Kugadzirisa Kubudirira kweSodium Cyanide muVat Leaching

ziviso

Kubvisa simbi mu VAT inzira yakakosha muindasitiri yemigodhi, kunyanya pakutsvaga simbi dzinokosha dzakadai segoridhe kubva mumatombo emhando yepasi. Sodium cyanide inoita basa guru mukuita uku sezvo ichiumba goridhe, zvichiita kuti inyungudike uye idzoke zvakare. Zvisinei, kushanda zvakanaka kwe sodium cyanide mukubvisa simbi mu VAT kunogona kukanganiswa nezvinhu zvakawanda. Kugadzirisa zvinhu izvi kwakakosha kwete chete kuwedzera mwero wekudzoserwa kwesimbi asiwo kuderedza mitengo uye kuderedza migumisiro yezvakatipoteredza inokonzerwa nekushandiswa kwemakemikari aya ane chepfu.

Basa reSodium Cyanide muVat Leaching

Mukubvisa simbi mugomba, Sodium Cyanide inosangana negoridhe kana paine okisijeni nemvura. Maion ecyanide ari muSodium cyanide anosanganiswa nemaatomu egoridhe, zvichishandura goridhe kuita soluble complex compound. Iyi soluble form yegoridhe inogona kuparadzaniswa kubva ku ore matrix uye kugadziriswazve kuti iwane goridhe rakachena.

Zvinhu Zvinokanganisa Kuita Kwesodium Cyanide muVat Leaching

Ore Hunhu

1. Saizi yezvikamu : Saizi yezvikamu zveore inokanganisa zvakanyanya kushanda zvakanaka kwekubvisa goridhe. Zvikamu zvidiki zvinopa nzvimbo yakakura yekubatana pakati pesodium cyanide nezvicherwa zvine goridhe. Semuenzaniso, kana dombo risina kupwanywa zvakanaka, mushonga wecyanide ungasakwanisa kupinda zvakanaka, zvichisiya huwandu hwakawanda hwegoridhe husina kugadziriswa. Tsvagiridzo yakaratidza kuti kuderedza saizi yezvikamu zvezvikamu zvine goridhe kubva pachikamu chakakora kuenda pane chakakora kunogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya mwero wekunyungudika kwegoridhe. Zvikamu zvakakora zvinobvumira kunyungudika nekukurumidza uye kwakakwana zvichienzaniswa nezvimedu zvakakora.

2. Mineralogy : Kuvapo kwemamwe mamineral kunogona kuwedzera kana kumisa maitiro ekubviswa kwegoridhe. Mamineral akadai sepyrite nearsenopyrite anogona kushandisa oxygen necyanide, zvichideredza kuwanikwa kwezvinoshandiswa pakuita gold-cyanide. Kune rumwe rutivi, mamwe mamineral egangue anogona kuva nemhedzisiro ye catalytic, zvichikurudzira kunyungudika kwegoridhe. Pamusoro pezvo, kuwanikwa kwegoridhe mukati meore, kungave kuri kugayiwa (kusunungurwa zviri nyore) kana kuvharwa mukati memamwe mamineral, kunokanganisa kuwanikwa kwegoridhe kune cyanide solution. Semuenzaniso, goridhe rakaiswa mumamineral esulfide rinogona kuda kurapwa kwekutanga, senge kugochwa kana bio-oxidation, kuti goridhe riburitswe pachena uye rivandudze mashandiro ekubvisa goridhe.

Process Conditions

1. Kuwanda kweCyanide : Kuchengetedza huwandu hwakakodzera hwecyanide kwakakosha. Kuwanda kwakaderera kunogona kusapa maion ecyanide akakwana kuti ashande negoridhe rese riripo, zvichikonzera kubviswa kwegoridhe kusina kukwana. Kusiyana neizvi, kuwanda kwakawandisa kunogona kutungamira mukuumbwa kwezvinhu zvisingadiwe, zvakaita sesimbi-cyanide complexes nedzimwe simbi dzisiri dzinokosha muore, uye zvinowedzerawo mutengo uye njodzi yezvakatipoteredza. Kuwanda kwecyanide kwakakodzera kunowanzosiyana zvichienderana nerudzi rweore uye kuvapo kwezvicherwa zvinokanganisa. Kazhinji, kune goridhe remazuva ese, huwandu hwakasiyana hwecyanide hunoshandiswa pamatanho akasiyana-siyana ekubviswa kwegoridhe kuti kuenzane nekushanda zvakanaka uye mutengo.

