Thiourea Goridhe Kuchera Maitiro: Nheyo, Mashandiro, uye Mafungiro

ziviso

Kuchera goridhe idanho rakakosha muindasitiri yemigodhi uye yakakosha simbi. Pakati pemaitiro akasiyana-siyana ekuchera, iyo ThioureaKuchera Goridhe process yakawana kutariswa kwakanyanya mumakore achangopfuura. Thiourea, ine kemikari formula \(SCN_2H_4\), inhengo yeorganic inoita basa rakakosha mukuita uku. Iyi blog positi ichaongorora zvizere iyo thiourea goridhe kudhirowa maitiro, ichivhara misimboti yayo, nhanho dzekushanda, zvinofurira zvinhu, uye zvakanakira zvichienzaniswa nemaitiro echinyakare.

Nheyo dzeThiourea Goridhe Kutorwa

Iyo yakakosha musimboti wekutorwa kwegoridhe yethiourea iri mukukwanisa kwayo kugadzira macomplexes akagadzikana ane maion egoridhe mune acidic medium. Muhupo hweoxidizing agent, goridhe muore inoiswa oxidized uye yobva yasangana ne thiourea kuita soluble gold-thiourea complexes. Iyo inonyanya kushandiswa oxidizing agents inoshandiswa mukuita uku isimbi (III) ions uye oksijeni yakanyungudutswa.

Thiourea yakagadzikana mune acidic mhinduro, chinova chinhu chakakosha chinogonesa iyi yekubvisa maitiro. Munzvimbo ine acidic, thiourea inogona kuumba nhevedzano yeiyoni yakaoma ine simbi cations. Zvisinei, kunze kwe NGONI, kugadzikana kweiyo thiourea yakaoma ion nemamwe masimbi kune zvishoma. Chimiro ichi chinopa thiourea-yakavakirwa goridhe kudhirowa pamwe nepamusoro kusarudza kwegoridhe.

Matanho Ekushanda muThiourea Gold Extraction Process

Ore Preparation

Danho rekutanga mukutora goridhe rethiourea kugadzirira kweore. Iyo ore inoda kupwanyiwa uye kukuyiwa kusvika pakukura kwakakodzera kuti iwedzere nzvimbo yepasi kuti ibatane zvirinani nemushonga wethiourea. Kazhinji, kukwenenzvera saizi yechidimbu, ndiko kunowedzera mwero wekuita pakati peore nethiourea-ine mhinduro. Nekudaro, kugaya kwakanyanyisa kunogona zvakare kuunza mamwe maitiro asina kunaka, akadai sekuwedzera mashandisiro esimba uye matambudziko mukutevera kwakasimba - kuparadzaniswa kwemvura.

Thiourea Leaching

Mushure mekugadzirira ore, ore yepasi inosanganiswa nethiourea-containing solution. Sezvo thiourea isina kugadzikana mune alkaline mhinduro uye inoora nyore kuita sulfides uye amino.cyanides, iyo leaching solution inowanzova dilute sulfuric acid solution yethiourea. Izvo zvakakosha kuti uwedzere asidhi kutanga uyezve thiourea kudzivirira kupisa kwenzvimbo kwepulp, izvo zvinogona kukonzera thiourea hydrolysis uye kuderedza kushanda kwayo.

panguva Leaching Process, zvinhu zvakaita sekumisikidzwa kwethiourea, rudzi uye huwandu hweoxidizing agent, kukosha kwepH yemhinduro, tembiricha yepulp, uye nguva yekudonha zvese zvine chekuita zvakanyanya pachiyero chegoridhe leaching. Semuyenzaniso, mwero wekutengesa goridhe unowanzo wedzera nekuwedzera kweiyo thiourea, asi yakawandisa thiourea inogona kukonzera kukwira kwemitengo uye matambudziko angangove ezvakatipoteredza. Iyo pH kukosha kwepakati inoenderana nekusangana kwethiourea. Pasi peyakajairika tembiricha uye thiourea dosage mamiriro, iyo pH kukosha kwepakati ingangoita isingasviki 1.5. Nekudaro, iyo acidity haifanirwe kunge yakanyanya kukwirira, kana zvisina kudaro, ichawedzera iyo acid-inonyungudika yakawanda yetsvina mune ore.

