Kutenderera Kushandiswa kweCyanide Wastewater muGold Smelting

Mu Kunyunguduka kwegoridhe indasitiri, cyanidation inzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya yekuchera goridhe kubva mumatombo. Zvisinei, nzira iyi inogadzira mari yakawanda ye cyanide - ine tsvina yemvura, iyo inokonzera njodzi dzakakomba dzezvakatipoteredza uye hutano kana dzisina kutarisirwa zvakanaka. The recycling of Cyanide wastewater hachisi chinhu chakakosha chezvakatipoteredza chete asiwo idanho rekufambiswa kwebudiriro yeindasitiri yegoridhe. Iyi blog post inoongorora kukosha, nzira, uye matambudziko ekudzoreredza tsvina yecyanide mukunyungudutsa goridhe.

Kukosha Kwekudzokorodzazve Cyanide Wastewater

Cyanide chinhu chine chepfu zvakanyanya. Kunyangwe pakudzika kwakadzika, zvinogona kuuraya zvipenyu zvemumvura uye zvinokuvadza zvakanyanya kuhutano hwevanhu. Kuyerera kwakananga kwecyanide - ine tsvina kubva mumiti inonyungudutsa goridhe inogona kusvibisa zvitubu zvemvura, ivhu, nemhepo, zvichitungamira kukuvadzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kukuvadza kunharaunda dziri pedyo. Nekudzokorodza cyanide tsvina yemvura, indasitiri yegoridhe inogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kutsika kwayo kwezvakatipoteredza. Kudzokorodza kunobatsira kudzikisira kuburitswa kwechepfu cyanide munzvimbo, kuchengetedza miviri yemvura, mhuka dzesango, uye huwandu hwevanhu. Zvakare, inowirirana nemirairo yezvemhoteredzo yepasirese uye kukura kuri kudiwa neveruzhinji kwemaitiro akasimba emaindasitiri.

Kubva pamaonero ehupfumi, kudzokorodza tsvina yecyanide kunogona kuunza mabhenefiti akawanda. Zvicherwa zvegoridhe zvinowanzova nedzimwe simbi dzinokosha dzakadai semhangura, zingi, nesimbi. Masimbi aya anonyungudika mumushonga wecyanide panguva yekubvisa uye anogona kudzoreredzwa panguva yekudzoreredza mvura yetsvina. Semuyenzaniso, ongororo dzakaratidza kuti kuburikidza nenzira dzinoshanda dzekudzokorodza, simbi dzakakosha dzinogona kutorwa kubva mumvura yetsvina, zvichiwedzera pundutso yese yemugodhi wegoridhe. Pamusoro pezvo, kudzokorodza kunogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwemvura yakachena uye makemikari mukugadzira goridhe. Panzvimbo pekushandisa yakawanda yemvura mitsva nemakemikari, mvura yakasvibiswa inogona kushandiswa zvakare, zvichiita kuti mari ichengetwe munguva refu.

Kurapa Kuripo uye Nzira Dzokudzokorodza

Kemikari Oxidation Nzira

1. Alkaline Chlorination: Iyi ndeimwe yenzira dzinonyanya kushandiswa pasi rose. Mumvura yakasviba yealkaline cyanide, ma chlorine oxidants ane mamiriro e oxidation ane chaji yakawanda anowedzerwa. Ma oxidants akajairika anosanganisira ClO₂, Cl₂ (gasi nemvura), bleach powder, sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, uye chlorite. Mu alkaline solutions, OCl⁻ kana chloride ine chaji yakawanda inowanzogadzirwa. Cyanide inotanga ya oxidized kuita cyanate uye yozowedzerwa ya oxidized kuti kabhoni dioxide nenitrogen. Zvisinei, dambudziko guru renzira iyi nderekuti cyanogen chloride inogadzirwa panguva yekushandiswa kwayo ine chepfu, izvo zvinokuvadza kune vanoshanda. Cyanogen chloride inogadzirawo utsi hunoparadza kana ikasangana nemvura, zvichikuvadza michina zvakanyanya.

2. Inco Method: Yakagadzirwa neInco Ltd. mu 1982. iyi nzira inosanganisira kuwedzera musanganiswa weSO₂ uye mhepo mumvura yakasvibiswa yecyanide paunenge uchidzora pH kukosha pakati pe8 - 10. Iyo cyanide mumvura yakasvibiswa inonzi oxidized pasi pe catalysis ye bivalent copper ions. Maitiro ekurapa anowanzo nani pane chlorine oxidation process (pasina kufunga nezvehupfu hwethiocyanate). Kunobva reagents kwakakura, uye mari yakaderera pane alkaline chlorination process. Zvisinei, nzira yeInco ine dambudziko rekuita oxidizing SCN⁻, uye SCN⁻ inogona kuparadzanisa CN⁻ gare gare, saka haina kukodzera kurapa tsvina yecyanide nehuwandu hweSCN⁻.

