Njodzi dzeSodium Cyanide kune Ivhu uye Zvakatipoteredza

ziviso

Sodium Cyanide ikemikari ine chepfu yakawanda inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana, akadai sekuchera goridhe nesirivha, kugadzira electroplating, uye kugadzira organic. Zvisinei, kushandiswa kwayo zvisina kunaka, kuchengetwa, kana kuraswa kunogona kukonzera migumisiro yakaipa kuvhu nenzvimbo yese. Chinyorwa ichi cheblog chinovavarira kuongorora zvakadzama njodzi dzinokonzerwa nesodium cyanide kuvhu nenzvimbo.

Zvivakwa uye Zvitubu zveSodium Cyanide

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) chinhu chichena, chine kristalo chakasimba chinonyungudika zvikuru mumvura. Chine chepfu zvakanyanya, chine hwema hwema hwemaarumondi hunovava (kunyange zvazvo vasiri vese vanogona kuona hwema uhwu). Mumaindasitiri, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukubvisa goridhe nesirivha kubva mumatombo kuburikidza nenzira inonzi cyanidation. Mukuita uku, Sodium Cyanide inoshandiswa kunyungudutsa simbi dzinokosha, ichigadzira soluble metal cyanide complexes. Mamwe maindasitiri, akadai se electroplating, anoshandisa iyo kuisa simbi yakatetepa pazvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana. Pamusoro pezvo, inoshanda sechinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwemakemikari akawanda e organic muindasitiri yemakemikari. Zvinosuwisa kuti, kudururwa netsaona, kuraswa kwemarara zvisina kunaka, uye kudonha kubva munzvimbo dzekuchengetera zvinhu zvinogona kuburitsa Sodium cyanide munzvimbo.

Njodzi kuIvhu

Impact paSoil Microorganisms

Hurukuro hwevhu hunoita basa rakakosha mukuchengetedza kuorera kwevhu, kutenderera kwechikafu, uye hutano hwevhu hwese. Sodium cyanide, kana iripo muvhu, inogona kukanganisa tupukanana idzi. Kunyange pazvishoma, cyanide inogona kudzivisa kushanda kwebhakitiriya revhu, fungi, uye mamwe utachiona hunobatsira. Semuenzaniso, inogona kukanganisa iyo nitrogen - kugadzirisa kugona kwemamwe mabhakitiriya, ayo akakosha pakushandura nitrogen yemumhepo kuita chimiro chinogona kushandiswa nezvirimwa. Kukanganiswa kwe nitrogen bhasikoro uku kunogona kukonzera kudzikira kwekuorera kwevhu nekufamba kwenguva. Kuwanda kwecyanide kunogona kuuraya tupukanana twakawanda muvhu, kuderedza kusiyana kweutachiona uye kuchinja kuenzana kwevhu.

Mhedzisiro paKuumbwa kweIvhu uye Kuwanikwa Kwekudya kunovaka muviri

Cyanide inogonawo kukanganisa chimiro chemuviri uye chemakemikari evhu. Inogona kusunga kune simbi uye organic matter muvhu, ichigadzira yakagadzikana macomplexes. Kusunga uku kunogona kuita kuti zvinovaka muviri zvinokosha, zvakadai sesimbi, zingi, uye mhangura, zvisawanikwe kune zvirimwa. Kana cyanide ikasangana nezvikamu zvevhu, inogona kushandura pH yevhu, izvo zvinokanganisa kunyungudika uye kuwanikwa kwezvimwe zvinovaka muviri. Semuenzaniso, mune dzimwe nguva, cyanide - indundurwa shanduko mupH inogona kutungamira kunaya kwe phosphorus, zvichiita kuti isasvike kune zvirimwa. Uyezve, kuvapo kwecyanide kunogona kukanganisa kuunganidzwa kwevhu. Ivhu rine hutano aggregates zvakakosha pakupinda kwemvura, kupinda kwemidzi, uye aeration. Kana chimiro chacho chikavhiringidzwa, ivhu rinogona kuwedzera kuumbika, zvichiita kuti kusanaya zvakanaka uye kuderedzwa kweokisijeni kuwanikwa kwemidzi yezvirimwa.

Kusvibiswa kweIvhu uye Kugona Kwenguva Yakareba-Kugara Kwenguva

Kamwe sodium cyanide yapinda muvhu, inogona kuramba kwenguva yakareba, zvichienderana nemamiriro ekunze. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, cyanide inogona kuderedzwa zvishoma nezvishoma nevhu microorganisms kana makemikari maitiro. Nekudaro, kana iyo yekumisikidza yakakwira kana mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza asina kunaka pakushatisa (senge mune anaerobic kana yakanyanya acidic ivhu), cyanide inogona kuungana muvhu. Kusamira kwenguva refu uku kunoreva kuti ivhu rinogona kuramba rakasvibiswa kwemakore, zvichiunza njodzi inoenderera mberi kukukura kwezvirimwa uye zvipenyu zvinogara ivhu. Uyezve, ivhu rakasvibiswa rinogona kushanda senzvimbo yekusvibiswa kwechipiri, sezvo cyanide inogona kupinda mumvura yepasi kana kutakurwa nepamusoro pemvura, ichiparadzira kusvibiswa kune dzimwe nzvimbo.