Yakasimba - Liquid Separation

Mushure mekuita leaching, yakasimba - kuparadzaniswa kwemvura kunoitwa kuparadzanisa mhinduro ine pamuviri ine goridhe-thiourea complexes kubva kune yakasimba masara. Yakajairika yakasimba - mvura yekuparadzanisa nzira dzinosanganisira kusefa uye sedimentation. Sarudzo yenzira yekuparadzanisa inoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita sechimiro cheore, saizi yechinhu chakasimba, uye chiyero chekushanda. Inoshanda yakasimba - kupatsanurwa kwemvura kwakakosha kuve nechokwadi chemhando yemhinduro yekuzvitakura uye kufambisa zvinotevera kudzoreredza goridhe mabasa.

Goridhe Kudzoreredzwa kubva kune nhumbu Solution

Pane nzira dzakati wandei dzekudzoreredza goridhe kubva kune ine pamuviri mhinduro inowanikwa mushure mekuoma - kuparadzaniswa kwemvura. Nzira mbiri dzakajairika isimbi kutsiva uye electrowinning.

Metal Replacement: Masimbi akadai sesimbi nealuminium anogona kushandiswa seanoderedza vamiririri kutsiva goridhe kubva kugoridhe-thiourea complex mune mhinduro. Iyo goridhe yakatsiviwa inoumba mvura yakasimba, iyo inogona kufambiswazve kuti iwane goridhe chairo.

Electrowinning: Muchiitiko che electrowinning, magetsi emagetsi anopfuudzwa kuburikidza nekugadzirisa pamuviri. Ioni dzegoridhe mumushonga dzinoderedzwa pa cathode uye dzinoiswa panzvimbo ye cathode, nepo thiourea nezvimwe zvinhu zvinoiswa oxidized pane anode. Iyi nzira inogona kuwana yakakwirira-yakachena goridhe kudzoreredza asi inoda chaiyo midziyo yemagetsi uye yakakodzera mamiriro ekushanda.

Kukwenenzvera kweGoridhe Zvigadzirwa

Iyo goridhe inowanikwa mushure mekupora kazhinji ine kumwe kusvibiswa uye inoda kunatswa kuti iwane yakakwirira-kuchena zvigadzirwa zvegoridhe. Kunatsa kwakafanana nekwegoridhe rinowanikwa nedzimwe nzira dzekuchera, dzakadai secyanidation. Nzira dzakajairwa dzekunatsa dzinosanganisira kunatsa kwemakemikari uye electrolytic kunatsa, iyo inogona kunyatsobvisa tsvina uye kugadzirisa kuchena kwegoridhe kuti isangane nemusika zvinodiwa.

Zvinhu Zvinokanganisa Iyo Thiourea Goridhe Kubvisa Maitiro

Mineral Kuumbwa kweOre

The mineral composition of the ore has a significant impact on the thiourea gold extraction process. Copper, bismuth oxides in the raw materials will dissolve in acid and complex with thiourea, reducing the effect of thiourea leaching of gold and increasing the consumption of thiourea. In addition, if the raw materials contain a large amount of acid-soluble substances (such as divalent iron, kabhoniates, non-ferrous metal oxides, etc.) and reducing components, it will increase the consumption of oxidants and sulfuric acid and reduce the gold leaching rate. However, sulfide minerals such as copper, arsenic, antimony, and lead have relatively little harmful effect on thiourea leaching of gold, which makes thiourea-based gold extraction possible to selectively extract gold and silver from complex refractory gold mineral raw materials.

Particle Kukura Kwegoridhe muOre

Hukuru hwegoridhe muchende ndechimwe chezvinhu zvinokanganisa chiyero chegoridhe. Kazhinji, iyo diki saizi yegoridhe, yakakura iyo chaiyo nzvimbo, uye zviri nyore kubata nethiourea mhinduro, zvichikonzera chiyero chepamusoro cheleaching. Naizvozvo, munhanho yekugadzirira ore, mashandiro akakodzera ekukuya anodiwa kuti zvimedu zvegoridhe zviri muore zvinyatsobuda pachena uye kufambisa basa rekucheka.

tembiricha

Iyo tembiricha ine mbiri - mhedzisiro pane iyo thiourea goridhe yekubvisa maitiro. Kune rimwe divi, kuwedzera tembiricha kunogona kukwidziridza mwero wekupararira kwemareactants uye mwero wekuita pakati pegoridhe nethiourea, nekudaro uchiwedzera mwero wegoridhe. Kune rimwe divi, thiourea ine hurombo hwekudziya kugadzikana. Kana tembiricha yanyanya kukwira, thiourea inowanzoita hydrolysis uye kuora, ichideredza kushanda kwayo mukubvisa. Kazhinji, tembiricha yethiourea leaching process inonyatso kudzorwa pazasi 55 ° C, uye muzviitiko zvakawanda, inoitwa pakamuri tembiricha.

