Mhando Dzakajairika dzeCyanides

Cyanides ikirasi yemakemikari emakemikari ane boka recyano (-CN). Ivo vanozivikanwa nepamusoro reactivity yavo uye inogona kuita chepfu. Muchikamu chino, tichaongorora mamwe emhando dzakajairika dze Cyanides, zvinhu zvavo, uye kushandiswa kwavo.

Hydrogen Cyanide (HCN)

Hydrogen cyanide, inozivikanwawo seprussic acid, imvura isina ruvara, inoputika zvakanyanya uye ine unhu hunovava hwealmond. Iyo ine muchetura zvakanyanya uye inogona kuuraya kunyangwe mudiki dosi. HCN inoshandiswa mukuita kwakasiyana siyana kwemaindasitiri, sekugadzira mapurasitiki, mafivha ekugadzira, uye mishonga yezvipembenene. Inoshandiswawo mukutorwa kwegoridhe nesirivha kubva mumatombo.

Sodium Cyanide (NaCN)

Sodium cyanide ichena, ine crystalline yakasimba inonyungudika zvakanyanya mumvura. Ndiyo imwe yeinonyanya kushandiswa cyanides muindasitiri. NaCN inoshandiswa mu electroplating, kuchenesa simbi, uye kubviswa kwesimbi dzinokosha. Inoshandiswawo mukugadzira mimwe mishonga nemakemikari.

Potassium Cyanide (KCN)

Potassium cyanide yakafanana muzvinhu kune Sodium Cyanide. Ichena, ine crystalline yakasimba inonyungudika zvakanyanya mumvura. KCN inoshandiswawo mu electroplating, kuchenesa simbi, uye kutorwa kwesimbi dzinokosha. Iyo dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa murabhoritari sereagent.

Cyanogen Chloride (CNCl)

Cyanogen chloride igasi risina ruvara uye rinonhuwa. Iyo ine muchetura zvakanyanya uye inogona kukonzera matambudziko makuru ekufema. CNCl inoshandiswa mukugadzira mamwe makemikari uye semakemikari ehondo.

Organic Cyanides (Nitriles)

Organic cyanides, inozivikanwawo se nitriles, makemikari ayo boka re cyano rinobatana ne kabhoni atomu iri mumorekuru yeorganic. Mienzaniso ye organic cyanides inosanganisira acetonitrile (CH3CN), propionitrile (CH3CH2CN), uye benzonitrile (C6H5CN). Nitriles dzinoshandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, dzakadai se solvents, intermediates mu organic synthesis, uye mukugadzirwa kwema polymers.

Cyanide Munyu

Mukuwedzera kune sodium uye Potassium Cyanide, kune mamwe ma cyanide munyu, akadai se calcium cyanide (Ca (CN) 2), barium cyanide (Ba (CN) 2), uye ammonium cyanide (NH4CN). Aya mamunyu anoshandiswawo mumaindasitiri akasiyana siyana.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti ma cyanides ane muchetura zvakanyanya uye anogona kuisa njodzi kuhutano hwevanhu uye nharaunda. Kuchengetedza kwakakodzera kunofanirwa kutorwa pakubata uye kushandisa cyanides. Muchiitiko chekusangana ne cyanides, kurapwa kwekukurumidzira kunofanirwa kutsvakwa.