Kodi malamulo ndi malangizo osungira sodium cyanide ndi ati?

Sodium cyanide ndi mankhwala oopsa kwambiri. Chifukwa cha kuopsa kwake kwakukulu, malamulo okhwima ndi malangizo akuyenera kutsatiridwa panthawi yosungirako kuti ateteze ngozi, kuteteza thanzi la anthu, ndi kuteteza chilengedwe.

1. Zofunikira pa Malo

1.1 Malo Osungira

• kutchinjiriza: Sodium cyanide iyenera kusungidwa m'malo odzipatulira, akutali omwe ali osiyana ndi mankhwala ena, makamaka omwe angagwirizane nawo. Kudzipatula kumeneku kumathandiza kupewa zinthu zomwe zingayambitse kutulutsa mpweya wapoizoni wa hydrogen cyanide. Mwachitsanzo, sayenera kusungidwa pafupi ndi zidulo monga anachita pakati Sodium cyanide ndipo zidulo zimatha kutulutsa mpweya wapoizoni wa haidrojeni sianidi.

• Kutali ndi Madera Okhala Anthu: Malo osungiramo zinthu ayenera kukhala kutali ndi malo okhala, masukulu, zipatala, ndi malo ena onse. Izi zimachepetsa chiopsezo chovulaza anthu ambiri ngati atatulutsidwa mwangozi. Magawo akumafakitale okhala ndi zotchingira zotetezedwa zoyenera ndi malo abwino kusungika Sodium Cyanide.

1.2 Ntchito Zomangamanga

• Mapangidwe Olimba: Nyumba yosungiramo zinthu iyenera kumangidwa ndi zida zolimba komanso zolimba. Iyenera kulimbana ndi mphamvu zakunja monga masoka achilengedwe (mwachitsanzo, zivomezi, mphepo yamkuntho) kuteteza kuwonongeka komwe kungayambitse kutayikira kwa sodium cyanide. Zomangamanga zolimba za konkriti nthawi zambiri zimakondedwa chifukwa champhamvu komanso kukhazikika kwawo.

• Pansi Pansi ndi Zipupa: Pansi ndi makoma a malo osungiramo zinthu ziyenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zosatha. Izi zimalepheretsa kutayikira kwa sodium cyanide solution ngati itatayika komanso kumateteza nyumbayo ku zowonongeka za mankhwalawo. Epoxy - zokutira pansi ndi makoma nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo osungira oterowo.

2. Malamulo a Chidebe Chosungira

2.1 Zofunikira za Container

• ngakhale: Zotengera zosungiramo sodium cyanide ziyenera kupangidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimagwirizana ndi mankhwalawo. Zotengera zachitsulo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri chifukwa zimakana kuwononga kwa sodium cyanide. Komabe, ziyenera kukhala zokutidwa bwino kapena kuikidwa pamzere kuti zisachite dzimbiri, zomwe zingasokoneze kukhulupirika kwa chidebecho pakapita nthawi.

• Sindikizani Umphumphu: Zotengerazo ziyenera kukhala ndi zivindikiro zothina kapena zotsekera kuti chinyezi ndi mpweya usalowe, chifukwa sodium cyanide ndi hygroscopic ndipo imatha kuchitapo kanthu ndi nthunzi yamadzi mumlengalenga kuti ipange hydrogen cyanide. Zotengera zosindikizidwa kawiri kapena zomwe zili ndi makina apadera a gasket zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zitsimikizire kukhulupirika kosindikiza.

2.2 Kulemba zilembo za Container

• Chizindikiritso Chomveka: Zotengera zonse zosungira sodium cyanide ziyenera kulembedwa momveka bwino ndi dzina lamankhwala, "Sodium Cyanide," m'zilembo zazikulu zomveka. Chizindikirocho chiyeneranso kukhala ndi nambala ya CAS (143 - 33 - 9 ya sodium cyanide) kuti mudziwe mosavuta komanso kutchulidwa pamtanda pakagwa mwadzidzidzi.

• Machenjezo Angozi: Machenjezo owopsa angozi ayenera kuwonetsedwa pazolemba zachidebecho. Machenjezo amenewa ayenera kuphatikizapo zokhudza kuopsa kwa mankhwala, kuthekera kwa mpweya kutulutsa pamene wakhudzana ndi madzi, ndi kusamala koyenera pogwira. Zithunzi zoyimira kawopsedwe ndi zoopsa ziyeneranso kuphatikizidwa malinga ndi miyezo yapadziko lonse lapansi monga yofotokozedwa ndi Global Harmonized System of Classification and Lebeling of Chemicals (GHS).

3. Kulamulira kwa Zachilengedwe

3.1 Kutentha ndi Chinyezi

• Malo Ozizira ndi Owuma: Sodium cyanide iyenera kusungidwa m'malo okhala ndi kutentha komanso chinyezi. Kutentha kwabwino kumakhala pakati pa 15 - 25 ° C, ndipo chinyezi chiyenera kukhala pansi pa 60%. Kutentha kwambiri kumatha kuchulukitsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zingachitike ndi mankhwala, pomwe chinyezi chambiri chimapangitsa kuti sodium cyanide itenge chinyezi ndikuyamba kutulutsa mpweya wa hydrogen cyanide. Makina oziziritsira mpweya ndi ochotsera chinyezi atha kuikidwa m'malo osungiramo zinthu kuti zisungidwe.