pH Kukosha kweSolution

Sezvambotaurwa, kukosha kwepH kwemhinduro kune hukama zvakanyanya nekugadzikana kwethiourea uye neleaching mhedzisiro yegoridhe. Thiourea yakagadzikana munzvimbo ine acidic, uye yakafanira acidic nharaunda inokodzera kuumbwa kwegoridhe-thiourea complexes. Nekudaro, kana iyo pH kukosha yakadzikira, haingo wedzera iyo acid-inonyungudika huwandu hwetsvina asi zvakare inogona kukonzera mativi maitiro ayo asingakodzeri kudhirowa maitiro. Naizvozvo, kunyatso kudzora kweiyo pH kukosha kwemhinduro kunodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi cheiyo yakakwana yekubvisa maitiro.

Kuiswa kweThiourea uye Oxidizing Agent

Iko kusanganiswa kwethiourea kunokanganisa zvakananga huwandu hwegoridhe-thiourea complexes yakagadzirwa. Kazhinji, kuwedzera kuwanda kwethiourea kunogona kuwedzera goridhe leaching rate. Nekudaro, tichifunga nezve mutengo uye mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza, iyo thiourea yekusangana inoda kuvandudzwa. Mhando uye kusungirirwa kweiyo oxidizing agent inoitawo basa rakakosha. Yakakwana oxidizing mumiriri inodiwa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuenderera kweiyo oxidation yegoridhe muore, asi yakawandisa oxidizing mumiririri inogona zvakare kutungamira kune oxidation uye kuparara kwethiourea, kuderedza kushandiswa kwekushandisa kwethiourea.

Zvakanakira zveThiourea Goridhe Kubvisa Maitiro

1. Fast Leaching Speed: Kuenzaniswa nedzimwe nzira dzechinyakare dzekubvisa goridhe senge cyanidation, iyo thiourea goridhe yekubvisa maitiro ine inokurumidza leaching kumhanya. Kuumbwa kwegoridhe-thiourea complexes mune acidic medium inogona kukurumidza kunyungudutsa goridhe, iyo inogona kupfupisa zvakanyanya nguva yekubvisa.

2. Low Toxicity: Thiourea haina muchetura uchienzaniswa ne cyanide inoshandiswa mumaitiro echinyakare cyanidation. Cyanide ine muchetura zvakanyanya uye inokonzeresa njodzi kune zvakatipoteredza uye hutano hwevanhu. Kushandiswa kwethiourea mukuchera goridhe kunoderedza zvingangoitika kwezvakatipoteredza uye njodzi njodzi dzine chekuita nezvinhu zvine chepfu.

3. Good Selectivity: Nekuda kwekudzikama kwakadzikama kweiyo thiourea yakaoma ion ine simbi zhinji kunze kwemekiyuri, iyo thiourea-yakavakirwa goridhe yekubvisa maitiro ine yakakwira kusarudzwa kwegoridhe. Inogona kunyatso kuburitsa goridhe kubva kune yakaoma ores ine akasiyana simbi tsvina, ichideredza kupindira kwetsvina mukuita kwekubvisa.

4. Easy Post - kurapwa kweSolution: Mushure mekuita kwekubvisa goridhe, mhinduro ine thiourea iri nyore kurapa. Semuenzaniso, mudanho rekudzoreredza goridhe, kushandiswa kwesimbi kutsiva kana nzira dzemagetsi zvinogona kuparadzanisa goridhe zviri nyore kubva mumhinduro, uye mhinduro yasara inogona kurapwa zvakare kuderedza kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza.

mhedziso

Iyo thiourea yekuchera goridhe nzira inzira inovimbisa mumunda wekuchera goridhe. Nekunzwisisa misimboti yayo, nhanho dzekushanda, zvinofurira zvinhu, uye zvakanakira, makambani emigodhi nevatsvaguri vanogona kuita zvirinani maitiro ekuvandudza goridhe kudhirowa, kuderedza mitengo, uye kuderedza kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza. Kunyangwe kuchine mamwe matambudziko anofanirwa kugadziriswa, akadai sekugadzirisa kushandiswa kwethiourea uye kuvandudza kugadzikana kwemaitiro pasi pemamiriro akasiyana-siyana ore, kuenderera mberi nekutsvagisa uye hunyanzvi munzvimbo ino zvechokwadi kunosimudzira kuenderera mberi uye kushandiswa kweiyo thiourea goridhe kudhirowa maitiro.