Zvakajairwa Mamiriro uye Mashandisirwo eMamiriro eSodium Cyanide

ziviso

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) ikemikari inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri, kunyangwe ine chepfu yakanyanya. Isimbi chena, ine kristalo yakasimba inonyungudika zvakanyanya mumvura. Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora mashandisirwo akajairika e sodium cyanide uye mashandisirwo ayo akasiyana-siyana mumaindasitiri akasiyana.

Zvakajairwa Magadzirirwo

Purity Levels

• 98% Purity : Iri igiredhi rinowanikwa pamusika. Kune solid Sodium Cyanide , padanho iri rekuchena, chinhu chikuru, Sodium cyanide (NaCN), chinofanira kunge chiripo pa98.0%. Pamwe chete neizvi, zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita seNaOH zvinofanira kunge zviri ≤0.3%, Na₂CO₃ ≤0.2%, hunyoro ≤0.2%, uye zvinhu zvisinganyunguduke mumvura ≤0.01%. Iri giredhi rakakodzera kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana mumaindasitiri uko kuchena kwakanyanya kunodiwa asi kwete kunyatsojeka. Semuenzaniso, mune mamwe maitiro ekuchenesa simbi, iyi 98% pure sodium cyanide inogona kubvisa zvinobudirira maokisijeni epamusoro uye tsvina.

• 99% Purity : Inomiririra giredhi repamusoro, sodium cyanide yakasimba ine 99% purity ine zvinodiwa zvakasimba. Hunhu hweNaCN hunofanira kunge huri ≥99.0%, hunyoro ≤0.5%, zvinhu zvisinganyunguduke mumvura ≤0.01%, cyanide ≤0.01%, chloride ≤0.20%, uye sulfate ≤0.07%. Iyi giredhi repamusoro purity inowanzoshandiswa mumashandisirwo apo kuvapo kwetsvina kunogona kukanganisa maitiro emakemikari. Mukugadzirwa kwemamwe mhinduro dzemagetsi dzemhando yepamusoro, 99% pure sodium cyanide inobatsira mukuwana simbi yakafanana uye yepamusoro-soro.

Mafomu Emuviri

• Yakasimba : Sodium cyanide inowanikwa muchimiro chakasimba, chinogona kunge chiri muchimiro chemabhuroko, zvidimbu zvekristalline, kana upfu. Mafomu akaoma anonyanya kufarirwa kuti achengetwe uye atakurwe zviri nyore munzvimbo refu. Chimiro chakasimba hachiwanzobuda mvura panguva yekufambisa zvichienzaniswa nechimiro chemvura. Inowanzo putirwa mumabhegi akavharwa kaviri mukati mebhokisi rematanda, kazhinji inorema tani imwe chete. Sodium cyanide yakasimba inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yemigodhi yekuchera goridhe. Mabriquette, anenge 98% akachena uye anoita seakachena, akafanana nemabriquette emarasha uye anobatsira kubata mumabasa makuru ekuchera.

• Mvura : Mvura inonzi sodium cyanide, kunyange zvazvo isingawanzoitiki nekuda kwematambudziko ekufambisa nekuchengetedza, inowanikwawo. Kuwanda kwakajairika kwemvura inonzi sodium cyanide inoshandiswa mune zvimwe zvinoshandiswa i30%. Muchimiro ichi, huwandu hweNaCN hunofanira kuva ≥30.0%, neNaOH ≤1.0%, Na₂CO₃ ≤1.0%, NaCl ≤0.027%, uye NaCOOH ≤0.60%, uye APHA (chiyero cheruvara) kukosha ≤100. Mvura inonzi sodium cyanide inoshandiswa mune mamwe maitiro emaindasitiri apo mhando yemakemikari yakafanana uye iri nyore kupararira inodiwa, senge mune mamwe matekiniki ekuchera migodhi.

Scenarios Zvekushandisa

Mining Indasitiri

• Kubvisa Goridhe neSimbi Inokosha : Sodium cyanide inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukuchera goridhe nedzimwe simbi dzinokosha. Maitiro aya, anozivikanwa se cyanide leaching kana gold cyanidation, anoshandisa mukana wekubatana kwakanyanya kwegoridhe (I) kune cyanide. Kana paine mhepo (oxygen) nemvura, simbi yegoridhe inonyungudika uye inonyungudika, zvichiita gold cyanide (kana gold sodium cyanide) uye sodium hydroxide. Maitiro emakemikari anogona kumiririrwa se: 4Au + 8NaCN + O₂+ 2H₂O → 4Na[Au(CN)₂]+ 4NaOH. Matombo emhando yakaderera anogona kugadziriswa uchishandisa nzira iyi, zvichiita kuti ive nzira inodhura yekubvisa goridhe. Mhando yakasimba yesodium cyanide, kunyanya 98% pure briquettes, inowanzo shandiswa mumabasa makuru ekuchera nekuda kwekureruka kwayo kubata uye kuwanda kwakanyanya kwechinhu chinoshanda.

Chemical Indasitiri

• Kugadzirwa kweNitriles : Sodium cyanide inoshanda sechinhu chakakosha chekutanga kugadzirwa kwenitriles. Iyo cyanide ion (CN⁻) iri musodium cyanide inoshanda senucleophile, ichipa electron pair kuti igadzire chisungo chemakemikari. Nitriles zvinhu zvakakosha mumakemikari akasiyana-siyana uye mishonga. Semuenzaniso, acrylonitrile, iyo inoshandiswa mukugadzira mafiber ekugadzira senge acrylic uye mukugadzira mapurasitiki, inogona kugadzirwa uchishandisa sodium cyanide senzira yakakosha.

