Basa Rakakosha reSodium Cyanide muGoridhe Ore Heap Leaching

Munzvimbo yekucherwa kwegoridhe, murwi wekucheka kwakabuda senzira yakagamuchirwa nevakawanda uye inodhura - inoshanda yekuchera goridhe kubva kune yakaderera-giredhi ores. Pakati pezvakasiyana zvikamu zvemurwi leaching process, sodium cyanide inoita basa rinokosha uye rinokosha.

Nhanganyaya yeGoridhe Heap Leaching

Goridhe heap leaching inzira inoturikwa pasi-giredhi goridhe ores kana flotation tailings padhi rakagadzirwa. Chicherwa chinobva chaiswa pasi pechiito chemushonga wekuchenesa, uyo unotenderera nemurwi weore, uchinyungudutsa goridhe riripo mumatombo. Iyi nzira inonyanya kukodzera kurapa mavhoriyamu makuru epasi-giredhi egoridhe ores, sezvo ichipa iri nyore uye yehupfumi nzira yekuchera goridhe kana ichienzaniswa neyakaoma uye inodhura milling nekunyungudutsa maitiro.

Basa reSodium Cyanide mukuparara kweGoridhe

Chemical Reaction Mechanism

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) ine simba leaching mumiriri mukati murwi wegoridhe unodonha. Chinokosha chekubudirira kwayo chiri mukukwanisa kwayo kuita negoridhe muhupo hweokisijeni. Kuita kwemakemikari kunogona kurerutswa sezvizvi: 4Au + 8NaCN+O_{2}+2H_{2}O = 4Na[Au(CN)_{2}]+4NaOH

Mukuita uku, goridhe (Au) rinoita ne Sodium Cyanide uye okisijeni kugadzira goridhe rinonyungudika - cyanide complex, sodium dicyanoaurate (Na[Au(CN)_{2}]). Uku kuomarara kuita kunobvumira goridhe, iro rinowanzo kuwanikwa mune yakanaka kwazvo - yakaomeswa kana kuparadzirwa fomu muore, kuti inyungudiswe mumhinduro, nokudaro ichigonesa kupora kwayo kunotevera.

Selectivity for Gold

Chimwe chezvinhu zvinoshamisa zve Sodium cyanide mumirwi inobvisa ndarama pakusanangura kwayo. Nepo ore inogona kunge iine zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvinhu uye zvicherwa, sodium cyanide inonyanya kuita negoridhe pasi pemamiriro akakodzera. Kusarudzwa uku kwakakosha sezvo kuchibvumira kutorwa kwegoridhe nekukanganisika kushoma kubva kune zvimwe zvikamu muore, kuderedza kuomarara uye mutengo wekuzotevera kupatsanurwa uye kucheneswa matanho.

Pesvedzero paKubudirira kweMurwi Leaching

Leaching Rate

Kushandiswa kwesodium cyanide kunokanganisa zvakanyanya kuwanda kwegoridhe. Iyo yakaringana yesodium cyanide mune leaching mhinduro inogona kukurumidza kupera kwegoridhe. Kazhinji, kuwedzera kuwanda kwe sodium cyanide mukati meimwe chiyero kunogona kuwedzera chiyero icho goridhe - cyanide complex inoumbwa. Nekudaro, uhwu hausi hukama hwemutsara, uye kunyanya kukwira kwakanyanya kunogona kutungamira kune dzimwe nyaya dzakadai sekuwedzera mari yeagent uye matambudziko angangove ezvakatipoteredza.

Gold Recovery Rate

Kuvapo kwe sodium cyanide kwakanangana neiyo goridhe kudzoreredza mwero. Mumagadzirirwo akanyatsogadzirwa uye akashandiswa murwi leaching masisitimu, kushandiswa kwesodium cyanide kunogona kuwana yakakwirira goridhe kudzoreredza mitengo, kazhinji iri pakati pe60 - 90% kana kunyange yakakwirira zvichienderana nemhando yematombo. Mwero wepamusoro wekudzoreredza unoreva kushandiswa nemazvo kwezviwanikwa zvegoridhe zviri mumatombo, izvo zvine kukosha kukuru kwehupfumi pamabasa emigodhi.

Optimization yeSodium Cyanide Kushandisa muMurwi Leaching

Concentration Control

Kuona iyo yakanyanya kuunganidzwa yesodium cyanide mune leaching mhinduro chinhu chakakosha chemurwi leaching optimization. Izvi zvinoda kunyatsotariswa kwezvinhu zvakaita segiredhi reore, mineralogy, uye kuvapo kwezvimwe zvinhu zvinogona kudya cyanide. Semuyenzaniso, ores ine yakakwira mwero yemhangura, zingi, kana iron sulfides ingangoda yakakwira cyanide kuti ive nechokwadi chekunyungudika kwegoridhe rakakwana, sezvo simbi idzi dzichigona kuita necyanide uye kukwikwidza negoridhe kune reagent.

pH Kugadziriswa

Iyo pH yeiyo leaching mhinduro inoitawo basa rakakosha mukubudirira kwe sodium cyanide. Sodium cyanide yakanyanya kugadzikana uye inoshanda munzvimbo ine alkaline. Kazhinji, iyo pH yemushonga weleaching mugoridhe murwi leaching inochengetedzwa muhuwandu hwe9 - 11. Kugadzirisa pH hakugone chete kusimbisa kugadzikana kwe sodium cyanide asiwo kunokanganisa kunyungudika kweimwe simbi - cyanide complexes, nekudaro kuvandudza kusarudzwa kwekutorwa kwegoridhe.

Mafungiro Ezvakatipoteredza uye Kuchengetedzwa

Toxicity uye Environmental Impact

Sodium cyanide chinhu chine chepfu zvakanyanya. Mumamiriro ezvinhu egoridhe murwi leaching, matanho akasimba ekutonga kwezvakatipoteredza anodiwa kudzivirira kuburitswa kwayo munzvimbo. Kurasa kana kuraswa zvisina kufanira kwesodium cyanide - ine zvigadziriso zvinogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakaipa kuhupenyu hwemvura, kunaka kwevhu, uye hutano hwevanhu. Semuenzaniso, kana sodium cyanide - yakasvibiswa leachate inopinda mumvura iri pedyo, inogona kukonzera kuuraya hove dzakawanda uye kusvibisa mvura yekunwa.

Chengetedzo Yekuchengetedza Mukubata

Mumabasa emigodhi, mitemo yakasimba yekuchengetedza inofanirwa kuteverwa kana uchibata sodium cyanide. Vashandi vanobatanidzwa mukugadzirira, kutakura, uye kushandiswa kwesodium cyanide solutions vanofanira kupiwa midziyo yekuzvidzivirira nayo yakakodzera, kusanganisira magirovhosi, masiki, uye magirazi ekuchengetedza. Nzvimbo dzekuchengetera sodium cyanide dzinofanirwa kugadzirwa kudzivirira kudonha uye kuve nechokwadi chekufefetedza kwakaringana kudzivirira kuunganidzwa kwehutsi hune chepfu.

Mukupedzisa, sodium cyanide yakakosha uye isingadzokerike reagent mumurwi wegoridhe leaching. Iyo yakasarudzika yemakemikari zvimiro inogonesa kunyungudika kwakanaka uye kubviswa kwegoridhe kubva kune yakaderera-giredhi ores. Nekudaro, nemabhenefiti ayo makuru anouya akakosha ezvakatipoteredza uye chengetedzo matambudziko anofanirwa kutariswa nemazvo kuti ive nechokwadi chekuchengetedza uye kuita basa rekucherwa kwegoridhe.