Zotsatira za Kuchita Pakati pa Sodium Cyanide ndi Acid

Sodium cyanide ndi poizoni kwambiri pawiri zomwe zimatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zoopsa kwambiri zikakumana nazo Asidis. Izi anachita sikuti ili ndi nkhawa m'mafakitale ndi ma labotale okha komanso ili ndi tanthauzo lalikulu pachitetezo cha anthu komanso kuteteza chilengedwe.

The Chemical Reaction Mechanism

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) ndi maziko amphamvu ndipo ikakumana ndi asidi, zimachitika. Zomwe zimachitika zitha kuyimiridwa motere: NaCN + H⁺ → HCN + Na⁺. Pochita izi, cyanide ion (CN⁻) mkati sodium cyanide amaphatikizana ndi hydrogen ion (H⁺) kuchokera ku asidi kupanga hydrogen cyanide (HCN). Izi zitha kuchitika ngakhale ndi ma acid ofooka, monga Sodium Cyanide ndi zotakasika kwambiri pawiri pamaso pa zinthu acidic.

Kupanga Mafuta a Toxic Hydrogen Cyanide

Kwambiri yomweyo ndi choopsa zotsatira za anachita pakati Sodium cyanide ndi asidi ndi kupanga mpweya wa hydrogen cyanide. Hydrogen cyanide ndi chinthu chapoizoni kwambiri komanso chosasinthika. Ngakhale m'malo otsika, kupuma kwa hydrogen cyanide kumatha kuwopseza moyo. Mpweyawu umagwira ntchito polepheretsa thupi kugwiritsa ntchito oxygen pamlingo wa ma cell. Mwachindunji, imamangiriza ku chitsulo mu cytochrome c oxidase, puloteni yomwe imakhudzidwa ndi mayendedwe a ma elekitironi a kupuma kwa ma cell. Kumanga kumeneku kumasokoneza kayendedwe kabwino ka ma elekitironi, kulepheretsa maselo kupanga adenosine triphosphate (ATP), yomwe ndi ndalama yamphamvu ya selo. Zotsatira zake, maselo amalephera kugwira ntchito bwino, zomwe zimayambitsa zizindikiro monga kupuma mofulumira, chizungulire, mutu, nseru, ndipo nthawi zambiri, kutaya chidziwitso, kupuma movutikira, ndi imfa.

Kuwononga chilengedwe

Kutulutsidwa kwa mpweya wa hydrogen cyanide m'chilengedwe chifukwa cha zochita za sodium cyanide ndi asidi kungayambitse kuipitsidwa kwakukulu kwa chilengedwe. Mumlengalenga, mpweya ukhoza kumwazikana ndi kukhudza malo aakulu. Itha kunyamulidwa ndi mphepo, zomwe zimatha kuwonetsa madera apafupi, nyama zakuthengo, ndi zomera ku zotsatira zake zoyipa. Ngati zomwe zimachitika pafupi ndi matupi amadzi, hydrogen cyanide imatha kupasuka m'madzi, ndikupanga hydrocyanic acid. Zimenezi zingachititse kuti madzi a m’mwamba aipitsidwe, zomwenso zingawononge zamoyo za m’madzi. Zamoyo zam'madzi zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi cyanide, ndipo ngakhale milingo yotsika imatha kuwononga machitidwe awo amanjenje, ma gill, ndi ziwalo zina zofunika kwambiri, zomwe zimatsogolera kufa kwa anthu ambiri - nsomba ndi mitundu ina yam'madzi.

Kuopsa kwa Moto ndi Kuphulika

Hydrogen cyanide sikuti ndi poizoni komanso yoyaka. Kuphulika kwa hydrogen cyanide mumlengalenga ndi 5.6% - 40% ndi voliyumu. Ngati zomwe zimachitika pakati pa sodium cyanide ndi asidi zimachitika pamalo otsekedwa kapena opanda mpweya wabwino momwe mpweya wa hydrogen cyanide ungathe kuwunjikana mkati mwa malo ophulikawa, ndipo gwero lamoto limakhalapo (monga spark, lawi lotseguka, kapena malo otentha), pali chiopsezo chachikulu cha moto kapena kuphulika. Chochitika choterechi chingayambitse kuwonongeka kwina kwa katundu, kutulutsanso zinthu zapoizoni, ndikuyika pachiwopsezo miyoyo ya anthu obwera mwadzidzidzi ndi okhala pafupi.

Njira Zopewera ndi Chitetezo

Kuti mupewe zotsatira zowopsa za zomwe zimachitika pakati pa sodium cyanide ndi asidi, ndondomeko zotetezedwa ziyenera kutsatiridwa. M'mafakitale omwe amagwiritsa ntchito sodium cyanide, kusungidwa koyenera ndikofunikira. Sodium cyanide iyenera kusungidwa pamalo ozizira, owuma, kutali ndi zidulo ndi zinthu zina zotakataka. Malo okhala nawonso akuyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wokwanira kuti ateteze kuchulukira kwa mpweya wa hydrogen cyanide ngati kutayikira kapena mwangozi. Ogwira ntchito ya sodium cyanide ayenera kuphunzitsidwa njira zoyenera zotetezera, kuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zodzitetezera monga gasi - suti zothina, zopumira, ndi magolovesi. Pakatayika kapena kuganiziridwa, mapulani adzidzidzi ayenera kukhalapo, omwe angaphatikizepo kugwiritsa ntchito zida zochepetsera mphamvu kuti zigwirizane ndi mpweya wa hydrogen cyanide womwe watulutsidwa kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zoyamwitsa kuti zikhale ndi madzi otayira.

Pomaliza, zomwe zimachitika pakati pa sodium cyanide ndi asidi ndizowopsa ku thanzi la anthu, chilengedwe, komanso chitetezo. Kumvetsetsa zotsatira zomwe zingachitike chifukwa cha izi ndizofunikira kwa mafakitale omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa, komanso kwa anthu ogwira ntchito mwadzidzidzi komanso anthu onse. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zoyenera zotetezera ndikuzindikira kuopsa kwake, mwayi ndi kuopsa kwa zochitika zokhudzana ndi sodium cyanide ndi acid reaction zikhoza kuchepetsedwa.