Nzira uye Maitiro ekubvisa Cyanide paSulfide Mineral Surfaces

ziviso

Mukubatsira uye Kusveta maitiro e-non-ferrous metal sulfide ores, Cyanide inowanzoshandiswa kuwedzera simbi kupora rates. Zvisinei, the cyanide kusara pamusoro pe sulfide ores hakungove nemhedzisiro yakaipa pane inotevera nzira inoyerera asi zvakare inokonzera zvakakomba matambudziko ezvakatipoteredza. Naizvozvo, kukudziridzwa kwenzira dzinoshanda uye dzezvakatipoteredza dzekubvisa cyanide pamusoro pe sulfide ores kune zvakakosha zvikuru.

Ikozvino Mamiriro uye Njodzi dzeCyanide Residue pane Sulfide Mineral Surfaces

Mamiriro Ezvino

Muchinyakare flotation process ye sulfide ores, cyanide inoshandiswa zvakanyanya se inhibitor. Inogona kuvharidzira zvakasarudzwa mamwe maminerari asingadikanwi mune sulfide ores, nokudaro achiwana kupatsanurwa kwemaminerari anotangwa kubva kune gangue minerals. Asi mushure mekutenderera, yakawanda cyanide ichashambadza pamusoro pe sulfide ores. Zvinoenderana netsvakiridzo yakakodzera, mune mamwe maconcentrators, iyo cyanide yemukati iri pamusoro pe sulfide ore inodzika mushure mekutenderera inogona kunge yakakwira mazana emazana emamirigiramu pakirogiramu.

Njodzi

Kubva pamaonero etekinoroji, iyo cyanide yakasara ichakanganisa iyo inotevera smelting process. Semuenzaniso, panguva yekunyungudutswa kwemhangura sulfide ores, cyanide ichaita macomplexes nemhangura, kuderedza kunyunguduka kwemhangura uye kuwedzera kushandiswa kwesimba. Kubva pakuona kwezvakatipoteredza, cyanide chinhu chine muchetura zvakanyanya. Kana miswe yemvura yakasviba ine cyanide ikaiswa munzvimbo yechisikigo, inosvibisa miviri yemvura nevhu, kuisa mungozi zvipenyu zvemumvura nezvinomera zvakatenderedza, uye kunyange kutyisidzira hutano hwevanhu kuburikidza nechikafu cheni.

Nzira dzekubvisa Cyanide paSulfide Mineral Surfaces

Oxidation nzira

1.Chemical Oxidation Method

• Nheyo: Shandisa maoxidants akasimba kuita oxidize cyanide kuita zvinhu zvisinganyanyi muchetura kana zvisina muchetura. Kazhinji oxidants zvinosanganisira hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), sodium hypochlorite (NaClO), etc. Kutora hydrogen peroxide semuenzaniso, maitiro ayo equation ndeye: (2CN + 5H2O2 = 2HCO3 + N2↑ + 4H2O).

• Maitiro Ekushandisa: Chekutanga, isa sulfide ore pulp ine cyanide mune reaction tank uye gadzirisa iyo pH kukosha kweiyo pulp kune yakafanira renji (kazhinji, yehydrogen peroxide oxidation, iyo pH kukosha kuri nani pakati pe9 - 11). Wobva wawedzera zvishoma nezvishoma hydrogen peroxide solution uchikurunga kuita kuti oxidant ibatane zvizere uye kuita ne pulp. Nguva yekuita inowanzobva pamaawa 1 - 3, uye nguva chaiyo inoenderana neiyo cyanide concentration mu pulp uye zvinhu zve ore.

• Advantages: Iyo yekumhanyisa yekumhanyisa inokurumidza, uye mhedzisiro yekubvisa yecyanide yakanaka, inogona kuderedza iyo cyanide concentration kusvika padanho rakaderera.

• payakaipira: Oxidants senge hydrogen peroxide inodhura, uye yakawandisa oxidants inogona kuve nekukanganisa kunotevera kubatsiridza kana kunyungudutsa.

Adsorption nzira

1.Activated Carbon Adsorption Method

• Principle: Yashanda kabhoni ine nzvimbo yakakura chaiyo uye maburi akapfuma, ayo anogona kunyudza cyanide pamusoro payo kuburikidza nekunyudzwa kwemuviri uye kemikari.

• Maitiro Ekushandisa: Wedzera Yakagadziriswa Carbon Isa kabhoni yakasanganiswa nesulfide ore pulp ine cyanide wobva wakurunga zvakanaka kuti kabhoni yakasanganiswa ibatane zvizere necyanide iri mu pulp. Nguva yekunyungudutsa inowanzova maminetsi makumi matatu kusvika maawa maviri. Mushure mekunyungudutsa, paradzanisa kabhoni yakasanganiswa ne pulp nekusefa kana neimwe nzira.

• Advantages: Iko kushanda kuri nyore, uye ine yakanaka adsorption mhedzisiro pane yakaderera - concentration cyanide. Activated carbon inogona kuvandudzwa uye kushandiswa zvakare.

• payakaipira: Kune yakakwira -concentration cyanide, iyo adsorption kugona ishoma, uye kurapwa kwakashata kweiyo adsorbed activated kabhoni kuchakonzera kusvibiswa kwechipiri.

2.Ion - Exchange Resin Adsorption Method

• Principle: Ion - exchange resins ine chaiwo anoshanda mapoka anogona kuchinjana nemaion ari mucyanide, nekudaro adsorbing cyanide pane resin.

• Maitiro Ekushandisa: Takura iyoion - chinjana resin mukoramu yekutsinhana uye ita kuti sulfide ore pulp ine cyanide ipfuure nepakati mbiru yekutsinhana. Dzora mwero wekuyerera kwe pulp kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti cyanide inochinjana zvizere neresin. Kana iyo resin yakazadzwa ne adsorption, shandisa yakananga eluent kuburitsa uye kudzoreredza resin.

