Poizoni wa Cyanide: Zomwe Zimayambitsa, Zizindikiro, ndi Kuyankha Mwadzidzidzi

Cyanide, mankhwala oopsa kwambiri, akhala akudetsa nkhawa kwa nthawi yayitali chifukwa amatha kuvulaza kwambiri thanzi la munthu. Mwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya cyanide, sodium cyanide chimadziwika kuti ndi chinthu choopsa kwambiri, chomwe chimakonda kuchitika ngozi zamakampani, ndipo nthawi zambiri, kupha mwadala. Kumvetsetsa chikhalidwe cha sodium poizoni wa cyanide, zizindikiro zake, ndi kuyankhidwa koyenera kwadzidzidzi ndikofunikira kuti titeteze miyoyo ya anthu ndikuchepetsa zotsatira za nthawi yayitali za matendawa.

Kumvetsetsa Sodium Cyanide

Sodium cyanide ndi yoyera, yolimba mwa kristalo yokhala ndi amondi wofooka - ngati fungo. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza migodi, electroplating, ndi kupanga mankhwala. M'mafakitale awa, ogwira ntchito akhoza kuwonetsedwa Sodium Cyanide kudzera pokoka mpweya, kukhudza khungu, kapena kumeza. Kuonjezera apo, Sodium cyanide akhoza kulowa m'chilengedwe kudzera m'zinyalala za mafakitale ndikuika chiopsezo kwa anthu wamba.

Pamene sodium cyanide ilowa m'thupi, imasiyanitsidwa ndi ayoni a cyanide. Ma ions awa amamangiriza ku cytochrome c oxidase, enzyme yofunikira pakupumira kwa ma cell. Zotsatira zake, maselo sangathe kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zizindikiro ziyambe mofulumira.

Zizindikiro za Poizoni wa Sodium Cyanide

Zizindikiro za poyizoni wa sodium cyanide zimatha kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi njira komanso kuchuluka kwa kukhudzidwa. Zizindikiro zoyamba zingaphatikizepo:

1. Mavuto a kupuma: Kupuma movutikira, kupuma mofulumirirapo, komanso kumva kukomoka ndi zizindikiro zofala za poyizoni wa cyanide. Pamene matendawa akupita patsogolo, kupuma kumatha kuchepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kupuma kumangidwe.

2. Mutu ndi chizungulire: Ozunzidwa nthawi zambiri amadwala mutu kwambiri, chizungulire, ndi chisokonezo. Nthawi zina, amathanso kukomoka.

3. Zotsatira zamtima: Poyizoni wa cyanide ungayambitse kugunda kwa mtima mwachangu kapena kosakhazikika, kuthamanga kwa magazi, ndipo pamapeto pake mtima umalephera.

4. Zizindikiro za m'mimba: Mseru, kusanza, ndi ululu wa m'mimba zimanenedwanso pafupipafupi.

Kuyankha Mwadzidzidzi

1. Kuchotsedwa mwamsanga kuchokera ku gwero la kuwonetseredwa: Ngati chiphecho chikachitika m’mafakitale kapena pamalo pomwe pali cyanide, wovulalayo achotsedwe msanga pamalo olowera mpweya wabwino. Zikakhudza khungu, zovala zowonongeka ziyenera kuchotsedwa mwamsanga, ndipo malo omwe akhudzidwawo ayenera kutsukidwa bwino ndi madzi kwa mphindi khumi ndi zisanu.

2. Itanani chithandizo chamankhwala mwadzidzidzi: Imbani nambala yadzidzidzi yakuderalo (monga 911 ku United States) mwachangu momwe mungathere. Perekani wogwiritsa ntchito zambiri zapoizoni wa cyanide, kuphatikizapo malo, chiwerengero cha ozunzidwa, ndi zizindikiro zilizonse zooneka.

3. Perekani thandizo loyamba: Ngati wovulalayo sakupuma, yambani kubwezeretsa mtima wamtima (CPR) nthawi yomweyo. Ngati zilipo, gwiritsani ntchito makina opangira makina opangira magetsi (AED) malinga ndi malangizo a wopanga.

4. Chithandizo m'chipatala: M'chipatala, chithandizo choyambirira cha poizoni wa cyanide ndikuwongolera mankhwala. Hydroxocobalamin ndi mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri omwe amamangiriza ku ayoni a cyanide, kupanga mankhwala owopsa kwambiri omwe amatha kuchotsedwa m'thupi. Sodium thiosulfate itha kuperekedwanso kuti ipititse patsogolo njira yochotsa poizoni m'thupi.

Prevention

1. Njira zotetezera mafakitale: Olemba ntchito m'mafakitale omwe amagwiritsa ntchito sodium cyanide ayenera kutsata njira zotetezera kuti asawonekere. Izi zikuphatikiza kupatsa ogwira ntchito zida zodzitetezera zoyenera, monga zopumira ndi magolovesi, ndikuwaphunzitsa zachitetezo pafupipafupi.

2. Kuwunika zachilengedwe: Kuyang'anira chilengedwe cha kuipitsidwa kwa cyanide ndikofunikira, makamaka m'malo omwe ali pafupi ndi mafakitale. Kuyezetsa mpweya, madzi, ndi nthaka nthawi zonse kungathandize kudziwa komwe kungatenge matenda ndi kupewa kufalikira.

Poizoni wa sodium cyanide ndi vuto lalikulu lachipatala lomwe limafuna chisamaliro chanthawi yomweyo. Pomvetsetsa zomwe zimayambitsa, zizindikiro, ndi njira zoyankhira mwadzidzidzi, anthu amatha kuchitapo kanthu kuti adziteteze komanso kuti ateteze ena pakachitika ngozi. Kuphatikiza apo, kukhazikitsa njira zodzitetezera m'mafakitale ndikuwunika chilengedwe kungathandize kuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha zochitika zokhudzana ndi cyanide.