• Kugadzirwa kweHydrocyanic Acid nedzimwe Cyanides : Inoshandiswa kugadzira hydrocyanic acid (HCN), inova ndiyo nzira yekuwedzera mamwe makemikari akawanda. Pamusoro pezvo, sodium cyanide inoshandiswa kugadzira macyanides akasiyana-siyana asina kugadzirwa akadai sepotassium cyanide (KCN), cyanuric chloride, uye cyanogen chloride. Aya maCyanides anoshandiswa mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana, kubva pakugadzira electroplating kusvika pakugadzira makemikari.

Metal Kugadziriswa

• Kuchenesa Simbi : Sodium cyanide inoshandiswa semushonga wekuchenesa simbi. Inogona kubvisa maoxide epamusoro netsvina kubva musimbi zvinobudirira, zvichivandudza kunaka kwesimbi. Izvi zvakakosha mumabasa apo pamusoro pesimbi panodiwa kurapa kwakafanana nekupenda, kuputira, kana kusundira. Kugona kwesodium cyanide kuita nemetal oxides nekuinyungudutsa kunoita kuti ive chinhu chinobatsira pakugadzirira pamusoro pesimbi.

• Kuisa Electroplating : Mukuisa electroplating, sodium cyanide inoshandiswa kugadzira mhinduro dze electroplating. Inobatsira mukuisa simbi yakatetepa pamusoro pe substrate, zvichivandudza chitarisiko, kuramba ngura, uye kuramba kupfeka kwechinhu chacho. Semuenzaniso, mukuisa sirivha, sodium cyanide inoshandiswa mukuisa plating bath kuti zvive nyore kuisa maion esirivha pachinhu chiri kuiswa purasitiki zvakafanana. Kuchena kwe sodium cyanide, kunyanya 99% grade, kwakakosha mukuisa electroplating kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti simbi inopfekwa zvakanaka uye inoenderana.

Chemishonga Indasitiri

• Pakati Nepakati Mukugadzirwa Kwemishonga : Sodium cyanide inogona kushandiswa sechikamu chepakati mukugadzirwa kwemishonga yakati. Semuenzaniso, mukugadzirwa kwemishonga inonyaradza marwadzo (inoderedza marwadzo) uye inorwisa epileptic, sodium cyanide inobatanidzwa mumakemikari anoita kuti mishonga iyi ive chinhu chikuru chinovaka mishonga iyi. Zvisinei, nekuda kwechepfu yayo yakanyanya, mitemo yakasimba yekuchengetedza inoteverwa pakushandiswa kwayo mukugadzira mishonga.

Zvimwe Zvikumbiro

• Mukugadzirwa kwemadhayi : Sodium cyanide inoshandiswa mukugadzira madhayi. Inobatanidzwa mukuita kwemakemikari anobatsira mukugadzira ma chromophores (chikamu chemorekuru chinopa ruvara) mumadhayi. Mhando dzakasiyana dzemadhayi, dzakadai sedzinoshandiswa muindasitiri yemachira, dzinogona kuda sodium cyanide mukugadzirwa kwawo.

• Semushonga wezvipembenene (kunyangwe usingawanzoitiki) : Kare, sodium cyanide yaishandiswa semushonga wezvipembenene. Zvisinei, nekuda kwekutyisa kwayo zvakanyanya kune zvisikwa zvisiri zvehondo nevanhu, uye mukana wekusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza, kushandiswa kwayo semushonga wezvipembenene kwakaderera zvakanyanya.

Kufunga Zvekuchengetedza

Izvo zvakakosha kuti uzive kuti sodium cyanide ine chepfu zvakanyanya. Inogona kuuraya kana ikafemerwa, ikanyudzwa nemuganda, kana kumedzwa. Kunyange shoma shoma, isingasviki 5 mg/kg uremu hwemuviri wemunhu 70 - kg, inogona kuuraya. Kana yasangana nemhepo yakanyorova kana mvura, inoburitsa gasi rinoparadza, rinopisa, uye rine muchetura rehydrogen cyanide. Naizvozvo, matanho akasimba ekuchengetedza anofanirwa kuteedzerwa pakubata, kuchengetedza, uye kutakura sodium cyanide. Vashandi vari mumaindasitiri anoshandisa sodium cyanide vanofanira kupihwa midziyo yekuzvidzivirira nayo yakakodzera, uye masisitimu ekufambisa mhepo anofanirwa kuve aripo kudzivirira kuvakwa - kwegasi rine muchetura.

mhedziso

Sodium cyanide, kunyangwe ine huturu hwakanyanya, inoita basa rakakosha mumaindasitiri akati wandei nekuda kweiyo yakasarudzika makemikari zvimiro. Iwo akajairwa zvirevo zve98% uye 99% kuchena mune akasimba uye emvura mafomu anoenderana neakasiyana maindasitiri zvinodiwa. Kubva pakuchera simbi dzakakosha kusvika pakugadzira makemikari nemishonga, mashandisirwo ayo akasiyana. Nekudaro, njodzi dzakabatana dzinoda kuitwa kwekuchengetedza kwakasimba uye matanho ekuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza kuti ive nechokwadi chekugara kwevashandi uye nharaunda.