Kodi sodium sulfide amagwira ntchito bwanji popaka utoto ndi utoto wa sulfure?

Introduction

Makampani opanga nsalu amadalira kwambiri Njira zodaya kuwonjezera mtundu ndi kukongola kwa nsalu. Pakati pa mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, Sodium sulfide imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri, makamaka mumitundu ina ya njira zodaya. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za ntchito zenizeni komanso kufunikira kwa sodium sulfide pa nkhani ya utoto.

Ma Chemical Properties a Sodium Sulfidi

Sodium sulfide, yokhala ndi mankhwala opangidwa ndi Na₂S (yomwe imadziwika kuti hydrate Na₂S·9H₂O), ndi mchere wopanda mtundu, wosungunuka m'madzi. Akasungunuka m'madzi, amapanga mankhwala a alkaline kwambiri. Alkalinity iyi ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chomwe chimathandizira kugwira ntchito kwake pakupaka utoto. Kuphatikiza apo, sodium sulfide imakhala yocheperako kwambiri, yomwe imalola kuti itenge nawo mbali pazochita za redox zomwe ndizofunikira pamakina ambiri odaya.

Sodium Sulfide mu Sulfur Dye Synthesis

Kulimbikitsa Kutembenuka Kwapakatikati kwa Udayi

Utoto wa sulfure ndi wofunikira pamakampani opanga nsalu, makamaka popanga mitundu yakuda ngati yakuda ndi yamadzi. Sodium sulfide ndi yofunika kwambiri pakupanga utotowu. Imalimbikitsa kutembenuka kwa utoto wapakati. Mwachitsanzo, mu anachita onunkhira amines kapena phenols ndi sulfure kapena polysulfides kupanga Mitundu ya sulfure, sodium sulfide imagwira ntchito ngati reactant yomwe imathandizira kuyendetsa patsogolo. Ikhoza kutenga nawo mbali pazochita zomwe zimabweretsa magulu a sulfure - omwe ali ndi magulu mumtundu wa utoto, womwe ndi wofunikira pakupanga mtundu - kupanga katundu wa chinthu chomaliza cha utoto.

Impact pa Final Dye Product Performance

Kukhalapo kwa sodium sulfide pakupanga utoto wa sulfure kumakhudzanso magwiridwe antchito a utoto womaliza. Ikhoza kukhudza zinthu monga kufulumira kwa mtundu, kusasunthika, komanso kulimba kwa utoto wonse. Poyang'anira momwe zinthu zilili ndi sodium sulfide, opanga amatha kukulitsa zinthu izi kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nsalu. Mwachitsanzo, sodium sulfide yoyenerera ingathandize kuti utoto usavutike kwambiri, n’cholinga choti nsaluyo ikhalebe ndi mtundu ikakhala padzuwa kwa nthawi yaitali.

Sodium Sulfide mu Njira Zopaka utoto

Monga Wochepetsera

1.Kuchepetsa Madyerero a Sulfur kuti Atengeke

Utoto wa sulfure, m'dziko lawo, susungunuka m'madzi ndipo sungathe kugwirizanitsa mwachindunji ku nsalu. Sodium sulfide imagwira ntchito ngati chochepetsera champhamvu. Amachepetsa utoto wa sulfure, kuswa zomangira za sulfure - sulfure mkati mwa mamolekyu a utoto. Njira yochepetserayi imasintha utoto wa sulfure wosasungunuka kukhala mitundu yosungunuka, yopanda mtundu yotchedwa leuco - compounds kapena mchere wa sodium wa leuco - form (mu alkaline medium). Mwachitsanzo, pamtundu wakuda wakuda wa sulfure, sodium sulfide imakhudzidwa ndi molekyulu ya utoto, kupereka ma elekitironi kuti athyole kulumikizana kwa sulfure - sulfure ndikupanga mitundu yosungunuka yomwe imatha kuyamwa ndi nsalu.

2.Kusunga Chilengedwe Chochepetsa

Panthawi yopaka utoto, ndikofunikira kuti pakhale malo ochepetserako kuti mupewe oxidation ya utoto wocheperako. Sodium sulfide imagwirabe ntchito ngati chochepetsera panthawi yonseyi, kuwonetsetsa kuti mtundu wa leuco wa utoto ukhale wokhazikika. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa ngati mawonekedwe a leuco - oxidized posachedwa, abwereranso ku malo ake osasungunuka ndipo sangathe kulowa bwino mu nsalu. Mphamvu yochepetsera ya sodium sulfide ndiyoti imatha kulimbana ndi ma oxidizing agents omwe angakhalepo mumadzi osambira a utoto, monga mpweya wosungunuka kuchokera mumlengalenga.

