Zvakajairwa Mamiriro uye Mashandisirwo eMamiriro eSodium Cyanide

ziviso

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) ikemikari inosanganiswa neakakosha maindasitiri ekushandisa, kunyangwe ane muchetura zvakanyanya. Ichena, ine crystalline yakasimba inonyungudika zvakanyanya mumvura. Ichi chinyorwa chichaongorora zvinowanzoitika zve sodium cyanide uye kushandiswa kwayo kwakasiyana mumaindasitiri akasiyana.

Zvakajairwa Magadzirirwo

Purity Levels

• 98% Kuchena: Iri igiredhi rinowanzo kuwanikwa pamusika. For solid Sodium Cyanide, pachiyero ichi chekuchena, chikamu chikuru, Sodium cyanide (NaCN), inofanira kunge iripo pane inokwana 98.0%. Pamwe chete neizvi, mamwe maparameter akadai seNaOH emukati anofanira kunge ari ≤0.3%, Na₂CO₃ ≤0.2%, mwando ≤0.2%, uye nyaya isinganyungudika mumvura ≤0.01%. Iri giredhi rakakodzera kune rakasiyana siyana rekushandisa maindasitiri uko chiyero chepamusoro chekuchena chinodiwa asi kwete yakanyanya kurongeka. Semuenzaniso, mune mamwe maitiro ekuchenesa simbi, iyi 98% yakachena sodium cyanide inogona kunyatsobvisa pamusoro oxides uye zvinosvibisa.

• 99% Kuchena: Inomiririra giredhi repamusoro, yakasimba sodium cyanide ine 99% kuchena ine zvakanyanya kuomesesa maitiro. Zvinyorwa zveNaCN zvinofanira kuva ≥99.0%, nehunyoro ≤0.5%, nyaya isingagadziriswi mumvura ≤0.01%, cyanide ≤0.01%, chloride ≤0.20%, uye sulfate ≤0.07%. Iri repamusoro giredhi rekuchena rinowanzo shandiswa mumashandisirwo apo kuvepo kwetsvina kunogona kukanganisa maitiro emakemikari. Mukugadzirwa kwemamwe emhando yepamusoro electroplating mhinduro, iyo 99% yakachena sodium cyanide inobatsira mukuwana imwe yunifomu uye yepamusoro-yemhando yesimbi coating.

Mafomu Emuviri

• simba: Sodium cyanide inowanzowanikwa yakasimba fomu, inogona kunge iri muchimiro chematombo, crystalline particles, kana upfu. Mafomu akasimba anosarudzwa kuitira kuchengetedza nyore uye kutakura kwekufamba madaro marefu. Iyo yakasimba fomu kashoma kudonha panguva yekufamba kana ichienzaniswa neyemvura fomu. Inowanzo kurongedzerwa mumabhegi akavharirwa maviri mukati mekrete remapuranga, anowanzo kurema kutenderedza 1 tonne. Solid sodium cyanide inoshandiswa zvakanyanya indasitiri yezvicherwa yokuchera goridhe. Mabriquettes, ayo akatenderedza 98% akachena uye achiita seachena, akafanana nemarasha briquettes uye ari nyore kubata mumigodhi mikuru.

• Liquid: Liquid sodium cyanide, kunyange zvazvo isingawanzoitiki nekuda kwekutakura uye kuchengetedza matambudziko, inowanikwawo. A common concentration ye liquid sodium cyanide inoshandiswa mune mamwe maapplication ndeye 30%. Mune iyi fomu, zvinyorwa zveNaCN zvinofanira kuva ≥30.0%, neNaOH ≤1.0%, Na₂CO₃ ≤1.0%, NaCl ≤0.027%, uye NaCOOH ≤0.60%, uye APHA (chiyero chemavara) kukosha ≤100. Liquid sodium cyanide inoshandiswa mune mamwe maindasitiri maitiro uko kune imwe homogeneous uye nyore - yakaparadzirwa fomu yekemikari inodiwa, senge mune mamwe maitiro ekuchera migodhi.

Scenarios Zvekushandisa

Mining Indasitiri

• Ndarama uye Yakakosha Metal Extraction: Sodium cyanide inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukucherwa kwegoridhe nemamwe masimbi anokosha. Iyi nzira, inozivikanwa se cyanide leaching kana goridhe cyanidation, inotora mukana weiyo yakakwirira hukama hwegoridhe (I) kune cyanide. Pamberi pemhepo (okisijeni) uye mvura, simbi yegoridhe oxidize uye inonyungudika, ichigadzira goridhe cyanide (kana goridhe sodium cyanide) uye sodium hydroxide. Iyo kemikari yekuita inogona kumiririrwa se: 4Au + 8NaCN + O₂+ 2H₂O → 4Na[Au(CN)₂]+ 4NaOH. Yakaderera-giredhi ores inogona kugadziriswa uchishandisa iyi nzira, ichiita iyo inodhura - inoshanda nzira yekubvisa goridhe. Iyo yakasimba fomu yesodium cyanide, kunyanya iyo 98% pure briquettes, inowanzoshandiswa mukuchera migodhi mikuru nekuda kwekureruka kwekubata uye kuwanda kweiyo inoshanda.

