhwala enaake oletsa poizoni wa cyanide, monga 4 - dimethylaminophenol (4 - DMAP) kapena sodium nitrite, pamodzi ndi zida zina zachipatala. Onetsetsani kuti pali ogwira ntchito zachipatala ophunzitsidwa bwino kapena othandizira odwala omwe ali pa nthawi yoyembekezera.

• Zida Zolankhulirana ndi Kuwunika : Konzani njira zodalirika zolankhulirana kuti zigwirizane ndi zoyesayesa zoyankhira. Gwiritsani ntchito masokisi a mphepo kuti muwone komwe mphepo ikupita (zothandiza poneneratu kufalikira kwa utsi wa poizoni) ndi zida zowunikira mpweya kuti muyeze kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa hydrogen cyanide mumlengalenga.

Kuyankha Mwadzidzidzi

Kuzindikira ndi Kupereka Lipoti

• Kuzindikira Koyambirira : Gwiritsani ntchito njira zowunikira kuti muzindikire kutuluka kwa sodium cyanide kapena kutuluka kwake mwachangu momwe mungathere. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo masensa a gasi m'malo omwe sodium cyanide imasungidwa kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito.

• Kupereka Malipoti Mwachangu : Khazikitsani njira yodziwira bwino. Chochitika chilichonse chokayikiridwa kapena chotsimikizika cha sodium cyanide chiyenera kufotokozedwa nthawi yomweyo ku madipatimenti oyenera amkati (monga chitetezo, kasamalidwe) ndi akuluakulu akunja (monga madipatimenti ozimitsa moto am'deralo, mabungwe oteteza chilengedwe). Perekani zambiri za mtundu wa chochitikacho, malo, ndi kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide komwe kwachitika.

Kusamutsidwa ndi Kudzipatula

• Tulutsani Madera Okhudzidwa : Tulutsani anthu onse osafunikira kuchokera kudera lomwe sodium cyanide yatuluka. Gwiritsani ntchito njira zotulutsiramo zinthu zomwe zakhazikitsidwa kale komanso malo osonkhanitsira zinthu. Onetsetsani kuti aliyense wawerengedwa pamalo osonkhanitsira zinthu.

• Patulani Malo Ochitikira Ngozi : Ikani malo ozungulira malo omwe ngoziyo yachitika kuti mupewe kulowa kosaloledwa. Kukula kwa malo ochitikira ngozi kuyenera kudziwika kutengera kukula kwa malo otulutsira, komwe mphepo ikupita, ndi zina. Mwachitsanzo, ngati malo otulutsira ngozi atakhala aakulu, malo otulutsira ngozi angafunike kukhala mamita mazana angapo.

Kupulumutsa ndi Thandizo Loyamba

• Ntchito Zopulumutsa : Magulu ophunzitsidwa opulumutsa, okhala ndi zipangizo zoyenera zotetezera, ayenera kulowa m'dera lomwe lakhudzidwa kuti akapulumutse anthu ovulala. Gwiritsani ntchito machira kuti mutulutse anthu ovulalawo mosamala kuchokera pamalo omwe ali pachiwopsezo.

• Chithandizo Choyamba : Perekani chithandizo choyamba mwamsanga kwa ozunzidwa. Achotseni pamalo omwe akhudzidwa ndi kuipitsidwa, ndipo ngati akhudzana ndi sodium cyanide, yeretsani khungu ndi maso awo. Kuti mugwirizane ndi khungu, tsukani ndi madzi ambiri kwa mphindi zosachepera 20. Kuti mugwirizane ndi maso, tsukani ndi madzi kwa mphindi zosachepera 15. Ngati wozunzidwayo wapuma mpweya wa hydrogen cyanide kapena wameza sodium cyanide, perekani mankhwala oyenera mwamsanga, koma ndi akatswiri azachipatala okha.

Kusunga ndi Kuyeretsa - mmwamba

• Muli ndi Kutaya Kapena Kutulutsa : Ngati n'kotheka, sungani kutayikira kwa sodium cyanide kuti isafalikire. Pakutayikira kwa madzi, gwiritsani ntchito zinthu zoyamwa kuti mutenge mankhwalawo. Pakutayikira kolimba, sungani zinthuzo m'zidebe zoyenera. Ngati zatayikira m'madzi, ganizirani zomangira zotchinga (monga mabowo m'mitsinje kapena m'nyanja) kuti mupewe kufalikira kwa madzi oipitsidwa.

• Kuyeretsa ndi Kuchotsa Chinyezi : Tsukani bwino malo okhudzidwawo. Gwiritsani ntchito njira zoyenera zotsukira ndi kuyeretsa kuti muchotse malo, zida, ndi dothi. Zinthu zonse zodetsedwa, kuphatikizapo zinthu zoyamwitsa, ziyenera kutayidwa bwino motsatira malamulo am'deralo.

Positi - Kutsatira Zochitika - mmwamba

Kuyang'anira Zachilengedwe

• Kuyang'anira Mpweya ndi Madzi : Chitani kuyang'anira mpweya ndi madzi nthawi zonse pafupi ndi malo omwe mwachitika ngoziyi. Yang'anani mpweya wotsala wa hydrogen cyanide mumlengalenga ndi ma ayoni a cyanide m'madzi. Yang'anirani kwa nthawi yayitali kuti muwonetsetse kuti chilengedwe chabwerera pamalo otetezeka.

• Kuyesa Kuyesa Dothi : Tengani zitsanzo za dothi kuchokera kudera lomwe lakhudzidwa kuti muwone kuchuluka kwa kuipitsidwa. Dziwani ngati pali njira zina zothanirana ndi dothi zomwe zikufunika.

Kufufuza ndi Kusanthula

• Kusanthula Chifukwa Chake : Chitani kafukufuku watsatanetsatane kuti mudziwe chomwe chimayambitsa vuto la sodium cyanide. Izi zitha kuphatikizapo kufufuza kulephera kwa zida, zolakwika za anthu, kapena zolakwika mu njira zotetezera.

• Zomwe Zaphunziridwa : Unikani njira yothanirana ndi ngozi zadzidzidzi kuti mudziwe madera omwe muyenera kukonza. Sinthani mapulani othanirana ndi ngozi zadzidzidzi, mapulogalamu ophunzitsira, ndi njira zodzitetezera kutengera zomwe mwaphunzira kuchokera ku ngoziyo.

Community Communication

• Dziwani Anthu Onse : Perekani uthenga nthawi zonse kwa anthu ammudzimo wokhudza ngoziyo, njira zothanirana ndi mavuto, komanso zotsatira za kuyang'anira chilengedwe. Yankhani nkhawa kapena mafunso aliwonse ochokera kwa anthu kuti musunge kuwonekera poyera komanso kudalirana.

Pomaliza, kukonzekera bwino komanso kulumikizidwa kwadzidzidzi ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse zovuta za sodium cyanide. Potsatira njira zabwino zimenezi, mafakitale angathe kuteteza bwino antchito awo, anthu, ndi chilengedwe ku zoopsa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi mankhwala oopsa kwambiri.