Kuvandudza Cyanidation yeGoridhe Kubviswa kubva kuRefractory Ores

Muindasitiri yemigodhi yegoridhe, kutorwa kwegoridhe kubva kune refractory ores kunounza matambudziko makuru. Refractory ores, iyo inoratidzirwa nekusakwana kwegoridhe kudzoreredza pasi pechinyakare cyanide Leaching mamiriro ezvinhu, zvave kuwedzera kukosha chikamu chegoridhe resource base sezvo chikamu cheores inogadziriswa zviri nyore ichidzikira. Ndarama mune ores akadaro kazhinji iri munzvimbo yekupararira kwakanaka mukati me sulfide zvicherwa, kunyanya pyrite uye arsenopyrite, zvichiita kuti zviome kuwana kune cyanide mhinduro.

Kunzwisisa Dambudziko reRefractory Ores

Kupokana kweaya ores kunanga Cyanidation zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekupinzwa zvakanaka kwegoridhe mukati meiyo dense chimiro che sulfide minerals. Iyi encapsulation yemuviri inodzivirira cyanide kubva pakunyatsoita negoridhe, zvichikonzera kuderera kudzoreredza mitengo. Nekuda kweizvozvo, nzira dzakakosha dzekugadzirisa dzinodiwa kusimudzira kutorwa kwegoridhe kubva kune aya marefractory ores.

Pretreatment Technologies yeRefractory Ores

Oxidative Roasting

Oxidative roasting yanga iri imwe yenzira dzechinyakare dzekugadzirisa goridhe resulfide - rine concentrates. Munguva iyi, goridhe-inotakura sulfides inoiswa oxidized mune porous mass of oxides, iyo inobvumira kupinda zviri nani kwecyanide mhinduro. Zvisinei, nzira iyi ine zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda. Izvo zvinotungamira mukusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza kuburikidza nekubuda kwegasi yearsenic nesarufa. Kudiwa kwekurasa yakanyanya muchetura arsenic trioxide zvakare iri kunetsekana kukuru. Pamusoro pezvo, kuumbwa kweakaderera-kunyungudika komisheni uye kubviswa kwegoridhe kuita arsenic sublimates panguva yekugocha kunogona kuderedza iyo yakazara. Kuchera goridhe kunyatsoshanda. Semuyenzaniso, mune kumwe kugocha kwechinyakare - kwakavakirwa maoparesheni, mwero wekutorwa kwegoridhe kubva kune refractory ores unogona chete kuwedzera kubva kutenderedza 46.6% (yakananga cyanidation yekutanga flotation concentrate) kusvika pa85% mushure mekugocha.

Bhakitiriya Oxidation (Biox)

Bacterial oxidation ndiyo imwe nzira ine hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza. Mukuita uku, mamwe mabhakitiriya anoshandiswa kuita oxidize zvicherwa zve sulfide, kuputsa matrix anofukidza goridhe. Izvi zvinoita kuti goridhe riwanike ku cyanide. Zvakanakira tekinoroji iyi zvinosanganisira kusavapo kwehupfu hwegasi. Arsenic inobviswa kubva pakuita muchimiro chepasi-chepfu arsenate yesimbi. Ongororo dzekuyedza dzakaratidza kuti kushandiswa kweBiox tekinoroji kunogona kuwedzera kutorwa kwegoridhe kusvika pa91.74% kubva kune refractory flotation concentrates, inova budiriro huru kana ichienzaniswa neyakananga cyanidation.

Autoclave Oxidation (Pox)

Autoclave oxidation inosanganisira kuisa ore concentrate kune yakakwirira - tembiricha uye yakakwirira-kumanikidza mamiriro pamberi peokisijeni. Iyi nzira inonyatso oxidize iyo sulfide minerals. Preliminary autoclave oxidative leaching yeflotation concentrate inogona kupa kudzoreredza kwakakwira kwegoridhe nekuzotevera cyanidation, kazhinji padanho re94.9 - 96.5%. Iyi nzira inopa mazinga akakwira ekuchera uye chinhu chakakosha mukusimbisa tekinoroji maitiro, kuvandudza kuchengetedzwa kwemaindasitiri emabhizinesi ekugadzira goridhe, uye kuwedzera mamiriro ekushanda evashandi vekugadzira.

