Kodi sodium cyanide imathandizira bwanji pamigodi ya golide?

Mu zovuta ndi gwero - tima ndondomeko ya Migodi Yagolide, Sodium Cyanide imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri komanso yosamvetsetseka. Nkhaniyi ikufuna kufotokoza momveka bwino momwe mankhwalawa amathandizira kuti golide achotsedwe muzitsulo zake.

Mfundo ya Sodium Cyanide mu Kuchotsa Golide

Golide, m'chilengedwe chake, nthawi zambiri amakhala m'matanthwe otsika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kupatukana ndi miyala yozungulira ndi mchere. Sodium cyanide (NaCN) imachita ndi golide munjira yomwe imadziwika kuti Cyanidation. Ma cyanide ions mu sodium cyanide kupanga khola zovuta ndi ayoni golide. Chemical reaction imatha kuyimiridwa motere:

4Au + 8NaCN+O_{2}+2H_{2}O\rightarrow4Na[Au(CN)_{2}]+4NaOH

Izi zimasungunula golide ku miyala yamtengo wapatali, kumulekanitsa ndi gangue (minerals ndi miyala yosafunikira). Golide wotsatira - cyanide complex, [Au(CN)_{2}]^{-}, amasungunuka m'madzi, chomwe chiri chinsinsi cha kupatukana kwake ndi zigawo zina za ore.

Njira Yogwiritsira Ntchito Sodium Cyanide mu Migodi ya Golide

1. Kukonzekera Ore: Choyamba, golide wopangidwa ndi golide amaphwanyidwa ndikuphwanyidwa kukhala ufa wabwino. Izi zimawonjezera kumtunda kwa ore, kulola kulumikizana bwino pakati pa tinthu tagolide ndi golide Sodium cyanide Yankho.

2. Leaching: Miyala ya ufayo imayikidwa m'matangi akuluakulu kapena milu, ndipo madzi osungunuka a sodium cyanide amawapopera kapena kupyola. Njira ya cyanide imasungunula golide pang'onopang'ono pakapita nthawi yomwe imatha kuyambira maola angapo mpaka masiku angapo, kutengera mtundu wa miyalayo.

3. Kubwezeretsanso Golide - Cyanide Complex: pambuyo pa Kulalikira Njira, yankho lomwe lili ndi golide - cyanide complex limasiyanitsidwa ndi zotsalira zolimba (gangue). Izi kawirikawiri zimachitika kudzera mu njira monga kusefera kapena sedimentation.

4. Kugwa kwa Golide: Kuti mupeze golide woyera kuchokera ku golide - cyanide complex solution, chochepetsera, monga fumbi la zinc, chimawonjezeredwa. Zinc imachotsa golide pamalowo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti golideyo atuluke ngati olimba. Chemical reaction ndi motere:

2Na[Au(CN)_{2}]+Zn\rightarrow2Au + Na_{2}[Zn(CN)_{4}]

Golide wonyezimira ndiye amayengedwanso kudzera munjira monga kusungunula kuti apeze golide woyengedwa kwambiri.

Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Sodium Cyanide mu Migodi ya Golide

1. Kuchita Bwino: Cyanidation ndi imodzi mwa njira zothandiza kwambiri zopezera golide kuchokera ku miyala yamtengo wapatali. Ikhoza kubwezeretsanso gawo lalikulu la golide wopezeka mu miyala yamtengo wapatali, nthawi zambiri kufika pa 80 - 95% pochita bwino.

2. Kusankhidwa: Sodium cyanide imasonyeza kusankhidwa kwakukulu kwa golide. Imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi golide kuposa mchere wambiri womwe umapezeka mu miyala ya golide, yomwe imathandiza kulekanitsa golide ndi kusakaniza kosavuta kwa zinthu mosavuta.

3. Mtengo - Kuchita bwino: Poyerekeza ndi njira zina zochotsera golide, monga kuphatikiza mercury (komwe kuli ndi zoopsa zachilengedwe komanso thanzi) kapena zovuta kwambiri komanso njira zamakina owonjezera mphamvu, cyanidation pogwiritsa ntchito sodium cyanide ndiyotsika mtengo - yothandiza, makamaka pantchito zazikulu zamigodi.

Kuganizira Zachilengedwe ndi Chitetezo

Ngakhale kuti ndizothandiza, kugwiritsa ntchito sodium cyanide mumigodi ya golidi sikuli kopanda kutsutsana. Sodium cyanide ndi poizoni kwambiri. Kutayikira kulikonse kapena kusagwira bwino kwa sodium cyanide solution kumatha kuwopseza kwambiri chilengedwe komanso thanzi la anthu. Ikatayika, cyanide imatha kuwononga nthaka, magwero a madzi, ndikuwononga zamoyo zam'madzi. Kuti achepetse zoopsazi, makampani opanga migodi amagwiritsa ntchito njira zotetezeka. Izi zikuphatikizapo mizere iwiri ya malo osungiramo ndi madzi otsekemera, kuyang'anitsitsa mosalekeza kuchuluka kwa cyanide m'mitsinje ya zinyalala, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zothandizira kuchotseratu poizoni wa cyanide - wokhala ndi zinyalala musanatayidwe. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyesayesa kukuchitika kuti pakhale njira zina zochotsera golidi zowongoka bwino, koma pakadali pano, cyanidation yokhala ndi sodium cyanide ikadali njira yayikulu kwambiri pantchito yamigodi ya golide chifukwa chakuchita bwino komanso mtengo wake.

Pomaliza, sodium cyanide ndi chida chofunikira pamigodi yamakono ya golide. Kutha kwake kusungunula golide kuchokera ku ore, kuphatikiza ndi mtengo wake wotsika komanso wokwera kwambiri, kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunika kwambiri pakuchotsa chitsulo chamtengo wapatali ichi. Komabe, makampaniwa akuyenera kupitiliza kulinganiza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake ndi njira zokhazikika zachilengedwe ndi chitetezo kuti zitsimikizire kuti migodi ya golide ikhazikika.