Green Solutions yeGoridhe Mining: Sodium Cyanide Inotsiva muIndonesia

Indonesia ndiyo nyika hombe muASEAN, ine nzvimbo yepasi inosvika 1.919 miriyoni mativi emakiromita uye nzvimbo yegungwa ye3.16 miriyoni mativi emakiromita (kunze kweiyo yakasarudzika nzvimbo yehupfumi). Nyika ine zvicherwa zvakawanda. Zvicherwa zvikuru zvesimbi zvinosanganisira bauxite, nickel, jecha resimbi, mhangura, tini, goridhe, nesirivha; zvisiri-metallic zvicherwa zvinonyanya kuve nemarasha, limestone, uye granite. Kune zvakare mamwe matura e zinc, mercury, manganese, lead, kaolin, andesite, jecha requartz, feldspar, dolomite, bentonite, zeolite, phosphate, uye gypsum. Nekudaro, nekuda kwechinyakare tekinoroji yekuongorora geological, basa risina simba rehuwandu, uye kushomeka kwekuvandudza zviwanikwa uye kugona kushandisa, hurumende ine kunzwisisa kuzere kwezviwanikwa zvayo. Kwenguva yakareba, zvicherwa zvezvicherwa zvakanyanya kugadzirwa uye zvichishandiswa nemakambani ekunze. Zvinoenderana nenhamba kubva kuIndonesia's Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, iyo goridhe zvicherwa zviwanikwa zvakachengetwa uye kugovera ndezvizvi: matura egoridhe angangoita 1.91 miriyoni matani, ane akapupurirwa matani e3.200 matani, akanyanya kugoverwa muSumatra, Sulawesi, Kalimantan, uye Papua. Muna 2023. kugadzirwa kwacho kwaive kunosvika matani zana nemakumi matatu nemaviri, aine makirogiramu anosvika 132 egoridhe akatengeswa kunze kwenyika. Kucherwa kwegoridhe kwakwezva vanamuzvinabhizimusi vakawanda vekuChina nevanoita mari. MuIndonesia, migodhi yegoridhe inowanzoiswa mumigodhi yegoridhe ine alluvial uye oxidized ores. Iyo mirwi leaching process inoshandiswa kune oxidized ores inogamuchirwa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekudyara kwayo kwakaderera uye nekukurumidza kudzoka. Nekudaro, kuvakwa kwemurwi kunomanikidzwa nekutenga, masosi eruzivo, uye tekinoroji yekuvaka, zvichiita kuti varidzi vemigodhi vazhinji vatange kushandisa. Sodium cyanide.

Sodium cyanide inopa nyaya dzinoverengeka muIndonesia. Kutanga, mutengo wekutenga wakakwira, nemutengo wemusika we50.000 kusvika 60.000 RMB patani. Chepiri, Sodium Cyanide ine chepfu zvakanyanya; inhalation, kupinza, kana dermal absorption inogona kutungamirira kune acute chepfu. Chetatu, sodium cyanide iri pasi pemutemo wakasimba nehurumende yeIndonesia, ine mvumo dzakasimba uye manejimendi ekutengesa, kuchengetedza, uye zvekufambisa. Idzi nyaya dzinonzwisiswa zvakanaka nevekuChina vanoisa mari, asi kwagara kuine kushomeka kwedzimwe nzira dzekugadzirisa.

Kare 2016. akati wandei ane hushamwari goridhe kudhirowa vamiririri vakagadzirwa muChina uye vakashandiswa zvakanyanya. Shaanxi United Chemical ikambani yakatarisana nekugadzirwa uye kutsvagisa kwehydrogen cyanide derivatives uye zvakatipoteredza ushamwari kuchera goridhe vamiririri. Kuita chaiko kweShaanxi United's inoshamwaridzana nemhepo inochera goridhe vamiririri vanogona kutsiva sodium cyanide uye yakatengeswa uye inoshandiswa munyika dzinopfuura gumi pasi rese, ichiwana kurumbidzwa kwakapararira kubva kune vatengi.

1. Hunhu hweShaanxi United's ine hushamwari hwekuchera goridhe vamiririri ndeiyi anotevera:

2. zvinhu zvakasvibirira zvakatipoteredza uye zvakasvibirira (zvakaedzwa nemadhipatimendi ane chiremera, zvigadzirwa zvinoiswa sezvinhu zvakajairika);

3. vane chiyero chepamusoro chekudzikinura (chakakodzera murwi wekucheka, pool leaching, kubvongodza leaching, nezvimwewo);

4. vane kugadzikana kwakanaka (ine zvinogadzirisa zvinogadzirisa zvinowedzerwa kuderedza kupindira kubva kune zvinokuvadza zvakadai seS uye As);

5. vane zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa (zvinoshandiswa mugoridhe oxidized ores, primary ores, sulfuric slag, gold concentrates, anode mud, nezvimwewo);

6. zviri nyore kushandisa (pH kukosha kwe10-12. dosage uye nzira inogona kunyatsoenderana nemaitiro ecyanide);

7. ivo vane mutengo wakanaka, zvakanyanya kuderedza mari yekudyara kana ichienzaniswa nesodium cyanide.

Mashandisiro Ekuraira

1. Chikumbiro cheKushandisa:

1. Inoshanda Ore Types: Goridhe nesirivheri oxide ores, yemuno ores, yakakwira-sarufa uye yakakwira-arsenic goridhe ores, cyanide tailings, goridhe inonangana, sulfuric acid masara, anode mud, nezvimwe.