Additives uye Basa Ravo muCyanidation

Cyanide - Kuderedza Additives

Cyanide ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa mukutora goridhe, asi kushandiswa kwayo kwakanyanya hakungo wedzera mutengo chete asiwo kunoisa njodzi dzakakomba kunharaunda uye hutano hwevanhu. Extractech, yekuwedzera biopolymer inotorwa kubva kune algae, yakagadziridzwa kugadzirisa nyaya iyi. Kana yawedzerwa kune cyanidation process, inogona kuita senge super-oxidant. Iyo inotyora zvisungo zveakakwira - oxidation - kuderedza - inogona (ORP) zvicherwa mune refractory ores. Kemikari inoitika nezvidimbu zvegoridhe, zvichisiya goridhe iri pachena kuti riite necyanide. Sekuwedzera kune iripo cyanidation process, Extractech inogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwecyanide kusvika pa20 - 30% ichiwedzera goho regoridhe ne3 - 5%.

Zvimwe zvinowedzera

Zvimwe zvinowedzera zvinogona kushandiswa kuwedzera cyanidation process. Semuyenzaniso, zvimwe zvinowedzera zvinogona kuwedzera "inoshanda inoshanda okisijeni" zviri mukati mepulp, izvo zvinobatsira kune cyanidation reaction. Ivo vanogona zvakare kuve nemabasa akadai sekupararira, kubatsira kuparadzira zvizere pulp uye kuwedzera kunoshanda kunobata pakati pecyanide negoridhe. Pamusoro pezvo, vanogona kunge vaine kusachena-kubvisa basa, kubvisa kana kunetesa mhedzisiro yetsvina mupulp pane goridhe leaching. Chelating additives inogona kuwedzera kunyungudika kwegoridhe uye kubvisa kusachena zvinhu zvinokanganisa goridhe leaching.

Process Optimization muCyanidation

pH Kudzora

Cyanide mu pulp inosangana ne hydrolysis reaction, inogadzira HCN, chikamu chayo chinoputika kubva mumhinduro, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwecyanide uye kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza. Munguva yecyanide leaching, mhinduro inofanirwa kuchengetedza imwe alkalinity kudzivirira kuora kwe cyanide. Nekudaro, kana iyo alkalinity yemushonga wecyanide yakanyanya kuwanda, inoderedza kunyungudika kwegoridhe. Naizvozvo, kunyatso kudzora pH kwakakosha pakuita cyanidation inoshanda.

Leaching Time

Sezvo nguva yekudonha ichiwedzera, chiyero chegoridhe chekutengesa chinotanga kukwira. Nekudaro, mushure meimwe pfungwa, kuwedzera kuwedzera nguva yeleaching hakuwedzere zvakanyanya kuwanda kwegoridhe. Nekudaro, zvinodikanwa kuve nechokwadi chenguva yakakodzera yeleaching kuti uwane inoshanda kudhirowa kwegoridhe pasina kufanira kushandiswa kwezviwanikwa uye nguva.

Okisijeni Kupa

Kushandiswa kweoxidants seyakachena okisijeni kana mamwe maokisi mukuita leaching kunogona kuvandudza nharaunda yeleaching. Semuenzaniso, muokisijeni - resin leaching process, kuwedzerwa kweokisijeni kunogona kunyatso wedzera chiyero chegoridhe nesirivheri, kukurumidza kukurumidza leaching, kupfupisa nguva yekucheka, uye kuderedza kushandiswa kwecyanide uye lead nitrate.

mhedziso

Kuvandudza cyanidation maitiro ekutorwa kwegoridhe kubva kune refractory ores kunoda musanganiswa weakakodzera matekinoroji ekugadzirisa, kushandiswa kwezvinowedzera zvinoshanda, uye chaiyo maitiro ekugadzirisa. Nzira dzekugadzirira senge bhakitiriya oxidation uye autoclave oxidation inopa dzimwe nzira dzine hushamwari uye dzinoshanda zvichienzaniswa nekugocha kwechinyakare. Zvinowedzerwa zvinogona kuita basa rakakosha mukuderedza kushandiswa kwecyanide uye kuwedzera kudzoreredza goridhe. Nekunyatso kudzora maparamendi akadai sepH, nguva yekuregedza, uye kupihwa kweokisijeni, indasitiri yemigodhi yegoridhe inogona kuvandudza kugona kwekubvisa kweanopokana ores, ichiita kuti nzira yekubvisa irambe yakasimba uye iite zvehupfumi.