Zowopsa za Sodium Cyanide ku Nsomba ndi Zanyama Zina Zakuthengo

Introduction

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) ndi mankhwala oopsa kwambiri omwe amawopseza kwambiri nsomba ndi zina Nyama zakutchire. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwake m'njira zosiyanasiyana zamafakitale, monga migodi ya golide, ndi ntchito zoletsedwa monga usodzi wa cyanide, zabweretsa zovuta pazachilengedwe zam'madzi ndi zapadziko lapansi. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza za zoopsa zenizeni za sodium cyanide kwa zolengedwa zosatetezeka izi.

Zowopsa kwa Nsomba

Acute Toxicity

Cyanide ndi wovuta kwambiri

toxic ku nsomba. Ngakhale m'magulu otsika, amatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zakupha. Pamene cyanide ilipo m'madzi, nsomba zimayitenga kudzera m'matumbo awo. Cyanide ion (CN-) imamanga ku iron mu cytochrome oxidase enzyme m'maselo a nsomba. Kumangiriza kumeneku kumasokoneza mayendedwe a ma elekitironi, omwe ndi ofunikira pakupumira kwa aerobic. Chotsatira chake, nsombazi zimalephera kugwiritsa ntchito mpweya wabwino, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ma cell asphyxiation.

Mwachitsanzo, kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti cyanide ion ndende m'madzi ikafika 0.04 - 0.1mg/L, akhoza kupha mitundu yambiri ya nsomba. Pankhani ya kutayika kwa cyanide kapena kutaya kosayenera kwa cyanide - zomwe zili ndi zinyalala za mafakitale m'madzi, kupha nsomba zazikuluzikulu zawonedwa. M'madera ena a migodi ya golide komwe cyanide amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa, kutulutsidwa mwangozi kwachititsa kuti nsomba zikwizikwi m'mitsinje ndi mitsinje yoyandikana nayo ziphedwe.

Sub - zowopsa Zotsatirapo

Ngakhale nsomba sizifa nthawi yomweyo chifukwa cha kukhudzidwa kwa cyanide, zimatha kudwala kwambiri. Zotsatirazi zimatha kukhudza kakulidwe kawo, kubereka, ndi machitidwe awo. Kuwonekera kwa cyanide kungapangitse nsomba kukhala ndi chilakolako chochepa, zomwe zimakhudza kukula kwake. Zingathenso kusokoneza njira zawo zoberekera. Nsomba zachikazi zimatha kutulutsa mazira ochepa, ndipo mazirawo sangapambane bwino kwambiri.

Pankhani ya makhalidwe, nsomba zomwe zili ndi cyanide zomwe zimapha pang'ono zimatha kukhala zathanzi, zolephera kupewa adani, komanso kulephera kusambira. Izi zimawapangitsa kukhala osatetezeka m'malo awo achilengedwe.

Zotsatira Zachindunji Pamalo a Nsomba

Cyanide imathanso kukhala ndi zotsatira zosalunjika pa malo okhala nsomba. M'madera a m'nyanja, usodzi wa cyanide, mchitidwe wosaloledwa womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kugwira nsomba zamoyo ku malonda a m'madzi a m'madzi ndipo nthawi zina chakudya, wakhala vuto lalikulu. Asodzi akamanjenjemera Sodium Cyanide M'matanthwe a m'mphepete mwa nyanjayi n'cholinga chodabwitsa nsomba, cyanide imakhudzanso nsomba zomwe zikufuna kuphedwa komanso imawononganso miyala yamchere.

Matanthwe a Coral ndi malo ofunikira ku nsomba, kupereka chakudya, pogona, ndi malo oswana. Cyanide imatha kupangitsa kuti ma coral bleaching, ndiko kuthamangitsidwa kwa algae a symbiotic kuchokera ku ma coral polyps. Mlingo wocheperako, ukhoza kuwononga biology ya ma coral, ndipo ukachulukira, ungaphedweratu. Makorali akamwalira, chilengedwe chonse cha m’matanthwewo chimayamba kugwa, ndipo nsomba zimene zimadalira matanthwewo kuti zikhale ndi moyo zimasiyidwa popanda malo abwino okhala.

Zowopsa kwa Zamoyo Zina Zakuthengo

Aquatic Invertebrates

Zamoyo zam'madzi, monga nkhanu, mussels, ndi zooplankton, nazonso zimakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi cyanide. Mofanana ndi nsomba, cyanide imatha kusokoneza kupuma komanso kagayidwe kake ka metabolic. Zooplankton, zomwe zimapanga maziko a chakudya cham'madzi, ndizowopsa kwambiri. Ngati kuchuluka kwa zooplankton kuchepetsedwa ndi kuwonetsa kwa cyanide, zitha kukhala ndi zotsatirapo pazakudya zonse zam'madzi. Mwachitsanzo, nsomba zomwe zimadalira zooplankton monga gwero la chakudya zimakhala ndi zochepa zomwe zingadye, zomwe zingakhudzenso moyo wawo ndi kukula kwake.

Nkhono ndi bivalves ena akhoza kusefa cyanide - munali madzi, kudziunjikira poizoni mu minyewa yawo. Izi sizimangokhudza thanzi lawo komanso zimaika pangozi nyama zomwe zimadya, monga mbalame ndi otters.

Zanyama Zapadziko Lapansi

Zamoyo zakutchire zimatha kukhudzidwa ndi cyanide kudzera m'njira zosiyanasiyana. M'madera omwe ali pafupi ndi golide - ntchito zamigodi, nyama zakuthengo zimatha kukumana ndi magwero amadzi oipitsidwa ndi cyanide. Mwachitsanzo, nyama zimene zimamwa madzi m’mitsinje kapena maiwe amene aipitsidwa ndi cyanide yochokera ku zinyalala za m’migodi zingakhale ndi poizoni.

Mbalame zina zimatha kukopeka ndi ma cyanide - okhala ndi maiwe otsekera pamalo amigodi. Maiwewa amatha kukhala ndi cyanide wambiri, ndipo mbalame zikatera mmenemo kapena kudya nyama zomwe zakhudzana ndi cyanide, zimatha kupha. Kuphatikiza apo, zoyamwitsa zazing'ono zomwe zimakhala pafupi ndi mafakitale komwe cyanide imagwiritsidwa ntchito zimatha kumeza mwangozi dothi loipitsidwa ndi cyanide, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda kapena kufa.

Kutsiliza

Zowopsa za Sodium cyanide kupha nsomba ndi nyama zakuthengo ndizofunika komanso zofikira patali. Kuchokera pachiwopsezo chachindunji chomwe chimayambitsa kufa nthawi yomweyo mpaka kupha kwanthawi yayitali komanso kuwononga malo okhala, cyanide imayika chiwopsezo chachikulu pakukhala ndi moyo kwa zamoyo zambiri. Ndikofunikira kuti pakhale malamulo okhwima oletsa kugwiritsa ntchito cyanide mosaloledwa, monga usodzi wa cyanide, komanso kuti mafakitale omwe amagwiritsa ntchito cyanide akhazikitse njira zoyendetsera zinyalala komanso chitetezo kuti achepetse. kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe. Kuteteza zolengedwa zomwe zili pachiwopsezo ku zoopsa za cyanide ndikofunikira kuti tisunge bwino komanso kusiyanasiyana kwachilengedwe kwa chilengedwe chathu.c