2. Applicable Mineral Processing Techniques: Heap leaching, pond leaching, kabhoni-in-pulp (stirred leaching), etc.

2. Chigadzirwa Form: Upfu hwakasimba kana granular fomu

3. Disolution Method: Kunyungudika zvizere mumvura pane tembiricha yekamuri isati yashandiswa (kazhinji, kunyungudika kunogona kukurumidza kuyerera mumvura inoyerera kana nekunyatso kubvongodza; panguva yemurwi leaching, dziva rekuisa dosing rinogona kuvakwa kumucheto kwedziva rekugadzirisa dambudziko kuti ribvumire mvura inodzosa mushure meyakagadziriswa kabhoni kurapwa kuti igeze iyo goridhe yekubvisa mumiriri mune yakashata mhinduro dziva).

4. pH Kugadziriswa: Kazhinji, lime kana sodium hydroxide inoshandiswa kugadzirisa uye kuchengetedza pH kukosha pakati pe10-12; apo mvura yekudzoka pH kukosha inoderera, alkalinity inofanira kugadziriswa panguva yakakodzera; kana iyo pH kukosha ikaramba yakakwira (yakakura kupfuura gumi nemaviri) kwenguva yakareba, inogona kutungamira mukuumbwa kwealkaline chiyero ichikanganisa activated kabhoni adsorption kana kukonzera mvura passivation inokanganisa leaching kushanda zvakanaka.

5. Dosage Kuverenga:

1. Iyo dosi inogona kutaurwa kubva kuhuwandu hwekushandiswa kwesodium cyanide, uye inokurudzirwa kuita zvicherwa zvekugadzirisa bvunzo uye kutarisa kune akanakisa mamiriro (kazhinji anenge 1-2 g / t yegoridhe oxide ores, pamwe nekusungwa kwegoridhe kuburitsa mumiririri kazhinji inochengetwa pa 0.3-0.8 ‰, inogadziriswa zvinoenderana neakasiyana magiredhi ore uye zvinokuvadza zvikamu).

2. Kuverengera Method yeDosage: Iyo yekuwedzera dosage yegoridhe yekubvisa mumiriri = (yakakwana yekuisa kukosha - yazvino kuyerwa ukoshi hwekuisa) × vhoriyamu yemvura mudziva redosing; semuenzaniso, kana iyo yakakwana yekuisa kukosha kweiyo goridhe mumiriri weiyo 1.5 ‰ (yakavakirwa pahuwandu hwemvura), uye kudzoka kwemvura yekumisikidza iri 0.6 ‰, ine 500 cubic metres emvura mune dziva reurombo, ipapo iyo yekuwedzera chipimo cheiyo: (1.5 - 0.6) × 500 = 450 kg.

6. Mashandisirwo echigadzirwa: (Inoenderana nekushandiswa kwesodium cyanide mumirwi leaching uye kabhoni leaching maitiro)

1. Murwi Wekudonha uye Pond Leaching process: Pwanya simbi yakasvibira, unganidza / chengeta, leach, adsorb ine activated kabhoni (zinc poda kutsiva), electrowinning, uye kunyungudika.

2. Carbon-in-Pulp process (Sirred Leaching): Pwanya ore mbishi, ikuya, kabhoni leach, electrowinning, uye kunyungudika.

Yakabudirira Nyaya yeEnvironmental Friendly Gold Extraction Reagent

Mugodhi weGoridhe weLingbao Wenyu wekuHenan waita bvunzo dzemurabhoritari neindasitiri uchishandisa tekinoroji nyowani ine muchetura wekuchera goridhe reagent tekinoroji mune yakazara lime cyanidation chirongwa. Miedzo yakawana zvakakodzera kugadzirisa zviratidzo. Pakukuya kutsetseka kwaive -0.074mm ine zvakakura kupfuura 90%, iyo pulp concentration yaive 40%, lime dosage yaive 3kg/t, alkaline pretreatment nguva yaive maawa maviri, dosi ye zvakatipoteredza goridhe leaching agent yaive 600g/t, uye nguva yekuregedza yaive maawa makumi maviri nemana, mwero wegoridhe wekutengesa wakasvika 24%. Mhedzisiro yemuyedzo inoratidza kuti iyi reagent inogona kutsiva sodium cyanide mukuita kwekubvisa goridhe. Parizvino, reagent yakaiswa mukushandiswa. Kuenzaniswa necyanide leaching, chiyero cheleaching chakawedzera ne95.60%, chiyero cheiyo reagent chakaderedzwa ne1.4g / t, uye nguva yekuvhara yakapfupiswa neanopfuura maawa gumi nemaviri. Pamusoro pezvo, ongororo yehuturu hwehupfu hwemaswe kubva kune inochengetedzwa goridhe leaching agent yakaratidza kuti leaching toxicity kukosha kwecyanide, mhangura, lead, zinc, uye arsenic mumaswe zvese zvaive mukati memiganho, zvichibvumidza kuburitswa kwakananga pasina kudiwa kwekubvisa.

Nezve kushandiswa kwe zvakatipoteredza ushamwari goridhe kusarudza mumiririris, zvinodikanwa kuve nenyanzvi yekuita bvunzo mumatanho ekutanga emigodhi. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti nzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemigodhi nemhando dzakasiyana dzeore dzinoburitsa mhedzisiro dzakasiyana nevamiriri vesarudzo. Muyero wakakodzera uye kana wekuwedzera mamwe makemikari zvinhu zvinofanirwa kutariswa zvichibva pane yekutanga bvunzo. Munguva iyi, Shaanxi United Chemical ichapa masevhisi ese anodiwa kuti akubatsire mukupedza bvunzo.

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