3. H₂O₂ Oxidation: H₂O₂ oxidize cyanide kugadzira CNO⁻ pasi pemamiriro epH 9.5 - 11. tembiricha yakajairika, uye necopper (Cu²⁺) ions sechinhu chinokonzeresa. CNO⁻ ichawedzerwa hydrolyzed kugadzira NH₄⁺ uye CO₃²⁻, uye mwero wehydrolysis unoenderana nepH. Iyi nzira ine maitiro akanaka ekurapa pane cyanide wastewater uye iri nyore maitiro. Inokodzera kurapa yakaderera-yakadzika cyanide tsvina, ine cyanide concentration mushure mekurapwa iri pasi pe0.5 mg/L.

4. Ozone Oxidation: Ozone ine simba rakanyanya kusimba oxidation, ine electrode inogona kuita 2.07 mV, yechipiri chete kune fluorine. Inogona kuora zviri nyore zvikamu izvo mamwe maoxidants asingakwanisi. Mune ozone oxidation process, ozone inopindirana ne cyanide kuti ibudise cyanate, iyo inobva yaita hydrolyzes kuburitsa nitrogen uye carbonate. Imwe mukana weiyi nzira ndeyekuti inongoda ozone - kugadzira michina uye haidi kutenga nekutakura makemikari.

Dzimwe Nzira Dzokudzokorodza

1. Acidification Method: Iyi nzira inogona kugadzirisa yakawanda yepamusoro-concentration cyanide solutions (60 * 10⁻⁶ + NaCN) yakasunungurwa kubva kumafekitari. Iko kusungirirwa kwemahara cyanide ions mune yakagadziriswa mhinduro inogona kuderedzwa kusvika 1 * 10⁻⁶. Inogona kudzoreredza cyanide kusvika pamwero mukuru, ichigonesa kudzokorodza zviwanikwa uye kuunza zvakakosha hupfumi. Nekudaro, inoda yakakwira-yepamusoro midziyo yekuisa chisimbiso, ine yakakura mari yekumberi, inoda yakakwirira-yepamusoro hunyanzvi hwekushanda, uye ine yakaoma kugadzirisa michina. Kune zvakare dzimwe njodzi dzekuchengetedza, uye mvura yetsvina ichiri kuda kumwe kurapwa kuti isangane nemiyero yekuburitsa.

2. Solvent Kubvisa: Kubvisa solvent yave nzira inoshanda yekuparadzanisa nekupfumisa maion esimbi. Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kurapa simbi cyanide yakaoma ions mune alkaline cyanide mhinduro. Semuenzaniso, iyo synergistic extraction system ye trioctylmethyl ammonium chloride (N263) - tributyl phosphate (TBP) - n - octanol - sulfonated parafini inogona kushandiswa kupfumisa uye kudzoreredza simbi dzakakosha kubva kune cyanide goridhe kudhirowa mvura yetsvina. Pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo, mapeji epamusoro ekutorwa kwesimbi akadai seCu, Zn, uye Fe anogona kuwanikwa.

3. Yechipiri - Nhanho yekunaya kwemvura: Iyi imhando yepamusoro - inoshanda yakavharwa - dunhu rakazara - nzira yekutenderera yakagadziridzwa kune zvidiki uye zvepakati - saizi yegoridhe cyanidation zvidyarwa zvine yakakwira - concentration SCN⁻ mvura yetsvina, kuwana "zero kuburitswa" kwetsvina. Nzira yacho inonyanya kusanganisira kuwedzera chinokonzeresa uye okisijeni yakakwana kune tsvina yecyanide uye kubvisa cyanide kuburikidza nekuita pane goridhe - yakarodha kabhoni. Inogona kubvisa heavy metal ions mumhinduro uye kuona tsvina yemvura zvakare.

Nyaya Dzidzo Yekubudirira Kudzokorodza

1. [Zita rekambani 1]: Iyi kambani inonyungudutsa goridhe yakaisa yakazara cyanide wastewater recycling system. Vakatanga kushandisa musanganiswa wemakemikari oxidation uye nzira dzekunaya kwemvura kurapa mvura yetsvina. Nekugadzirisa maitiro ekurapa, vakakwanisa kuderedza cyanide concentration mumvura yetsvina kusvika pamwero wakasangana nemaitiro ekudzokorora. Mvura yetsvina yakadzokororwa yakazoshandiswa zvakare mukuita goridhe cyanidation. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kambani haina kungoderedza zvakanyanya kukanganisa kwayo kwezvakatipoteredza asi yakawanawo kuchengetedza mutengo we [X]% mumvura nekushandiswa kwemakemikari.

2. [Zita rekambani 2]: Bhizinesi iri rakatora imwe nzira itsva. Vakagadzira rudzi rutsva rwe membrane - yakavakirwa kupatsanura tekinoroji ye cyanide wastewater treatment. Iyo tekinoroji inogona kunyatso kupatsanura cyanide uye kumwe kusvibiswa kubva mumvura ine tsvina. Mvura yakacheneswa yaibva yashandiswazve, uye cyanide yakawanwa nemarata anokosha zvakashandiswazve kana kutengeswa. Iyi nzira haina kungovandudza kushanda kwezvakatipoteredza kwekambani asiwo yakawedzera mari yayo kuburikidza nekutengeswa kwezvinhu zvakadzorerwa.

