Ndedzipi nzira dzinoshanda dzekurapa chepfu yecyanide?

Sodium cyanide chinhu chine chepfu yakawanda chinoisa njodzi huru pahutano kana chabatwa nacho. Chinogona kupinda mumuviri nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kufema, kubata ganda, kana kumedzwa. Kunzwisisa hunhu hwecyanide chepfu uye kurapwa kwakakodzera kwakakosha kuti munhu awane mushonga unoshanda uye apore. Chinyorwa chino chine chinangwa chekupa ruzivo rwakadzama nezveSodium cyanide chepfu , zviratidzo zvayo, uye nzira dzinokurudzirwa dzekurapa.

Chii Sodium Cyanide?

Sodium cyanide munyu muchena, unonyungudika mumvura unoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akadai sekuchera goridhe nekugadzira electroplating. Inoshandiswawo mune mamwe maitiro ekugadzira makemikari. Nekuda kwechepfu yayo, sodium cyanide inoiswa muchikamu chechinhu chine njodzi uye kusvibiswa kwayo kunogona kukonzera migumisiro yakakomba yehutano, kusanganisira rufu.

Toxicity Mechanism

Cyanide inoshanda nekudzivisa kukwanisa kwemuviri kushandisa oxygen. Inosungira kune cytochrome c oxidase, enzyme yakakosha mumitochondrial electron cheni yekutakura, ichidzivirira masero kubva kushandisa oxygen nemazvo. Izvi zvinokonzeresa cellular hypoxia, iyo, kana isina kurapwa nekukurumidza, inogona kutungamira mukutadza kwenhengo nekukurumidza uye kufa.

zviratidzo Sodium cyanide poisoning

Zviratidzo zve sodium cyanide chepfu zvinogona kuoneka nekukurumidza uye zvinosanganisira:

• Kunetseka nekufema: kunetseka kufema, kufema zvisina kudzika, kana kumira kufema.

• Zviratidzo zvetsinga: Musoro, dzungu, kuvhiringidzika, pfari, kana kurasikirwa nepfungwa.

• Migumisiro yemwoyo: Kurova kwemwoyo nekukurumidza, kuderera kweropa, kana kumira kwemoyo.

• Zviratidzo zvemudumbu: kuda kurutsa, kurutsa, kana kurwadziwa mudumbu.

• KUSVIWA KWEGANDA NEMAZISO: Kutsvuka, kunzwa kupisa kana kutsva kwemakemikari kana zvabatwa.

Mhinduro Yekukurumidza kune Cyanide Poisoning

Kana sodium cyanide poisoning ichifungidzirwa, chiito chokukurumidza chinofanira kutorwa. Heano matanho ekutevera:

1. Bvisa varwere kubva panzvimbo yavari kusangana nayo: Bvisa varwere nekukurumidza kubva munzvimbo ine utachiona kuti vasanyanya kusangana nayo.

2. KUBVISA KUSVIKA KWEMAZI: Kana murwere akabata sodium cyanide kuburikidza neganda kana maziso, bvisa mbatya dzese dzakasvibiswa wosuka nzvimbo yakakanganiswa nemvura yakawanda kana munyu kwemaminitsi mashanu. Iva nechokwadi chekudzivirira maziso ako panguva iyi.

3. Kugeza mudumbu: Kana sodium cyanide ikamedzwa, kugeza mudumbu kunofanira kuitwa nemushonga unorwisa oxidant (wakadai se5% sodium thiosulfate kana 0.02% potassium permanganate). Kugeza mudumbu kunofanira kuitwa nekukurumidza kuti kushoma kunyudzwa.

4. Kutarisirwa Kwekutsigira: Kana murwere akaratidza kufema zvishoma kana kuti akarega kufema, mupe mishonga yekufema kana yekufema yakagadzirwa nekukasika.

Kurapa kwezvinodhaka zve cyanide chepfu

Kana murwere achinge agadzikana, mishonga chaiyo inogona kushandiswa kurwisa mhedzisiro yecyanide:

1. Amyl nitrite: Pwanya kapusule yeamyl nitrite mujira remushonga woita kuti murwere afume mweya uyu. Uyu mushonga unokurumidza kushandura hemoglobin kuita methemoglobin, iyo inosunga ku cyanide uye inoderedza chepfu yayo.

2. Sodium nitrite: Sodium nitrite inonyungudutswa mumushonga weglucose, chiyero chacho chiri 6-12 mg/kg, jekiseni remutsinga. Jekiseni rinofanira kunonoka, kwete pasi pemaminitsi gumi. Tarisa zvakanyanya BP yemurwere, nekuti sodium nitrite inogona kukonzera hypotension. Kana BP ikadzikira zvakanyanya, mushonga unofanira kumira.

3. Sodium Thiosulfate: Mushure mekubayiwa Sodium nitrite , 50% sodium thiosulfate inobayiwa nechiyero chimwe chete. Mushonga uyu unoshanda semupi wesarufa, zvichiita kuti cyanide ishandurwe kuita thiocyanate, iyo isina chepfu yakawanda uye inogona kuburitswa kuburikidza neitsvo. Kana zvichidikanwa, hafu yacho kana kuti dose yakazara inogona kudzokororwa awa imwe chete gare gare.

4. Kucherechedza: Kune varwere vane chepfu zvishoma, sodium thiosulfate chete inogona kukwana. Mushure mekurapwa kwekutanga, murwere anofanira kutariswa kwemazuva maviri kusvika matatu kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti zviratidzo hazvidzokeri.

Zvinyorwa Zvakakosha

• Njodzi yeKudarika Muyero: Zvese zviri zviviri sodium nitrite nesodium thiosulfate zvinogona kukonzera chepfu kana zvikatorwa zvakanyanya. Kunyatsoongorora uye kungwarira zvakakosha kudzivirira matambudziko.

• Kuongororwa kwenguva refu: Mushure mekunge chepfu yatanga kupararira, murwere anofanira kutariswa kana paine zviratidzo kana matambudziko anononoka. Izvi zvinosanganisira kuongororwa kwematambudziko etsinga kana ekufema.

• Kugadzirira Panjodzi: Zvivako zvehutano zvinofanirwa kunge zvine nzira dzekugadzirisa chepfu yecyanide, kusanganisira kuwanikwa kwemishonga inorwisa utachiona uye vashandi vakadzidziswa kugadzirisa njodzi dzakadaro.

pakupedzisa

Sodium cyanide chepfu idambudziko rekurapa rinoda kuzivikanwa nekukurumidza uye kurapwa. Kuziva zviratidzo uye mhinduro dzakakodzera zvinogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya mhedzisiro yekurapa kune avo vanobatwa. Nekutevera zvakamiswa marapirwo ekurapa uye nekuona kusvibiswa kwakaringana, vatapi vehutano vanogona kunyatso gadzirisa chepfu yecyanide uye kuderedza mhedzisiro yayo inogona kuuraya. Gara uchiyeuka kuti mumamiriro ezvinhu ekufungidzirwa kuti ane chepfu, kurapwa kwekukurumidzira kwakakosha.