2. Kudzora pH : pH yemushonga wekudonhedza ine simba guru pakugadzikana kwecyanide uye leaching reaction. Cyanide haina kugadzikana mumamiriro ezvinhu ane acidic uye inogona kuora kuti igadzire gasi rehydrogen cyanide rine chepfu. Kudzivirira izvi, pH yemushonga wekudonhedza inowanzo chengetwa iri pakati pe10 - 11 uchishandisa lime kana mamwe ma alkaline reagents. Pamhando iyi yepH, cyanide inoramba iri muchimiro chayo cheionic, zvichiita kuti kuumbwa kwegold-cyanide complex kuve nyore. Pamusoro pezvo, alkaline environment inogonawo kubatsira mukunyungudutsa mamwe mamineral anogona kukanganisa maitiro ekudonhedza.

3. Tembiricha : Mwero wekuita kwecyanidation unoenderana netembiricha. Tembiricha dzakakwira dzinowanzo wedzera mwero wekuita, asi mukuita, kuchengetedza tembiricha dzakakwirira zvakanyanya kunogona kudhura uye kunogonawo kukonzera kuora kwecyanide. Munzvimbo dzinotonhora, tembiricha yekunyungudika inogona kuva chinhu chinodzikisira. Pasi pe10 °C, mwero wekunyungudika kwegoridhe unoderera zvakanyanya. Mimwe migodhi muCanada yakashandisa kupisa kwemarara kupisa mvura inonyungudika, izvo hazvingobatsiri chete kuputsa muganho wetembiricha asiwo kuwedzera mwaka wekunyungudika.

4. Kuwanikwa kweOkisijeni : Okisijeni chinhu chakakosha mukuita kwecyanidation sezvo ichioxidize goridhe kuti igadzire soluble gold-cyanide complex. Kuwanikwa kweokisijeni yakakwana kunogona kuwedzera leaching rate. Kuisa michina inobatsira kupinda kweokisijeni, senge ma injection systems emhepo, panguva yekuvaka vhati kunogona kuvandudza kupenya kwemusanganiswa weore-cyanide solution uye kuwedzera leaching speed. Tsvagiridzo yakaitwa neHazen Institute muUnited States yakaratidza kuti kuwedzera oxygen mudura reore (rinogona kushandiswa mu conceptually to leaching vat) hakungogumisi chete leaching cycle asiwo kuwedzera gold leaching rate.

Leaching Time

Nguva yekubviswa kwesimbi ichinhu chakakosha. Nguva yakakwana inodiwa kuti cyanide ishande pamwe chete negoridhe rese riripo. Zvisinei, nguva yakareba yekubviswa kwesimbi inogona kunge isina mari yakawanda uye inogonawo kutungamira pakuumbwa kwezvimwe zvigadzirwa. Nguva yakakwana yekubviswa kwesimbi inoenderana nezvinhu zvakaita sehukuru hwesimbi, kuwanda kwesimbi, uye tembiricha. Semuenzaniso, mune dzimwe nguva apo simbi iri yakanaka uye mamiriro ekushanda akagadziriswa zvakanaka, nguva yekubviswa kwesimbi inogona kuderedzwa zvakanyanya kana tichienzanisa nesimbi dzakakora kana mamiriro ekunze akanaka.

Optimization Strategies

Ore Pretreatment

1. Kupwanya neKukuya : Kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti zvidimbu zvakakosha, matombo anofanira kupwanywa nekungwarira uye kukuyiwa. Kushandisa michina yepamusoro yekupwanya nekukuya kunogona kubatsira kuwana kupararira kwakafanana kwezvidimbu, zvichiwedzera nzvimbo inowanikwa ye cyanide-gold reaction.