Chemical Indasitiri

• Synthesis yeNitriles: Sodium cyanide inoshanda seyakakosha kutanga zvinhu zve synthesis ye nitriles. Iyo cyanide ion (CN⁻) iri musodium cyanide inoita senyucleophile, ichipa erekitironi pair kuti iite kemikari bond. Nitriles zvinhu zvakakosha mumhando dzakasiyana dzemakemikari nemishonga. Semuyenzaniso, acrylonitrile, iyo inoshandiswa mukugadzira mafibers ekugadzira senge acrylic uye mukugadzira mapurasitiki, inogona kugadzirwa uchishandisa sodium cyanide sekiyi yepakati.

• Kugadzirwa kweHydrocyanic Acid uye Mamwe maCyanides: Inoshandiswa kugadzira hydrocyanic acid (HCN), inova inotangira mamwe akawanda emakemikari emakemikari. Uyezve, sodium cyanide inoshandiswa kugadzira zvakasiyana-siyana inorganic cyanides zvakadai se potassium cyanide (KCN), cyanuric chloride, uye cyanogen chloride. Izvi Cyanides tsvaga maapplication mumaindasitiri akasiyana, kubva ku electroplating kuenda kumakemikari synthesis.

Metal Kugadziriswa

• Metal Cleaning: Sodium cyanide inoshandiswa sesimbi yekuchenesa. Inogona kunyatsobvisa maokisi epamusoro uye tsvina kubva kune simbi, inovandudza kunaka kwesimbi. Izvi zvakakosha mumatanho ekuti nzvimbo yakachena yesimbi inodiwa pakurapa kunotevera sekupenda, kupeta, kana kusona. Kugona kwesodium cyanide kuita nesimbi okisidhi uye kunyungudika kunoita kuti ive chinhu chinobatsira mukugadzirwa kwesimbi.

• electroplating: Mu electroplating, sodium cyanide inoshandiswa kugadzira electroplating mhinduro. Inobatsira mukuiswa kwesimbi yakatetepa pane substrate, kuvandudza chitarisiko, corrosion resistance, uye kupfeka kuramba kwechinhu. Semuyenzaniso, mukugadzira sirivheri, sodium cyanide inoshandiswa mukugezera yekugezera kufambisa kuiswa kweyunifomu yemaoni esirivheri pachinhu chiri kuputirwa. Kuchena kwesodium cyanide, kunyanya iyo 99% giredhi, yakakosha mu electroplating kuve nechokwadi chepamusoro-mhando uye inopindirana simbi coating.

Chemishonga Indasitiri

• Pakati peDrug Synthesis: Sodium cyanide inogona kushandiswa sepakati mukugadzirwa kwemamwe madhiragi. Semuenzaniso, mukugadzirwa kwemamwe ma analgesics (painkillers) uye anti-epileptic drugs, sodium cyanide inobatanidzwa mukuchinja kwemakemikari kunoumba matombo makuru ekuvaka emishonga iyi. Nekudaro, nekuda kwehupfu hwayo hwakanyanyisa, mapuroteni akasimba ekuchengetedza anoteverwa panguva yekushandiswa kwayo mukugadzira mishonga.

Zvimwe Zvikumbiro

• Mukugadzirwa kwedhayi: Sodium cyanide inoshandiswa mukugadzira dhayi. Inotora chikamu mukuita kwemakemikari inobatsira mukugadzira machromophores (chikamu chemorekuru chinopa ruvara) mudhayi. Mhando dzakasiyana dzedhayi, senge dzinoshandiswa muindasitiri yemachira, dzinogona kuda sodium cyanide mukuita kwavo kusanganisa.

• Se rodenticide (kunyangwe isingawanzo zivikanwa): Nhoroondo, sodium cyanide yakashandiswa se rodenticide. Nekudaro, nekuda kwehupfu hwayo hwakanyanyisa kune zvisingatarisirwe zvipenyu uye vanhu, uye mukana wekusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, kushandiswa kwayo serodenticide kwakadzikira zvakanyanya.

Kufunga Zvekuchengetedza

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti sodium cyanide ine chepfu zvakanyanya. Inogona kuuraya kana ikafemerwa, ikanyudzwa nemuganda, kana kumedzwa. Kunyange shoma shoma, isingasviki 5 mg/kg uremu hwemuviri wemunhu 70 - kg, inogona kuuraya. Kana yasangana nemhepo yakanyorova kana mvura, inoburitsa gasi rinoparadza, rinopisa, uye rine muchetura rehydrogen cyanide. Naizvozvo, matanho akasimba ekuchengetedza anofanirwa kuteedzerwa pakubata, kuchengetedza, uye kutakura sodium cyanide. Vashandi vari mumaindasitiri anoshandisa sodium cyanide vanofanira kupihwa midziyo yekuzvidzivirira nayo yakakodzera, uye masisitimu ekufambisa mhepo anofanirwa kuve aripo kudzivirira kuvakwa - kwegasi rine muchetura.

mhedziso

Sodium cyanide, kunyangwe ine huturu hwakanyanya, inoita basa rakakosha mumaindasitiri akati wandei nekuda kweiyo yakasarudzika makemikari zvimiro. Iwo akajairwa zvirevo zve98% uye 99% kuchena mune akasimba uye emvura mafomu anoenderana neakasiyana maindasitiri zvinodiwa. Kubva pakuchera simbi dzakakosha kusvika pakugadzira makemikari nemishonga, mashandisirwo ayo akasiyana. Nekudaro, njodzi dzakabatana dzinoda kuitwa kwekuchengetedza kwakasimba uye matanho ekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza kuti ive nechokwadi chekugara kwevashandi uye nharaunda.