Green Solutions yeGoridhe Mining: Sodium Cyanide Inotsiva muIndonesia

Indonesia ndiyo nyika yakakura muASEAN, ine nzvimbo yepasi pe1.919 miriyoni makiromita skweya uye nzvimbo yegungwa ye3.16 miriyoni makiromita skweya (tisingabatanidzi nzvimbo yehupfumi). Nyika iyi yakapfuma muzviwanikwa zvezvicherwa. Zvicherwa zvikuru zvesimbi zvinosanganisira bauxite, nickel, jecha resimbi, mhangura, tin, goridhe, nesirivha; zvicherwa zvisiri zvesimbi zvinonyanya kuve marasha, limestone, uye granite. Kunewo mamwe matura e zinc, mercury, manganese, lead, kaolin, andesite, jecha re quartz, feldspar, dolomite, bentonite, zeolite, phosphate, uye gypsum. Zvisinei, nekuda kwetekinoroji yekare yekutsvaga geology, basa risina kusimba rehuwandu, uye kugona kwekuvandudza nekushandisa zviwanikwa zvisina kunaka, hurumende haina kunzwisisa kwakakwana nezvematura ayo. Kwenguva yakareba, zviwanikwa zvezvicherwa zvave zvichigadzirwa uye zvichishandiswa nemakambani ekunze. Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwezvicherwa zvegoridhe kubva kuIndonesia's Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, nzvimbo dzakachengetwa uye kugoverwa kwezvicherwa zvegoridhe ndeizvi: nzvimbo dzakachengetwa dzegoridhe dzinenge matani mamiriyoni 1.91, ne3.200 matani akachengetwa, akanyanya kugoverwa muSumatra, Sulawesi, Kalimantan, nePapua. Muna 2023, kugadzirwa kwacho kwaive matani angangoita 132, ne890 makirogiramu egoridhe akatumirwa kunze kwenyika. Kuchera goridhe kwakakwezva mabhizinesi mazhinji ekuChina nevanoisa mari. MuIndonesia, migodhi yegoridhe inowanzoiswa mumigodhi yegoridhe ine alluvial uye ores dzakasanganiswa. Maitiro ekubvisa heap anoshandiswa kune ores dzakasanganiswa anoshandiswa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekudyara kwayo kushoma uye kudzoka nekukurumidza. Zvisinei, kuvaka heap leaching kunodziviswa nekutenga, masosi eruzivo, uye tekinoroji yekuvaka, zvichiita kuti varidzi vazhinji vemigodhi vatange kushandisa Sodium cyanide.

Sodium cyanide inokonzera matambudziko akati wandei muIndonesia. Chekutanga, mutengo wekutenga wakakwira, nemutengo wemusika uri pakati pe50.000 kusvika 60.000 RMB patani. Chechipiri, Sodium Cyanide ine chepfu yakawanda; kufema, kunwa, kana kunyudzwa kweganda kunogona kukonzera chepfu yakanyanya. Chechitatu, sodium cyanide inotongwa nemutemo wakasimba nehurumende yeIndonesia, ine mvumo yakasimba uye manejimendi ekutengesa, kuchengetedza, uye kutakurwa. Nyaya idzi dzinonzwisiswa zvakanaka nevanoisa mari vedu vekuChina, asi kwagara kuine kushaikwa kwedzimwe nzira dzinoshanda.

Kare 2016. akati wandei ane hushamwari goridhe kudhirowa vamiririri vakagadzirwa muChina uye vakashandiswa zvakanyanya. Shaanxi United Chemical ikambani yakatarisana nekugadzirwa uye kutsvagisa kwehydrogen cyanide derivatives uye zvakatipoteredza ushamwari kuchera goridhe vamiririri. Kuita chaiko kweShaanxi United's inoshamwaridzana nemhepo inochera goridhe vamiririri vanogona kutsiva sodium cyanide uye yakatengeswa uye inoshandiswa munyika dzinopfuura gumi pasi rese, ichiwana kurumbidzwa kwakapararira kubva kune vatengi.

1. Hunhu hweShaanxi United's ine hushamwari hwekuchera goridhe vamiririri ndeiyi anotevera:

2. zvinhu zvakasvibirira zvakatipoteredza uye zvakasvibirira (zvakaedzwa nemadhipatimendi ane chiremera, zvigadzirwa zvinoiswa sezvinhu zvakajairika);

3. vane chiyero chepamusoro chekudzikinura (chakakodzera murwi wekucheka, pool leaching, kubvongodza leaching, nezvimwewo);

4. vane kugadzikana kwakanaka (ine zvinogadzirisa zvinogadzirisa zvinowedzerwa kuderedza kupindira kubva kune zvinokuvadza zvakadai seS uye As);

5. vane zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa (zvinoshandiswa mugoridhe oxidized ores, primary ores, sulfuric slag, gold concentrates, anode mud, nezvimwewo);

6. zviri nyore kushandisa (pH kukosha kwe10-12. dosage uye nzira inogona kunyatsoenderana nemaitiro ecyanide);

7. ivo vane mutengo wakanaka, zvakanyanya kuderedza mari yekudyara kana ichienzaniswa nesodium cyanide.

Mashandisiro Ekuraira

1. Chikumbiro cheKushandisa:

1. Inoshanda Ore Types: Goridhe nesirivheri oxide ores, yemuno ores, yakakwira-sarufa uye yakakwira-arsenic goridhe ores, cyanide tailings, goridhe inonangana, sulfuric acid masara, anode mud, nezvimwe.