Monga Wopereka Alkalinity

1.Dye Solubilization

Kuphatikiza pa kuchepetsa ntchito yake, sodium sulfide imathandizira kuti alkalinity ya kusamba kwa utoto. Mtundu wa alkaline wa yankho umathandizira kusungunula utoto wocheperako wa sulfure. Pamene utoto wa sulfure umachepetsedwa ndi sodium sulfide, amapanga leuco - acids. Malo amchere operekedwa ndi sodium sulfide ndiye amachepetsa ma leuco - acids, kuwasandutsa m'mitundu yawo yamchere ya sodium, yomwe imasungunuka kwambiri m'madzi. Kusungunula kumeneku n'kofunika kuti yunifolomu igawidwe utoto mu kusamba kwa utoto ndi kutengeka kwake ndi nsalu.

2.Kutupa kwa Fiber ndi Kulowa kwa Dayi

Kuchuluka kwa mchere wochokera ku sodium sulfide kumapangitsanso kuti ulusi wa nsalu ufufute pang'ono. Kwa ulusi wachilengedwe monga thonje, yankho la alkaline limasokoneza kulumikizana kwa haidrojeni mkati mwa ulusi, kupangitsa kuti ikhale yochuluka kwambiri. Kutupa kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti mamolekyu a utoto wochepetsedwa alowe mosavuta mkati mwa ulusi. Zotsatira zake, ntchito yopaka utoto imakhala yogwira mtima kwambiri, ndipo kulowetsa kwamtundu ndi kufulumira kumakhala bwino.

Monga Thandizo Lodaya Pakukweza Ubwino

1.Kupititsa patsogolo Utoto wa Dye ndi Mlingo

Sodium sulfide imathandizira kutengera utoto pansalu. Ma ayoni a sodium omwe amatulutsidwa kuchokera ku sodium sulfide mumadzi osambira amatha kuyanjana ndi malo olakwika omwe ali pamtunda (pankhani ya ulusi wa cellulosic ngati thonje, womwe uli ndi vuto pang'ono chifukwa cha kukhalapo kwa magulu a hydroxyl). Kuyanjana kumeneku kumathandizira kukulitsa kukopa pakati pa mamolekyu a utoto ndi ulusi, kumathandizira kuti utoto ukhale wabwino. Kuphatikiza apo, imatha kuthandiziranso kufalitsa utoto wochulukirapo (mulingo) pansalu. Pothandizira kusuntha kwa mamolekyu a utoto kumtunda wa ulusi ndi kulowa mu ulusi, sodium sulfide imathandizira kuletsa mapangidwe a ma gradient a utoto, omwe angayambitse mitundu yosiyana.

2.Kupititsa patsogolo Kuthamanga Kwamtundu

Kugwiritsa ntchito sodium sulfide pakupaka utoto kumatha kupangitsa kuti nsalu yopaka utoto ikhale yofulumira kwambiri. Utoto wa sulfure wochepetsedwa, utatha kutengedwa ndi nsalu, umapangidwa ndi okosijeni kuti usinthe utoto wa sulfure wosasungunuka mkati mwa kapangidwe ka fiber. Kukhalapo kwa sodium sulfide panthawi yochepetsera koyambirira kumatsimikizira kuti utoto umagawidwa mofanana mu ulusi. Utotowo ukakhala ndi okosijeni ndi kukhazikika pamalo ake, kugaŵikana kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti utoto ukhale wofulumira kwambiri pouchapira, kuupaka, ndi kuunika. Mwachitsanzo, nsalu zotayidwa ndi utoto wa sulfure pogwiritsa ntchito sodium sulfide monga chochepetsera zimakonda kusunga mtundu wawo bwino pambuyo pochapira kangapo poyerekeza ndi zodayidwa ndi zochepetsera zina kapena pamikhalidwe yosayenera.