2. Kurapa Maore Anodzivirira Mvura : Kune maore anodzivirira mvura ane goridhe rakaputirwa musulfide kana zvimwe zvicherwa, nzira dzekurapa dzakadai sekugocha, bio-oxidation, kana pressure oxidation dzinogona kushandiswa. Kugocha kunogona kupwanya mamineral esulfide, kuburitsa goridhe rakavharirwa uye kuita kuti rive nyore kuwana cyanide solution. Bio-oxidation inoshandisa ma microorganisms kuoxidation mamineral esulfide, imwe nzira isingakuvadzi nharaunda pane kugocha mune dzimwe nguva.

Maitiro Ekutonga

1. Kutarisa uye Kugadzirisa Kuwanda kweCyanide : Ramba uchitarisa huwandu hwecyanide mumushonga wekuburitsa mvura uchishandisa nzira dzekuongorora dzakadai setitration kana ma electrodes ekusarudza maion. Zvichibva pamhedzisiro yekutarisa, gadzirisa chiyero chekuwedzera cyanide kuti uchengetedze huwandu hwakakwana mukati mekuita kwekubvisa mvura.

2. Kutarisa uye Kugadzirisa pH : Yera pH yemushonga wekudonhedza mvura nguva nenguva uchishandisa pH metres uye wedzera lime kana mamwe ma alkaline reagents sezvinodiwa kuti pH irambe iri pakati pe10 - 11.

3. Kudzora Tembiricha : Kana tembiricha ichikuganhurira, funga nezvekushandisa masisitimu ekudziyisa kana ekutonhodza kuti uchengetedze tembiricha yakakodzera yekubuda kwemvura. Izvi zvinogona kukosha zvikuru munzvimbo dzine mamiriro ekunze akaipisisa.

4. Kugadzirisa Kuwanikwa kweOkisijeni : Iva nechokwadi chekuti okisijeni inowanikwa zvakakwana uye nguva dzose muhurongwa hwekuburitsa okisijeni. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa nekushandisa nzira dzinoshanda dzekuisa mweya kana kuwedzera zvinhu zvinoburitsa okisijeni zvakaita sehydrogen peroxide mumushonga wekuburitsa okisijeni. Zvisinei, kungwarira kunofanira kuitwa pakushandisa hydrogen peroxide sezvo inogonawo kuita necyanide kana ikasadzorwa zvakanaka.

Leaching Aid Kuwedzera

Leaching aids inogona kuwedzerwa kune cyanide leaching slurry kuwedzera kushanda. Zvakajairwa leaching zvinoyamura zvinosanganisira oxidizing agents, inokwidziridzwa leaching agents, uye wetting agents. Semuenzaniso, kuwedzera okisijeni - ine oxidizing agent kune cyanide leaching process inogona kuwedzera inoshanda inoshanda okisijeni muslurry, ichivandudza leaching inoshanda. Wetting agents anogona kubatsira iyo cyanide mhinduro inopinda zvirinani mukati meore particles, kunyanya munyaya yehydrophobic ores.

mhedziso

Kugadzirisa kushanda kwesodium cyanide muvat leaching ibasa rakaoma asi rakakosha muindasitiri yemigodhi. Nekunyatso funga nekudzora zvinhu zvakaita se ore maitiro, maitiro ekugadzirisa, uye nguva yekumhanyisa, uye nekushandisa nzira dzakakodzera dzekugadzirisa, zvinokwanisika kuvandudza zvakanyanya kudzoreredzwa kwesimbi dzakakosha, kuderedza kushandiswa kwemakemikari, uye kuderedza njodzi dzezvakatipoteredza dzine chekuita nekushandiswa kwesodium cyanide. Kuenderera mberi nekutsvagisa uye hunyanzvi munzvimbo ino kwakakosha kuita kuti vat leaching process irambe yakasimba uye ibudirire mune zvehupfumi munguva refu.