Matambudziko uye Mhinduro muCyanide Wastewater Recycling

Matambudziko Ounyanzvi

1. Yakaoma Kuumbwa kweWastewater: Cyanide tsvina yemvura kubva mukunyungudutswa kwegoridhe haina cyanide chete asiwo maion akasiyana esimbi, makomisheni akaomarara, uye tsvina. Uku kuumbwa kwakaoma kunoita kuti zviome kugadzira imwe - saizi - inokwana - yese yekurapa uye nzira yekudzokorodza. Nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemvura yetsvina dzinogona kuda maitiro ekurapa akagadziridzwa. Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, tsvakiridzo inoenderera uye budiriro inodiwa kuvandudza kuchinjika kwehunyanzvi hwekurapa. Zvishandiso zvitsva uye zvinokonzeresa zvinogona kugadzirwa kuti zviwedzere kusarudzwa uye kushanda zvakanaka kwemaitiro ekurapa kwezvikamu zvakasiyana mumvura yetsvina.

2. Yakakwira - Mutengo Wekurapa Technologies: Imwe yepamusoro cyanide yekuchenesa mvura yemarara uye tekinoroji yekudzokorodza, senge imwe membrane - yakavakirwa nzira dzekuparadzanisa uye yakakwirira -chaiyo makemikari oxidation maitiro, inoda mari yakakosha mari yekutenga, kuisa, uye kugadzirisa. Mutengo wepamusoro uyu unogona kuva chidziviso kune akawanda madiki uye epakati-saizi yekunyungudutsa goridhe mabhizinesi. Kuti kuderedze mutengo, indasitiri - kubatana kwakakura kunogona kusimudzirwa. Makambani anogona kugovera mari yekutsvagisa uye yekuvandudza matekinoroji matsva, uye hupfumi hwehukuru hunogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekutenga pamwe chete kwemidziyo uye zvigadzirwa. Pamusoro pezvo, hurumende dzinogona kupa mari yekukurudzira senge rubatsiro uye kuzorora mutero kukurudzira mabhizinesi kutora matekinoroji epamusoro ekurapa.

Regulatory uye Policy - Related Matambudziko

1. Mitemo Yakasimba Yezvakatipoteredza: Sezvo ruzivo rwezvakatipoteredza ruchikura, hurumende pasi rose dziri kuita mirau yakawedzera kuomesera yezvakatipoteredza kuindasitiri yekunyungudutsa goridhe. Kutevedzera mirau iyi kunoda zvidyarwa zvinonyungudutsa goridhe kuti zviise mari yakawanda mukuchenesa mvura yetsvina nekudzokorodza. Nekudaro, mimwe mirau inogona kusachinjika zvakakwana kuverengera mamiriro akasiyana emabhizinesi akasiyana. Hurumende nemasangano anoona nezvemitemo vanofanirwa kupinda mune dzakadzama kubvunzana neindasitiri yekunyungudutsa goridhe. Ivo vanogona kugadzira mamwe anonangwa uye anochinjika emitemo marongero anotarisisa iwo chaiwo ekugadzira mamiriro uye tekinoroji kugona kwemabhizinesi akasiyana vachiri kuona kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza.

2. Kushaikwa Kwemitemo Yakabatana: Parizvino, pane kushomeka kwemaitiro akabatana epasi rose ekuchenesa mvura yecyanide uye kudzokorodza muindasitiri yekunyungudutsa goridhe. Nyika dzakasiyana nematunhu anogona kuve nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana uye maitiro ekuongorora, izvo zvinogona kukonzera nyonganiso kumakambani emarudzi akawanda anonyungudutsa goridhe uye kukanganisa kutorwa kwakapararira kweakanakisa - maitiro matekinoroji. Nharaunda dzepasi rose, kusanganisira masangano epasi rose uye masangano emaindasitiri, anofanirwa kushanda pamwechete kuti agadzirise zviyero zvepasirese zvakabatana. Aya mazinga anogona kusimudzira kumira uye kuenzaniswa kwecyanide tsvina yekurapa uye tekinoroji yekudzokorodza pasi rose, kufambisa ruzivo uye kufambiswa kwehunyanzvi.

Mukupedzisa, kudzokororwa kweiyo cyanide tsvina mukunyungudutswa kwegoridhe kwakakosha pakuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kusimukira kwakasimba kweindasitiri. Kunyangwe paine zvinonetsa, kuenderera mberi kwehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza tekinoroji, kuvandudzwa kwemitemo, uye indasitiri - kubatana kwakakura kunogona kukunda zvipingamupinyi izvi. Nekushandisa anobudirira cyanide tsvina yemvura nzira, iyo indasitiri yekunyungudutsa goridhe inogona kuenda kune remangwana rakagadzikana.