2. Matekiniki Anoshanda Ekugadzirisa Zvicherwa: Kubvisa zvicherwa mudutu, kubvisa zvicherwa mudziva, kubvisa zvicherwa mudutu (kuburitsa carbon -in-pulp), nezvimwewo.

2. Fomu reChigadzirwa: Hupfu hwakasimba kana kuti granular

3. Nzira yekunyungudutsa: Nyungudutsa zvizere mumvura patembiricha yemumba usati washandisa (kazhinji, kunyunguduka kunogona kukurumidziswa mumvura inoyerera kana nekukurunga zvakanyanya; panguva yekunyungudutsa muhari, dziva rekuyera mvura rinogona kuvakwa pamucheto pedziva risina mvura kuitira kuti mvura idzoke mushure mekurapa kwekabhoni yakakangwa kuti isuke gold extraction agent mudziva risina mvura).

4. Kugadziriswa kwepH: Kazhinji, lime kana sodium hydroxide inoshandiswa kugadzirisa nekuchengetedza pH iri pakati pe10-12; kana pH iri pakati pemvura inodzoka ikadzikira, alkalinity inofanira kugadziriswa nenguva; kana pH iri pakati pe12 kwenguva yakareba, zvinogona kukonzera kuumbwa kwealkaline scale ichikanganisa activated carbon adsorption kana kukonzera liquid passivation ichikanganisa leaching efficiency.

5. Dosage Kuverenga:

1. Iyo dosi inogona kutaurwa kubva kuhuwandu hwekushandiswa kwesodium cyanide, uye inokurudzirwa kuita zvicherwa zvekugadzirisa bvunzo uye kutarisa kune akanakisa mamiriro (kazhinji anenge 1-2 g / t yegoridhe oxide ores, pamwe nekusungwa kwegoridhe kuburitsa mumiririri kazhinji inochengetwa pa 0.3-0.8 ‰, inogadziriswa zvinoenderana neakasiyana magiredhi ore uye zvinokuvadza zvikamu).

2. Kuverengera Method yeDosage: Iyo yekuwedzera dosage yegoridhe yekubvisa mumiriri = (yakakwana yekuisa kukosha - yazvino kuyerwa ukoshi hwekuisa) × vhoriyamu yemvura mudziva redosing; semuenzaniso, kana iyo yakakwana yekuisa kukosha kweiyo goridhe mumiriri weiyo 1.5 ‰ (yakavakirwa pahuwandu hwemvura), uye kudzoka kwemvura yekumisikidza iri 0.6 ‰, ine 500 cubic metres emvura mune dziva reurombo, ipapo iyo yekuwedzera chipimo cheiyo: (1.5 - 0.6) × 500 = 450 kg.

6. Maitiro Ekushandisa Chigadzirwa: (Zvinoenderana nekushandiswa kwe sodium cyanide mukubvisa heap leaching uye kubvisa carbon)

1. Murwi Wekudonha uye Pond Leaching process: Pwanya simbi yakasvibira, unganidza / chengeta, leach, adsorb ine activated kabhoni (zinc poda kutsiva), electrowinning, uye kunyungudika.

2. Carbon-in-Pulp process (Sirred Leaching): Pwanya ore mbishi, ikuya, kabhoni leach, electrowinning, uye kunyungudika.

Yakabudirira Nyaya yeEnvironmental Friendly Gold Extraction Reagent

Mugodhi wegoridhe weLingbao Wenyu muHenan wakaita bvunzo dzemurabhoritari neindasitiri uchishandisa tekinoroji itsva yekubvisa gold reagent ine chepfu shoma muchirongwa chawo chekugadzira lime cyanidation. Miedzo iyi yakawana zviratidzo zvakanaka zvekugadzirisa. Kana kukora kwegrinding kwaive -0.074mm nehukuru hwayo hwakapfuura 90%, huwandu hwepulp hwaive 40%, chiyero che lime chaive 3kg/t, nguva yekurapa alkaline yaive maawa maviri, chiyero che gold leaching agent isingakuvadzi nharaunda chaive 600g/t, uye nguva yekubvisa gold yaive maawa makumi maviri nemana, chiyero chekubvisa gold chakasvika 95.60%. Mhedzisiro yebvunzo inoratidza kuti reagent iyi inogona kutsiva sodium cyanide mukubvisa gold. Parizvino, reagent yakashandiswa. Zvichienzaniswa ne cyanide leaching, chiyero chekubvisa gold chakawedzera ne1.4%, chiyero che reagent chakaderedzwa ne200g/t, uye nguva yekubvisa gold yakapfupikiswa neanopfuura maawa gumi nemaviri. Pamusoro pezvo, ongororo yechepfu yekubvisa tsvina kubva kuchinhu chinodzivirira zvakatipoteredza chinoshandisa gold leaching yakaratidza kuti hunhu hwecyanide, copper, lead, zinc, uye arsenic mukubvisa tsvina mutsvina hwaive mukati memiganhu yakatarwa, zvichibvumira kuburitswa zvakananga pasina kurapwa kwekubvisa tsvina.

Nezve kushandiswa kwe zvakatipoteredza ushamwari goridhe kusarudza mumiririris, zvinodikanwa kuve nenyanzvi yekuita bvunzo mumatanho ekutanga emigodhi. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemigodhi nemhando dzakasiyana dzeore dzinoburitsa mhedzisiro dzakasiyana nevamiriri vesarudzo. Muyero wakakodzera uye kana wekuwedzera mamwe makemikari zvinhu zvinofanirwa kutariswa zvichibva pane yekutanga bvunzo. Munguva iyi, Shaanxi United Chemical ichapa masevhisi ese anodiwa kuti akubatsire mukupedza bvunzo.

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