Kunzwisisa Gold Ore Processing CIL, CIP: Sodium Cyanide Use

Kunyatsotaura, iyo cyanidation process haiwire pasi pechikamu chekugadzirisa zvicherwa asi inofanirwa kuverengerwa se hydrometallurgy. Kushandiswa kwecyanidation kubvisa goridhe ndiyo nzira yakajairika pasi rose. prin yayoCIPle inovimba nekuomarara kwe cyanide ions negoridhe remahara kugadzira goridhe cyanide, nokudaro vachiwana kunyungudika kwegoridhe. Tinoziva kuti goridhe muzvarirwo riripo mukusununguka; kunyangwe kana yakavharirwa mukati mezvimwe zvicherwa, inoramba iri elemental goridhe kana yafumurwa. Naizvozvo, tinogona kutaura kuti kushanda (kudzoreredza mwero) kweiyo cyanidation maitiro mukubvisa goridhe, kusvika pamwero wakati, zvinoenderana nekugona kusunungura iyo yakavharirwa goridhe.

Iyo CIL (Carbon In Leach) leaching process, inozivikanwawo sekabhoni leaching yekubvisa goridhe, maitiro anosanganisira kuwedzera activated kabhoni kune pulp uye panguva imwe chete ichiitisa leaching uye goridhe adsorption. Izvi zvinorerutsa matanho maviri ecyanide leaching yepulp uye activated kabhoni adsorption inowanikwa muCIP (Carbon In Pulp) kuita nhanho imwe, kuderedza kurasikirwa uku ichidzikisa manejimendi mitengo. Zvichienzaniswa nemaitiro eCCD echinyakare, inochengetedza 66% yemari yekudyara, ichiita kuti ive nzira inosarudzika yemazuva ano egoridhe ore process.Mukabhoni pulp process, "carbon" uye "pulp" zvinoreva activated kabhoni uye mineral pulp, zvichiteerana, pane kumisa kabhoni sezvatinga wanzofunga. Zvichienderana nenguva yekusuma kabhoni yakamiswa, isu tinoreva maitiro ekuleaching anoteverwa neadsorption seye carbon pulp method (CIP), ukuwo panguva imwe chete leaching uye adsorption ichinzi kabhoni leaching nzira (CIL). Nekuda kwekushandiswa kwayo kwakanyanya kwemidziyo yekugadzira, nhamba iri kuwedzera yemiti yecyanide iri kutora nzira iyi. Mabhenefiti ayo makuru anosanganisira kubvisa kudiwa kwekugeza pulp uye kupatsanurwa kwakasimba-mvura, sezvo ichishandisa zvakananga granular activated kabhoni kushambadza goridhe kubva papulp, kutsiva kugeza, kupatsanurwa kwakasimba-mvura, uye kujekesa, degassing, uye zinc kutsiva mashandiro eiyo leachate. Izvi zvinorerutsa maitiro ekugadzira maindasitiri, inovandudza kushanda zvakanaka, uye inoderedza zvakanyanya michina nekudyara kwezvivakwa.

Iyo cyanidation process inoda yakasimba kugaya fineness.

Kune yakajairwa goridhe-inotakura quartz vein oxidized ores, nekuda kwekutadza kutenderera kwemaminerari ane goridhe, zvinowanzonetsa kuwana yakanaka mamineral ekugadzirisa zviratidzo uchishandisa nzira dzekuyangarara. Nekudaro, nekushandisa iyo kabhoni pulp process, zvinokwanisika kuwana yakazara kudzoreredza mwero weinopfuura 93% pasi pemamiriro ehushoma hutsvina hunokuvadza.

Sezvambotaurwa, kushanda kweiyo cyanidation process kunoenderana nekugona kusunungura goridhe rakavharidzirwa, zvichiita kuti kukuya kunonyanya kukosha mukugadzirira kushanda kwekabhoni pulp miti. Muzvakajairwa kabhoni pulp zvidyarwa, kukuya kutsetseka kwakakodzera cyanidation kunowanzoda 80-95% yezvinhu kuti ive yakanaka kupfuura -0.074 mm. Mune mimwe migodhi ine kugovaniswa kwezvicherwa, chinodiwa chinogona kunge chiri chekupfuura 95% kuti ive yakanaka kudarika -0.037 mm. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kuwana hunyoro hunodiwa muchikamu chimwe chete chekukuya mumiti yekabhoni pulp zvinonetsa, kazhinji zvinoda matanho maviri kana matatu ekukuya.

