Zofunikira Zaukadaulo za Granulation, Kupiritsa ndi Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa munjira ya Golide Mulu Leaching

Njira yochotsera miyala yagolide kapena miyala yoyandama pa chinthu choyambira ndikupopera madzi a Sodium cyanide kuti asungunuke golide m'dothi ndikulichotsa mu yankho la mimba. Njirayi ikuphatikizapo kumanga malo ochotsera miyala, kukonza miyala yamtengo wapatali (kuiphwanya kapena kuiyika mu granulation), kuiyika mu granulation, kuiyika mu granulation, kuiyika mu granulation, kuiyika mu granulation, kuiyika mu granulation, kuichotsa mu granulation, komanso kuichotsa mu granulation. Panthawi yochotsa miyala yamtengo wapatali, magawo angapo ayenera kulamulidwa kuti apeze zotsatira zabwino. Nkhaniyi ifotokoza zofunikira zaukadaulo za granulation, kuiyika mu granulation ndi kuiyika mu granulation.

1. Granulation

Kuti njira yochotsera golide mulu wa miyala ipambane, zinthu zochotsera golide ziyenera kukhala ndi malo olowera bwino kuti mankhwala a cyanide adutse mofanana mulu wa miyala. Mamineral ambiri amafunika kuphwanyidwa mpaka 25.4mm kapena kuphwanyidwa bwino asanayambe kuphwanyidwa kuti golide amene ali mu miyalayo awonekere ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa golide amene akuchira.

Pa nthawi yothira mchere, kuchuluka kwa laimu komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyenera kufika pa pH pakati pa 9.5 - 10.5. Chifukwa cha chinyezi chambiri cha miyala (yomwe ili ndi madzi opitilira 10%) komanso zinyalala zambiri mu miyala, kuchuluka kwa Sodium Cyanide kuyenera kuwonjezeka panthawi yothira mchere. Kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide kumayendetsedwa pafupifupi magalamu 60 - 150 pa tani imodzi ya miyala yagolide. Madzi onse a miyala yagolide nthawi zambiri sayenera kupitirira 30%, apo ayi miyala yagolide imatha kumasuka ndikufewa. Nthawi yothira iyenera kukhala maola opitilira 72. Ngati mvula ikagwa panthawi yothira mchere, mbewuzo ziyenera kuphimbidwa kuti golide asatayike.

2. Kusenda

Malo otsetsereka mulu wa golidi akhoza kukhazikitsidwa pamtunda, m'chigwa kapena pamtunda. Komabe, pa malo otsetsereka, otsetsereka a 3% - 5% amafunika. Kutalika kwa mulu wa ore sikuyenera kukhala kokwezeka kwambiri poyambira, makamaka 3 - 4 metres, ndipo kumatha kuonjezeredwa pambuyo pa kukhazikika kwa leaching.

Pambuyo poyeretsa ndi kulinganiza nthaka, pamafunika mankhwala oletsa kutuluka kwa madzi. Pofuna kuteteza mulu wa miyala, ngalande zotulutsira madzi ziyeneranso kuyikidwa mozungulira malo otulutsira madzi. Chitsulo cha malo otulutsira madzi chikhoza kuyikidwa pamaziko opapatiza okhala ndi makulidwe pafupifupi 0.5m, kenako sodium Carbon solution imathiridwa kuti iwonjezere mphamvu zake zoletsa kutuluka kwa madzi.

3. Kupopera mbewu

3.1 Kuthirira kwa Utsi

The agglomerated ore particles pambuyo granulation sayenera kutsukidwa kachiwiri. Phindu la pH liyenera kusinthidwa kudzera mu ndondomeko ya granulation. Chifukwa cha zovuta za ore za golide, kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide pakupopera koyambirira kumatha kuwonjezeka moyenera. Ikhoza kuwongoleredwa pa 0.1% - 0.08% panthawi yachiwombankhanga (pamene ndende ya leaching ya golidi ndiyokwera kwambiri), ndiyeno ikhoza kuchepetsedwa kukhala 0.08% - 0.06%. Pambuyo pake, imatha kuchepetsedwa kukhala 0.04% - 0.02%. Kuchuluka kwa sodium cyanide kumatha kusinthidwa nthawi iliyonse malinga ndi zomwe zili mu golide mu njira yoyembekezera.

3.2 Kupopera Kozungulira

Nthawi yopopera mbewu mankhwalawa nthawi zambiri imakhala maola 7 - 8 patsiku, ndipo sayenera kupitirira maola 10 (koma mlingo uyenera kuchepetsedwa). Nthawi zambiri, amapopera kwa ola limodzi ndikuyimitsa kwa ola limodzi kapena kupopera kwa ola limodzi ndikusiya kwa ola la 1. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa sikuyenera kukhala motalika, kuti mulu wa ore uzitha kupuma mpweya popanda kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Ngati kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi nthawi yayitali komanso kuchulukirachulukira, kumawonjezera kuchuluka kwa yankho, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mowa wa mayi, ndikuwononga sodium cyanide. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, idzawonjezera kuchuluka kwa mowa wa amayi ndikukhudza mphamvu ya adsorption ya carbon yodzaza golide.

3.3 Kuchuluka kwa Utsi

Mphamvu ya kupopera imagwirizana ndi nthawi yopopera ndi kuchuluka kwa kupopera. Kawirikawiri, mphamvu ya kupopera iyenera kulamulidwa pa 6 - 20L/m2•h (6 - 20L/m2×ola), ndipo osapitirira 25 - 30L/m2•h (zomwe zitha kuwerengedwa malinga ndi dera la malo otulutsira madzi, kuchuluka kwa kupopera tsiku ndi tsiku ndi nthawi). Ngati mphamvu ya kupopera ili yayikulu, idzawonjezera kuchuluka kwa yankho la mimba, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa golide, ndikukhudza mphamvu ya kupopera ya Activated Carbon (nthawi zambiri, mphamvu ya kupopera ya kaboni woyambitsa ndi 8 - 10kg/t). Ngati kuchuluka kwa yankho la mimba ndi kwakukulu, mkati mwa nthawi yomweyo ya kupopera, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kochepa kwa golide, kuchuluka kwa kupopera kudzachepa ndipo nthawi ya kupopera idzatalikitsidwa, zomwe zidzawonjezeranso ntchito ndi mtengo wa desorption ndi electrolysis system. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa kupopera sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kwambiri ndipo kuchuluka kwa kupopera sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kwambiri.

Pomaliza, zomwe zili pamwambazi ndizomwe zimafunikira paukadaulo wa granulation, mulu ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa mulu wagolide. Njira yopangira milu ya golide imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri chifukwa cha njira yake yosavuta, zida zochepa komanso zotsika mtengo. Pakupanga kwenikweni, eni migodi ayenera kusamala kuwongolera magawo a ulalo uliwonse kuti awonetsetse kuti zotsatira zake zikuyenda bwino.