Kuchotsa Zonyansa za Fiber mu Pre - treatment

1. Desizing ndi Degumming

Pochiza ulusi musanadye, sodium sulfide ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochotsa zonyansa. Kwa ulusi wachilengedwe monga silika, womwe uli ndi sericin (chingamu - ngati chingamu), ndi thonje, zomwe zimatha kukhala ndi zinthu zopangira zovala zomwe zimawonjezeredwa popanga nsalu, sodium sulfide ingathandize pakupanga ndi kukonza. Mkhalidwe wamchere wa sodium sulfide ukhoza kuphwanya sericin mu silika ndi zoyezera mu thonje. Izi sizimangokonzekeretsa ulusi kuti utengeke bwino utoto komanso zimapangitsa kuti nsaluyo ikhale yabwino.

2.Scouring and Cleaning

Sodium sulfide ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito popukuta kuchotsa mafuta, mafuta, ndi zodetsa zina kuchokera pamwamba pa fiber. Mu bafa yosambitsa yomwe ili ndi sodium sulfide, malo amchere amathandiza kuti asungunuke ndi kuyeretsa mafuta omwe amapezeka pa ulusi. Izi zimapangitsa kuti pakhale ulusi woyeretsa, womwe ndi wofunikira kuti udaye wofanana. Pochotsa zonyansazi, sodium sulfide imatsimikizira kuti mamolekyu a utoto amatha kulumikizana mwachindunji ndi ulusiwo popanda kusokonezedwa ndi zonyansa zapamtunda.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Moyenera Ndi Kuganizira

Zofunikira za Mlingo

Kuchuluka kwa sodium sulfide amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito podaya utoto kumasiyanasiyana malinga ndi zinthu zingapo, monga mtundu wa utoto, nsalu imene amapaka, ndi kuya kwa mtundu womwe mukufuna. Nthawi zambiri, popaka utoto wa sulfure, mlingo wa sodium sulfide umakhala wapakati pa 20% - 100% ya kulemera kwa utoto. Komabe, kukhathamiritsa mosamala ndikofunikira. Kugwiritsa ntchito sodium sulfide yocheperako kumatha kupangitsa kuti utoto ukhale wosakwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti utoto ukhale wocheperako komanso kutsika kwa utoto. Kumbali inayi, kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso kungayambitse mavuto monga kuchepetsa - kuchepetsa, komwe kungakhudze mtundu wamtundu komanso kumayambitsa kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe chifukwa cha sulfide yochuluka mumatope.

Mphamvu Zachilengedwe

Kugwiritsa ntchito sodium sulfide m'makampani opaka utoto kumakhala ndi zotsatira za chilengedwe. Akatayidwa m'madzi, ma sulfide ions amatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi madzi ndi okosijeni kupanga mpweya wa hydrogen sulfide, womwe umakhala ndi fungo lamphamvu, losasangalatsa komanso lowopsa ku zamoyo zam'madzi. Kuti achepetse izi, njira zoyenera zochizira madzi oyipa ndizofunikira. Izi zingaphatikizepo mpweya wotulutsa ma sulfide ions ku ayoni osavulaza kwambiri a sulfate, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira zopangira mpweya kuti muchotse sulfide pamene zitsulo za sulfide zimayamba. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyesayesa kukuchitika kuti pakhale njira zokhazikika zodaya zomwe zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito sodium sulfide kapena kupeza njira zina zochepetsera zachilengedwe.

Kutsiliza

Sodium sulfide ndi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri pakupanga utoto pamakampani opanga nsalu. Mapangidwe ake apadera amankhwala, monga chochepetsera, operekera alkalinity, ndi chithandizo chopaka utoto, zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zofunikira pakupanga ndi kugwiritsa ntchito utoto wa sulfure. Zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kuti nsalu zopaka utoto zimakhala zabwino, kuyambira pakulimbikitsa kutengedwa ndi utoto mpaka kuwongolera mtundu. Komabe, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumafunikiranso kuganiziridwa mozama kuti agwirizane bwino ndi zovuta zachilengedwe. Pamene makampani opanga nsalu akupitilirabe kuzinthu zokhazikika, gawo la sodium sulfide lingafunike kuwunikiridwanso, ndipo kuyesetsa kupanga umisiri wina womwe ungathe kukwaniritsa zotsatira zopaka utoto zofananira ndi kuchepa kwa chilengedwe kudzakhala kofunikira kwambiri.