• magawanidwe: M'malo osungiramo mpweya wokwanira ndi wofunikira. Mpweya wabwino umathandizira kuchotsa mpweya uliwonse wa hydrogen cyanide womwe ungathe kutayikira ndikuletsa kuwunjikana kwake kufika pamlingo wowopsa. Mpweya wolowera mpweya uyenera kupangidwa kuti uzitulutsa mpweya pamalo otetezeka kutali ndi komwe kuli anthu komanso malo ena ovuta.

3.2 Kutetezedwa ku Kuwala

• Kuwala - Zosungira Zosamva: Ngakhale kuti sodium cyanide sizowoneka bwino kwambiri, ndibwinobe kuisunga pamalo otetezedwa ku dzuwa. Kukhala padzuwa kwa nthawi yayitali kungayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mankhwala pakapita nthawi, zomwe zingasokoneze kukhazikika kwake ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha zinthu zosafunika. Kugwiritsa ntchito zotengera zosungirako zosawoneka bwino kapena kusunga mankhwalawo m'chipinda chamdima chakuda kungathandize kuchepetsa mphamvu ya kuwala.

4. Njira Zachitetezo ndi Chitetezo

4.1 Security Systems

• Access Control: Malo osungiramo zinthu ayenera kukhala ndi njira zowongolera zolowera. Ogwira ntchito ovomerezeka okha omwe aphunzitsidwa kusamalira ndi kusunga sodium cyanide ayenera kuloledwa kulowa m'deralo. Makina ofunikira - makadi, zowongolera zofikira pa biometric, kapena alonda atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukakamiza izi.

• Makamera Oyendera: Kuyika makamera oyang'anira kuzungulira malo osungirako kumathandizira kuyang'anira zochitika zilizonse zosaloledwa. Makamera ayenera kuphimba malo onse olowera ndi kutuluka komanso malo omwe sodium cyanide imasungidwa. Zithunzi zojambulidwa ziyenera kusungidwa kwa nthawi yokwanira (mwachitsanzo, masiku osachepera 30) kuti ziwonekere m'tsogolo ngati zitachitika.

4.2 Zida Zoyankhira Mwadzidzidzi

• Zida Zodzitetezera (PPE): Zokwanira zokwanira za PPE zoyenera ziyenera kupezeka mosavuta pafupi ndi malo osungira. Izi zikuphatikiza masuti osamva mankhwala, magolovesi, nsapato, ndi zida zopumira zokha (SCBA). PPE iyenera kukhala yapamwamba kwambiri komanso yogwirizana ndi mfundo zachitetezo. Kuwunika pafupipafupi ndi kukonza kwa PPE ndikofunikira kuti muwonetsetse kuti ikugwira ntchito.

• Kutaya Mayankho Kits: Zida zoyankhira kutayika ziyenera kukhala pamalo osungira. Zida zimenezi ziyenera kukhala ndi zinthu zoyamwitsa, zinthu zosautsa (monga sodium hypochlorite solution yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchepetsa kutayikira pang'ono kwa sodium cyanide), ndi zida zoyeretsera zomwe zatayika. Zida ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse ndikuwonjezeredwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikuyenda bwino.

5. Kutsata Kovomerezeka

5.1 Malamulo a m'deralo, dziko lonse ndi mayiko

• Kugwirizana ndi Malamulo: Kusungidwa kwa sodium cyanide kuyenera kutsatira malamulo onse akumaloko, dziko, ndi mayiko. Mwachitsanzo, ku United States, bungwe la Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) lili ndi malamulo enieni okhudza kusunga ndi kusamalira mankhwala oopsa kwambiri monga sodium cyanide. Malamulowa amakhudza mbali zina monga kuphunzitsa zachitetezo kwa ogwira ntchito, kulemba zolembera moyenerera, ndikuyika zida zachitetezo.

• Lipoti Zofunikira: Malo omwe amasungira sodium cyanide angafunike kuti afotokoze kuchuluka kwake, momwe amasungirako, ndi zochitika zilizonse zokhudzana ndi mankhwalawo kwa akuluakulu oyang'anira. Lipotili limathandiza aboma kuyang'anira ndikuwonetsetsa kuti sodium cyanide imasungidwa bwino m'dera lonselo.

5.2 Kuwunika ndi Kuwunika pafupipafupi

• Internal Audits: Malo osungiramo zinthu ayenera kuchita kafukufuku wamkati pafupipafupi kuti awonetsetse kuti njira zonse zosungiramo zinthu zikugwirizana ndi malamulo ndi malangizo omwe akhazikitsidwa. Zowunikirazi zitha kuchitidwa ndi gulu lachitetezo cha pamalopo ndipo kuyenera kukhudzanso zinthu monga kukhulupirika kwa zotengera, momwe chilengedwe chilili, komanso kupezeka kwa zida zothandizira pakachitika ngozi.

• Kuyendera Kwakunja: Akuluakulu oyang'anira atha kuwunika nthawi ndi nthawi kunja kwa malo osungira. Kuyang'anira uku ndikuwonetsetsa kuti malamulowo akutsatira komanso kuzindikira zoopsa zilizonse zomwe zingachitike pachitetezo. Kusatsatira kukhoza kubweretsa chindapusa chachikulu komanso zotulukapo zina zamalamulo pamalowo.