Kudzora kwekugaya kunowanikwa zvakanyanya nekugadzirisa vhoriyamu yemvura yekudyisa, ore feed huwandu, uye kudzoka jecha reshiyo. Kana iyo yekukuya yekuisa yakanyanya kuwanda, huwandu hwemvura yekudya hunofanira kuwedzerwa, huwandu hwekudya kweore mumatanho maviri akavharwa-yedunhu kugaya kunofanirwa kuderedzwa, uye chiyero chejecha rekudzoka chinofanira kuwedzerwa, uye zvinopesana. Kudzora kwehuwandu hwekuwedzeredza hunogona kudzorwa nekugadzirisa huwandu hwemvura yekudyisa, kureba kweiyo inofashukira weir, saizi yekupinza uye yekubuda, uye saizi yekufashukira yekubuda. Kudzora kwekupfachuka kwehunyoro kunoda kugadziridzwa kune kureba kweafashukira weir, saizi yekubuda kunze, chiyero uye reshiyo yemabhora esimbi, grinding concentration, uye overflow concentration.

Muchidimbu, ese tekinoroji paramita mukushanda kwekukuya ane hukama, anopindirana, uye anoganhurana. Nokudaro, nzira yakakwana uye yakarongeka inofanira kutorwa panguva yekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa maitiro.

Kudzivirira hydrolysis ye cyanides yakakosha.

The Cyanides tinowanzo shandisa (potassium cyanide, Sodium cyanide, calcium cyanide) ese mabhesi akasimba uye asina kusimba asidhi munyu, ayo anowanzo ku hydrolysis mumvura, achigadzira hydrogen cyanide iyo inogona kukanganisa kuwanda kweiyo cyanide mu pulp. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kudzivirira hydrolysis ye cyanides panguva yekudzidzira. Nzira inonyanya kushanda ndeyekuwedzera huwandu hweiyo hydroxide ions, iyo yatinowanzo reva sekuwedzera pH kukosha. Iyo yakanyanya hupfumi pH inogadzirisa mumiriri muindasitiri iri lime, asi lime inogona zvakare kukonzera kutenderera uchigadzirisa pH. Nokudaro, tinoiwedzera panguva yekushanda kwekukuya kuti tive nechokwadi chokuti yakapararira zvakanaka.Panguva ye cyanide leaching, mhinduro inofanira kuchengetedza imwe alkalinity kudzivirira kuparara kwe cyanides, asi alkalinity ye cyanide solution haifaniri kunge yakanyanyisa, sezvo izvi zvinogona kuderedza kuparara kwegoridhe.

Sezvo nguva yekudonha ichiwedzera, mwero wekudonha kwegoridhe unovandudzika, asi mushure meimwe nguva, kuwedzera nguva yekuregedza zvakanyanya hakuwedzere zvakanyanya chiyero chegoridhe. Naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuve nechokwadi cheimwe nguva yekuchenesa panguva yecyanide leaching kuvimbisa inoshanda goridhe leaching. Kazhinji, kukosha kwepH panguva yekuvhiya kabhoni pulp kunoshanda zvakanyanya kana iri pakati pegumi ne10.

Kudzora iyo pulp concentration chinhu chakakosha cheiyo cyanidation process.

Ingave goridhe uye cyanide kana goridhe cyanide uye activated kabhoni, kubatwa kwakakwana kunodiwa kuti uwane yakanaka mamineral processing zviratidzo, izvo zvinoisa zvakanyanya kudiwa pakusungwa kwepulp. Kana iyo yekuisa yakanyanya kuwanda, inogona kudonha zviri nyore pamusoro peiyo activated kabhoni; kana yakaderera, inogona kugadzikana nyore nyore. Pamusoro pezvo, kuchengetedza yakakodzera pH kukosha uye cyanide kusungwa, huwandu hukuru hwema reagents hunofanirwa kuwedzerwa. Pakusarudza macyanides, zvinhu zvakaita sekugona kwavo kunyungudutsa goridhe, kugadzikana, uye kukanganisa kwetsvina pakunyungudika kwegoridhe zvinofanirwa kutariswa.

Mushure memakore ekudzidzira kugadzirwa, zvinotendwa kuti kuunganidzwa kwe40-45% yekabhoni pulp goridhe kutorwa uye cyanide concentration ye300-500 ppm inonyanya kukodzera. Nekudaro, sezvambotaurwa, kukuya kunowanzoda nhanho mbiri kusvika nhatu dzekushanda, uye yekupedzisira yechigadzirwa kusungwa kazhinji iri pasi pe20%. Naizvozvo, usati wapinda mukuita leaching, iyo pulp inofanirwa kuita thickening process.