• Advantages: Iyo ine yakakwira adsorption selectivity ye cyanide uye inogona kuwana inoenderera kushanda.

• payakaipira: Mutengo we resin wakakwira, iyo elution process yakaoma, uye cyanide - ine elution waste liquid inogona kugadzirwa.

Dzimwe Nzira

1.Acid - Base Neutralization Method

• Principle: Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, cyanide ichaita hydrolysis maitiro munzvimbo dzine acidic kana alkaline kuti igadzire zvinhu zvishoma zvine muchetura kana zvisina muchetura. Somuenzaniso, mumamiriro ezvinhu ane acidic, cyanide ichaita nehydrogen ions kuti iite hydrocyanic acid (HCN), iyo inogona kubviswa nekuputika; mune alkaline mamiriro, cyanide hydrolyzes kuumba cyanate uye zvimwe zvinhu.

• Maitiro Ekushandisa: Kana acidic hydrolysis ikagamuchirwa, zvishoma nezvishoma wedzera zvinogadzirisa acidic zvakadai se dilute sulfuric acid kune sulfide ore pulp ine cyanide, gadzirisa pH kukosha ku 2 - 4. uye ipapo aerate kuti iite volatilize yakagadzirwa hydrocyanic acid. Kana alkaline hydrolysis ikagamuchirwa, wedzera alkaline zvinhu zvakadai sodium hydroxide, gadzirisa pH kukosha kusvika 10 - 12. uye ita pane imwe nguva (kazhinji 2 - 4 maawa).

• Advantages: Mutengo wacho wakaderera, uye kushanda kuri nyore.

• payakaipira: Iyo hydrocyanic acid inogadzirwa panguva yeacidic hydrolysis ine muchetura uye inoda matanho ekudzivirira akasimba; iyo alkaline hydrolysis reaction speed inononoka, uye panogona kunge kuchine huwandu hushoma hwemasara ecyanide mushure mekurapwa.

Process Flow Dhizaini yekubvisa Cyanide paSulfide Mineral Surfaces

Pretreatment Stage

1. Pulp Adjustment: Gadzirisa huwandu hwe sulfide ore pulp mushure mekutenderera. Kazhinji, iyo pulp concentration inodzorwa pakati pe20% - 40% yekutevera kurapwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, tarisa iyo yekutanga cyanide concentration mu pulp kuti ipe hwaro hwekuona anotevera maitiro paramita.

2. Kubvisa Kusachena: Bvisa zvakakura - zvimedu tsvina uye zvimwe zvakamiswa zvakasimba mu pulp nekusefa, sedimentation, nezvimwewo, kudzivirira kuti dzisakanganisa maitiro anotevera ekurapa.

Removal Stage

1. Nzira Sarudzo: Sarudza yakafanira nzira yekubvisa zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita seye cyanide concentration mu pulp, ore zvivakwa, mutengo wekurapa, uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza zvinodiwa. Semuenzaniso, kune yakakwira -concentration cyanide uye zviitiko apo mutengo usiri kunetseka, iyo kemikari Oxidation nzira inogona kupiwa pekutanga; kune yakaderera -concentration cyanide uye zvakatipoteredza - chiitiko chekuziva, iyo biological oxidation nzira kana adsorption nzira inogona kunyatsokodzera.

2. Maitiro Parameter Kudzora: Kutora hydrogen peroxide oxidation mu Kemikari oxidation nzira semuenzaniso, zvakasimba kudzora uwandu hydrogen peroxide akawedzera (kazhinji akaverengerwa maererano cyanide kusungwa uye kuita equation), kuita tembiricha (kazhinji 20 - 30 ℃), pH ukoshi (9 - 11), uye kunomutsa kukurumidza (100 - 300 revolutions paminiti) uye mamwe parameters kuti ave nechokwadi kushanda zvakanaka.

Post - kurapwa Danho

1. Yakasimba - Liquid Separation: Kuparadzanisa pulp mushure mekubviswa kwe cyanide nekusefa, centrifugation, nezvimwewo kuti uwane yakacheneswa sulfide ore concentrates uye tsvina ine zvishoma cyanide.

2. Kuchenesa mvura: Kuwedzera kubata mvura yetsvina yakapatsanurwa kuti isangane nemiyero yenyika. Secondary oxidation, adsorption, uye dzimwe nzira dzinogona kushandiswa kubvisa zvakadzama cyanide mumvura yetsvina kuti ive nechokwadi chekubuda kwakachengeteka.

mhedziso

Kune nzira dzakasiyana dzekubvisa cyanide pamusoro pe sulfide ores, uye imwe neimwe nzira ine zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira. Mumashandisirwo anoshanda, zvinodikanwa kunyatso tarisa zvinhu senge ore zvivakwa, cyanide concentration, mutengo wekurapa, uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza zvinodiwa kuti usarudze nzira dzakakodzera uye mafambiro anoyerera. Nekuwedzera kuomesera kwekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza zvinodiwa uye kuenderera mberi kwehunyanzvi tekinoroji, kuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi, hushamwari hwezvakatipoteredza, uye husingadhuri matekinoroji ekubvisa cyanide pamusoro pe sulfide ores ichave yakakosha nzira yekutsvagisa mune ramangwana. Kuburikidza nekuenderera mberi kwekuita optimization, inotarisirwa kuwana zero - kuburitswa kwecyanide mukubatsira uye kunyungudutsa maitiro e sulfide ores uye kukurudzira kusimudzira kwakasimba kweiyo isiri-ferrous metal indasitiri.