Njodzi Kunharaunda

Kusvibiswa Kwemvura

Sodium cyanide inonyanya kunyungudika mumvura, uye chero kuburitswa mumvura kunogona kuita njodzi. Kana ichipinda mumvura yepamusoro, senzizi kana madhamu, inogona kukurumidza kunyungudika uye kuita maion cyanide. Kunyangwe pakadzika pasi, cyanide ine chepfu zvakanyanya kune zvipenyu zvemumvura. Hove, invertebrates, uye amphibians zvinonyanya kukoshesa kuratidzwa kwecyanide. Inogona kukanganisa maitiro avo ekufema, ichidzivisa kutora kweokisijeni. Nekuda kweizvozvo, hove dzinogona kuona kuderedzwa kwekushambira, kuvharirwa kubereka, uye mumatambudziko akaomarara, kufa kwevazhinji. Concentrations yakaderera se5 - 7.2 micrograms per litre yefree cyanide inogona kuva nemigumisiro yakaipa pahove, uye mazinga ari pamusoro pe200 micrograms per litre anokurumidza kuchetura kune hove dzakawanda. Invertebrates inoratidzawo isingauraye yakaipa mhedzisiro pane yakaderera cyanide concentration, uye zvinouraya zvinokonzeresa zvishoma zvishoma. Cyanide inogona zvakare kusvibisa mvura yepasi, inova manyuko makuru emvura yekunwa munharaunda zhinji. Kana cyanide - yakasvibiswa pasi pemvura yakashandiswa kunwa, inogona kutyisa zvakanyanya kuhutano hwevanhu, zvichikonzera zviratidzo zvakadai semusoro, dzungu, kusvotwa, uye mune zvakanyanya, rufu.

Kusvibiswa kwemhepo

Kana sodium cyanide ikasangana nemaacid, acid munyu, mvura, hunyoro, kana Carbon dioxide, inogona kuburitsa gasi rehydrogen cyanide (HCN) rine chepfu, rinobvira moto. Gasi iri rinogona kuburitswa mumhepo, kunyanya munzvimbo dzemaindasitiri uko kunodururwa netsaona kana kubatwa zvisina kunaka. Gasi rehydrogen cyanide rine njodzi huru sezvo rinogona kufemerwa nevanhu nemhuka. Kufemerwa kunyange nehuwandu hushoma hwehydrogen cyanide kunogona kukonzera matambudziko ehutano ipapo ipapo, kusanganisira kunetseka kufema, kufema nekukurumidza, musoro, dzungu, uye kana munhu akabatwa zvakanyanya, zvinogona kukonzera kumisa kufema nerufu. Kuwedzera kune njodzi dzakananga dzehutano, gasi rehydrogen cyanide rinogonawo kukonzera kusvibiswa kwemhepo munzvimbo dzakapoteredza, zvichikanganisa kunaka kwemhepo uye zvinogona kukuvadza zvirimwa kuburikidza nekutorwa kwemashizha.

Impact paTerestrial Ecosystems

Kupfuura mhedzisiro yakananga paivhu nemvura, kusvibiswa kwesodium cyanide kunogona kuva nemhedzisiro inosvika kure kune ecosystem yepasi. Sezvo zvidyarwa zviri hwaro hwecheni yechikafu, chero kukanganisa kwechirimwa kukura nekuda kwevhu - yakasvibiswa cyanide inogona kukanganisa iyo ecosystem yese. Herbivores anovimba nezvirimwa izvi pakudya anogona kuona kushomeka kwechikafu kana anogona kudya zvirimwa zvine cyanide yakakwira, inogona kuva muchetura kwavari. Izvi, zvakare, zvinogona kukanganisa huwandu hwezvikara zvinodya mhuka idzi. Semuenzaniso, munzvimbo dzine migodhi yakakonzera kusvibiswa kwevhu recyanide, nharaunda dzezvirimwa dzinogona kushanduka, nemhando dzemiti dzinonzwa dzichitsiviwa nedziya dzinoshivirira cyanide. Uku kushanduka munharaunda dzezvirimwa kunogona kutungamira mukurasikirwa kwekugara uye zvekudya zvemarudzi mazhinji emhuka dzesango, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kudzikira kwekusiyana kwezvipenyu.

mhedziso

Sodium cyanide, nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwehupfu, inoisa njodzi kune zvese ivhu uye zvakatipoteredza. Kukanganisa kweivhu kunogona kukanganisa hunhu hwayo hwebhayoloji, hwemuviri, uye makemikari, zvichikonzera kudzikira kubereka uye kusvibiswa kwenguva refu. Munharaunda yakafararira, inogona kukonzera kusvibiswa kwemvura nemhepo, kuisa mungozi zvipenyu zvemvura uye zvepasi, pamwe neutano hwevanhu. Tichifunga nezvenjodzi idzi, zvakakosha kuti maindasitiri anoshandisa sodium cyanide aite matanho akasimba ekuchengetedza mukubata kwayo, kuchengetedza, uye kuraswa. Pamusoro pezvo, masangano anodzora anofanirwa kuteedzera mirau yezvakatipoteredza kuderedza kuburitswa kwesodium cyanide munzvimbo uye kuchengetedza zviwanikwa zvedu zvakakosha.