Kudzora kwe Sodium Cyanide kusungirirwa panguva yekushanda kweleaching kunofanirwa kutevedzera aya misimboti: uchiri kuona kunyungudika kwegoridhe kushanda zvakanaka, kudzikisira zvakafanira sodium cyanide kuita kuti sodium cyanide concentration ienderane kune ese akateedzana leaching matangi, kana kuve nechokwadi chekuti sodium cyanide concentration mumatangi ekutanga leaching yakakwira kupfuura mune anozotevera. Iyo idiki iyo shanduko yekuchinja kweiyo sodium cyanide yakagadziriswa inodzorwa mune yega leaching tank, zviri nani. Zviri nani kuti reshiyo yematangi ekuleaching anowedzera sodium cyanide kune huwandu hwese hwematangi ekuleaching awedzere. Kuyera iyo sodium hydroxide yekumisikidza kakawanda kunobatsira pakudzora mashandiro ehunyanzvi mamiriro. Sodium cyanide inowanzowedzerwa kune rimwe tangi pakusangana kweanenge 10%.

Iyo Basic Mechanism yeCyanide Leaching process

Kubva pane fomula iri pamusoro, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti cyanidation process inzira inoda okisijeni, sezvo kuiswa kweokisijeni panguva yekugadzira kunogona kukurumidza kukurumidza. Zvechokwadi, tinogonawo kuwedzera zvakakodzera oxidizing agents, zvakadai sehydrogen peroxide; zvisinei, maoxidants akawandisa anogona kutungamirira kukugadzirwa kweiyo cyanide kubva ku cyanide, iyo isingabatsiri kune leaching process.

Kubva pane fomula, isu tinogona zvakare kuona kuti 1 mol yegoridhe inoda chete 2 mol yecyanide yekuomesesa. Panyaya yehuremu, ingangoita 1 g yegoridhe inoda 0.5 g yecyanide sechinhu chinobvisa. Nekudaro, mukugadzirwa chaiko, nekuda kwesimba rezvimwe zvicherwa, senge sirivheri, mhangura, lead, uye zinc, iyo inogona zvakare kusangana neyakaomeswa maitiro necyanide, muyero wemareagents haufanirwe kungogumira pakuverenga chete. Inofanirwa kugadziridzwa zvichibva pane yekupedzisira leaching rate, uye zvigadziriso zvinofanirwa kuteverwa kana ore zvivakwa zvachinja. Kazhinji, huwandu hwe200 kusvika ku500 nguva dzakakwirira kudarika kukosha kwakaverengwa kunoonekwa sekwakanaka. Muchidimbu, kuve nechokwadi chekusangana kwe cyanide ions mu pulp ndiyo inodiwa mamiriro ekuwana zviratidzo zvakanaka.

Kana iyo goridhe yakashambadzirwa pane yakarodha kabhoni inosvika pamusoro pe3000 g/t, isu tinofunga kuti iyo yese kabhoni pulp adsorption process yapera. Nekudaro, ores ane hutsvina hwakanyanya hwemhangura nesirivheri anogona zvakare kukanganisa adsorption kugona kweiyo activated kabhoni, zvichikonzera kuti iyo goridhe-yakarodha kabhoni isasvike zvatinotarisira tarisiro. Kana iyo activated kabhoni isisina adsorption kugona, isu tinoiona sekuzara. Kune saturated activated kabhoni, isu tinofanirwa desorb uye electrolyze kuti tiwane goridhe. Nekudaro, izvo zvinotevera mashandiro akaomarara uye zvinoda mari yakakura. Mumatunhu ane huwandu hwakanyanya hwekugadzirwa kwegoridhe, tinogona kutengesa iyo goridhe-yakatakura kabhoni kuti tiwane purofiti, kana nzira iri nyore ndeyekuwana goridhe nekupisa.

Shaanxi United Chemical inyanzvi yekugadzira uye mutengesi we sodium cyanide, kemikari yakakosha inoshandiswa mumaindasitiri akasiyana semigodhi uye makemikari synthesis. Chikwata chehunyanzvi pa United Chemical haingope zvigadzirwa chete asi zvakare yakatsaurirwa kupa yakazara tekinoroji rutsigiro. Neruzivo rwakakura rweindasitiri, nyanzvi dzedu dzinokwanisa kugadzirisa chero mibvunzo kana matambudziko aungasangana nawo. Nokusarudza Shaanxi United Chemical semupi wako we sodium cyanide, iwe uchawana ruzivo rwehupfumi uye zviwanikwa zvinogona kusimudzira mashandiro ako nekuvandudza mashandiro. Batana nesu izvozvi kuti uwane rubatsiro rwehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi uye zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro.