Kusiyana pakati pa mankhwala zopangira sodium cyanide ndi potaziyamu cyanide

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) ndi potaziyamu cyanide (KCN) onse ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga mankhwala okhala ndi ntchito zamafakitale. Komabe, ali ndi makhalidwe apadera omwe amawasiyanitsa m’mbali zosiyanasiyana. Tiyeni tifufuze kusiyana kwawo mwatsatanetsatane m'magawo angapo.

Zida zakuthupi

Maonekedwe

Potaziyamu cyanide nthawi zambiri imawoneka ngati zotupa zolimba zozungulira, pomwe sodium cyanide amawoneka mu mawonekedwe a crystalline granules woyera kapena ufa. Kuphatikiza apo, potaziyamu cyanide imatulutsa fungo losamveka bwino la amondi, lomwe lingakhale chinthu chobisika koma chofunikira chozindikiritsa. Komano, sodium cyanide, imakhala ndi hygroscopic kwambiri ndipo imawonetsa zinthu zowononga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale koyenera kusungidwa ndikusamalira mosamala kwambiri kuteteza kuyamwa kwa chinyezi komanso kuwonongeka kwa zotengera zomwe zingasungidwe.

Melting Point

Ponena za malo osungunuka, potaziyamu cyanide ali ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri pafupifupi 634.5 ° C, pamene Sodium Cyanide imasungunuka pa 563.7 ° C. Kusiyanaku kwa malo osungunuka kungakhudze kukonza kwawo ndikugwiritsa ntchito m'mafakitale omwe kuwongolera kutentha ndikofunikira.

Kutupa

Pankhani ya kusungunuka, potaziyamu cyanide amasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi ndi glycerol, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana zamadzimadzi. Sodium cyanide, mosiyana, imasonyeza kusungunuka kwa ammonia ndi ethanol, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito muzochitika zenizeni za mankhwala ndi njira zopangira zomwe zimafuna zosungunulirazi.

kachulukidwe

Kachulukidwe ka mitundu iwiriyi imasiyanasiyananso, ndi potaziyamu cyanide yokhala ndi kachulukidwe ka 1.52 g/cm³ ndi Sodium cyanide kukhala wonenepa pafupifupi 1.60 g/cm³. Kusiyanasiyana kwa kachulukidweku kumatha kukhudza kagwiridwe, mayendedwe, ndi njira zosakanikirana m'mafakitale.

Zakudya Zamakono

Reactivity ndi Zinthu Zina

Pankhani ya reactivity ya mankhwala, potaziyamu cyanide imakhudzidwa ndi zidulo kuti ipange mpweya wapoizoni wa hydrogen cyanide, zomwe ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala kuti ziletse kutulutsa kwakupha kumeneku. Sodium cyanide, ikafika ku carbon dioxide, imawonongeka pang'onopang'ono, khalidwe lomwe limakhudza kusungidwa kwake ndi kukhazikika kwake pakapita nthawi. Potaziyamu cyanide imatulutsa kutentha pamene ikugwira ntchito ndi madzi, zomwe zingayambitse ngozi ngati sizikuyendetsedwa bwino. Sodium cyanide, ikasakanizidwa ndi oxidizer amphamvu, imatha kuyambitsa kuphulika, kugogomezera kufunikira kwa ma protocol okhwima.

Mapulogalamu

Zogwiritsa Ntchito Zamakampani

Kugwiritsa ntchito potaziyamu cyanide ndi sodium cyanide kumasiyana kwambiri. Potaziyamu cyanide imagwira ntchito kwambiri m'makampani opanga ma electroplating, komwe imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakukweza komanso kulimba kwa zokutira zachitsulo. Imagwiranso ntchito ngati gawo lapakati pakupanga organic, zomwe zimathandizira kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamagulu. Kuphatikiza apo, potaziyamu cyanide imakhudzidwa ndikukonzekera fericyanides, omwe ali ndi ntchito pojambula ndi njira zina zamakina.

Komano, sodium cyanide amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochotsa zitsulo zamtengo wapatali monga golide. Kutha kwake kupanga zolimba zokhala ndi ma ion a golide kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunika kwambiri pakukumba migodi ya golide ndi ntchito zoyenga. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga ma nitriles, omwe ndi ofunikira kwambiri popanga mankhwala ambiri, mapulasitiki, ndi mankhwala. Kuphatikiza apo, sodium cyanide imagwira ntchito m'makampani opanga mankhwala, ngakhale kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kumayendetsedwa bwino chifukwa cha kuopsa kwake.

Zilingaliro Za Chitetezo

Kusamalira ndi Kusunga

Chitetezo ndichofunika kwambiri polimbana ndi potaziyamu cyanide ndi sodium cyanide chifukwa cha kawopsedwe kawo. Potaziyamu cyanide nthawi zambiri amayikidwa mu ng'oma zachitsulo zomata kuti asatayike komanso kuwonekera. Iyenera kunyamulidwa motsatira malamulo owopsa a mankhwala, ndipo kupanga kwake kumafuna njira zotetezeka zotetezera ogwira ntchito kuti asatengeke. Pakakhala kukhudzana ndi khungu ndi potaziyamu cyanide, chithandizo chamankhwala nthawi yomweyo chimafunika chifukwa chingayambitse poyizoni. Kudya ngakhale pang'ono kumatha kupha.

Sodium cyanide iyenera kusungidwa pamalo ozizira, owuma kuti asatengere chinyezi ndi kuwonongeka. Pogwira, kusamala kuyenera kuchitidwa kuti mupewe kuwonongeka kwa chidebe, chifukwa kutayikira kulikonse kungayambitse kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe ndikuyika chiwopsezo chachikulu paumoyo wamunthu. Pakakhala kutayikira kwa sodium cyanide, pali njira zofananira zoyankhira mwadzidzidzi kuti muchepetse kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe ndi chitetezo cha anthu. Kukoka mpweya wa sodium cyanide kumatha kuwononga kwambiri kupuma, komanso kumabweretsa chiwopsezo choipitsidwa ndi chilengedwe ngati sichikuyendetsedwa bwino.

Pomaliza, ngakhale potaziyamu cyanide ndi sodium cyanide amagawana zomwe zimafanana ndi kawopsedwe koopsa, kusiyana kwawo pazathupi, machitidwe amankhwala, kagwiritsidwe ntchito, komanso zofunikira zachitetezo ndizokulirapo. Kumvetsetsa kusiyanitsa kumeneku ndikofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti akugwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera m'njira zosiyanasiyana zamafakitale. Mitundu yonse iwiriyi imafuna kutsata malamulo okhwima, kusamalitsa mosamala, ndi kasamalidwe koyenera kuti apewe ngozi, kuteteza thanzi la anthu, ndi kuteteza chilengedwe.