Ndarama Cyanidation Plant Cyanide Wastewater Treatment Methods

In Gold Cyanidation Plants, kunyange vamwe Cyanide Wastewater inodzokororwa, ichiripo cyanide mvura yetsvina kana cyanide masara ari kuraswa. Cyanide ine muchetura zvakanyanya, saka kurapwa kwehunyanzvi kweiyi tsvina yecyanide kwakakosha isati yaburitswa kudzivirira kusvibiswa kwezvakatipoteredza uye kukanganisa hutano hwevanhu nemhuka. Parizvino, zvinotevera zvakajairika cyanide wastewater kurapwa nzira mugoridhe cyanidation zvidyarwa.

Nzira dzekurapa dzepakati uye yakaderera Concentration Cyanide Wastewater

Alkaline Chlorination Method

Nzira yealkaline chlorination inzira inoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Munzira iyi, chlorine oxidant ine high charge oxidation state inowedzerwa mumvura yakasviba yealkaline cyanide. Ma oxidant akajairika anosanganisira ClO₂, Cl₂ (gasi nemvura), bleaching powder, sodium hypochlorite, calcium hypochlorite, uye chlorite. Mu alkaline solution, OCl⁻ kana high - charge chloride oxidation inowanzo gadzirwa. Kutanga, cyanide ino oxidized kuita cyanate, uye yozo oxidized zvakare kuti kabhoni dioxide nenitrogen.

• Advantages: Ma reagents anowanikwa zvakanyanya uye asingadhure. Maitiro ekurapa akanaka, uye zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa zviri nyore, zviri nyore kuita otomatiki.

• payakaipira: Sezvo inogadzirwa cyanogen chloride ine chepfu, inokuvadza zvakanyanya kune vanoshanda. Cyanogen chloride inosangana nemvura inogona kuburitsa utsi hunoparadza, zvichikonzera kukuvadzwa kwakanyanya kumidziyo.

Inco Method

Iyo Inco nzira yakagadzirwa neInco Ltd. muna 1982. Inonyanya kusanganisira kuwedzera musanganiswa weSO₂ uye mhepo kumvura yakasvibiswa yecyanide uye kutonga pH kukosha pakati pe8 - 10. Divalent copper ions inokonzera oxidation ye cyanide mumvura yakasvibiswa.

• Advantages: Iyo Inco nzira iri nyore, uye midziyo inoshandiswa haina kuoma. Mushonga wekurapa unowanzo nani pane chlorination process (pasina kufunga nezvehupfu hwethiocyanate). Iyo reagent masosi yakafararira, uye mari yacho yakaderera pane iyo yealkaline chlorination process.

• payakaipira: Iyo Inco nzira inoomerwa neoxidizing SCN⁻, uye SCN⁻ inogona kuparadzanisa CN⁻ gare gare, saka haina kukodzera kurapa cyanide tsvina ine yakakwirira - concentration SCN⁻. SO₂ zvakare inosvibisa mhepo uye inogona kupukunyuka nekudonha panguva yekuita, kusvibisa nharaunda.

H₂O₂ Oxidation Nzira

Pasi pemamiriro epH kukosha kwe9.5 - 11. tembiricha yakajairika, uye copper (Cu²⁺) ions secatalyst, H₂O₂ oxidize cyanide kugadzira CNO⁻. CNO⁻ ichawedzerwa hydrolyzed kugadzira NH₄⁺ uye CO₃²⁻, uye mwero wehydrolysis unoenderana nepH.

• Advantages: Mhedzisiro yekurapa yecyanide wastewater yakanaka, uye maitiro ari nyore. Iyo oxidation nzira yakakodzera kurapa yakaderera - concentration cyanide wastewater, uye cyanide concentration mushure mekurapwa isingasviki 0.5mg/L.

• payakaipira: H₂O₂ ine muchetura uye inoita ngura, saka kutakurwa nekushandiswa kwayo kune njodzi. Iyo oxidation nzira inoomerwa neoxidizing SCN⁻ mumvura yetsvina, uye iyo yakagadziriswa tsvina ichiri chepfu.

Ozone Oxidation Nzira

Ozone ine simba rakasimba reoxidation, ine electrode inogona kuita 2.07mV, yechipiri chete kune fluorine. Inogona kuora nyore nyore zvikamu zvisingakwanisi kusvibiswa nemamwe maoxidants. Iyo kemikari yekuita mashandiro eiyo ozone oxidation process ndeyekuti ozone inopindirana ne cyanide kuti ibudise cyanide, iyo inozoitwa hydrolyzed kugadzira nitrogen uye carbonate.

• Advantages: Inongoda michina kugadzira ozone uye haidi kutenga nekutakura makemikari. Iyo nzira iri nyore uye yakanakira, isina kusvibiswa kwechipiri.

• payakaipira: Nekuda kwemutengo wakakwira weozone jenareta uye kuomerwa kwekugadzirisa midziyo, pane zvimwe zvisingakwanisi mukushandiswa kwemaindasitiri. Iyo ozone oxidation nzira inopedza simba guru remagetsi, saka zvakaoma kushandisa munzvimbo dzine simba risina kukwana.

Kurapa Nzira dzePamusoro - Concentration Cyanide Wastewater

Acidification Method

Iyo acidification nzira inogona kurapa yakawanda yeakakwira - concentration cyanide mhinduro (60 × 10⁻⁶ + NaCN) inoburitswa kubva mumafekitori. Iko kusanganiswa kwemahara cyanide ions mune mhinduro inogona kuderedzwa kusvika 1 × 10⁻⁶.

• Advantages: Inogona kukwirisa kudzoreredzwa kwecyanide, kudzokorodza zviwanikwa, uye ine zvakakosha zvehupfumi.

• payakaipira: Iyo imwe-nguva yekudyara yakakurisa, uye mamwe madiki uye epakati-saizi mabhizinesi haazvikwanise. Kuvhiya kwacho kwakaoma, uye pulp yakarapwa ichiri kunetseka kuzadzisa zviyero zvekubuda.

Natural Degradation Method

Nzira yekudzikira kwechisikigo inzira yekuchenesa inosvibisa cyanide uchishandisa zvinhu zvakasikwa sechiedza. Inosanganisira mhedzisiro yecyanide volatilization, decomposition, oxidation, photochemical degradation, biodegradation, precipitation, uye adsorption, inova mhedzisiro yekuomesesa kwakazara mhedzisiro yemuviri chemistry, photochemistry, uye biochemistry.

• Advantages: Nzira yekuchenesa yakasikwa inogona kuzadzisa chinangwa chekubvisa cyanide pasina midziyo kana chero makemikari, saka mutengo wakaderera zvikuru.

• payakaipira: Nzira yacho inononoka, uye mvura yakagadziriswa yakasvibiswa haigoni kuzadzisa zviyero zvekubuda.

Mbiri - Stage Precipitation Method

Iyo mbiri - nhanho yekunaya kwemvura inzira inoshanda yakavharwa - loop yakazara - nzira yekutenderera yakagadziridzwa kune zvidiki uye zvepakati - saizi yegoridhe cyanidation zvidyarwa zvine yakakwirira - concentration SCN⁻ mvura yetsvina, inogona kuwana "zero discharge" yetsvina. Iyo miviri - nhanho yekunaya kwemvura inonyanya kusanganisira kuwedzera catalyst uye oksijeni yakakwana kune cyanide mumvura yetsvina, uyezve kubvisa cyanide kuburikidza neanotevera maitiro pane goridhe - inotakura zvinhu.

2Cu⁺ + 2SCN⁻→Ku₂(SCN)₂↓

Ca²⁺ + SO₄²⁻→CaSO₄↓

Pb²⁺ + SO₄²⁻→PbSO₄↓

H⁺ + CN⁻→HCN

• Advantages: Inogona kubvisa heavy metal ions mumhinduro uye kuzadzisa kudzokororwa kwemvura yakasviba.

• payakaipira: Yekutanga-nhanho kunaya kunofanira kunge kwakazara. Zvikasadaro, kana uchiwedzera alkali, cuprous rhodanate inonyungudika, ichikanganisa kurapwa. Unprecipitated CaSO₄ inogona kukonzera kuvhara kwevhavha.

Idzi ndidzo dzakajairwa cyanide tsvina yekurapa nzira mugoridhe cyanidation zvidyarwa. Pamusoro peiyo cyanide iri pamusoro - nzira dzekubvisa, kuderedza kushandiswa kwecyanide mune yegoridhe cyanidation process kunogonawo kuderedza kubuda kweiyo cyanide tsvina.