Sodium Cyanide (NaCN): Kugadzirwa uye Kusiyana Kwekushandisa

Sodium cyanide (NaCN) ikemikari ine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa mumaindasitiri akasiyana siyana. Kukosha kwayo kuri mune yakasarudzika makemikari zvimiro izvo zvinoita kuti iite zvakakosha mumatanho akadai seorganic synthesis, kunatsa simbi, nezvimwe.

I. Zvishandiso zveNaCN

A. Organic Synthesis

NaCN inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzirwa kweorganic synthesis. Inoshanda se reagent yakakosha mukuumbwa kwe kabhoni-carbon bonds, zvichibvumira ma chemicals kugadzira mamorekuru akaomarara e organic. Izvi zvakakosha pakugadzirwa kwemishonga, makemikari akanaka, uye mamwe ma organic compounds akawanda. Semuenzaniso, mukugadzirwa kwemishonga yakati, NaCN inoshandiswa kuunza mapoka chaiwo anoshanda, ayo akakosha pakushanda kwemushonga.

B. Kunatsa Goridhe neSirivha

Muindasitiri yezvicherwa, NaCN inoita basa rakakosha mukucherwa nekukwenenzvera kwegoridhe nesirivha. Maitiro, anozivikanwa se cyanidation, anosanganisira kunyungudutsa goridhe nesirivheri kubva mu ores yavo mune mhinduro ye Sodium Cyanide. Iyi nzira inoshanda zvakanyanya uye inogamuchirwa zvakanyanya mumigodhi mikuru pasi rose. Inobvumira kupatsanurwa kwesimbi dzinokosha kubva kune mamwe maminerari aripo mune ore, zvichiita kuti pave nekugadzirwa kwegoridhe nesirivha.

C. Electroplating

NaCN zvakare chikamu chakakosha mune electroplating maitiro. Inobatsira mukuiswa kwechidimbu chesimbi pane substrate. Mu electroplating, iyo cyanide ions muNaCN yakaoma ine simbi ions, zvichiita kuti yunifomu yavo igadzikane pamusoro pechinhu chiri kuputirwa. Izvi zvinoita kuti pave nesimbi yakatsetseka uye inonamatira, iyo inoshandiswa pakushongedza, kuchengetedzwa kwekuora, nekuvandudza magetsi emagetsi echinhu chakaputirwa.

D. Zvimwe Zvishandiso

Pamusoro pezviri pamusoro, NaCN inoshandiswa musimbi kupisa kurapwa kugadzirisa pamusoro pezvimiro zvesimbi. Inoshandiswawo mukugadzirwa kwedhayi, mishonga yezvipembenene, sechinhu chinosarudzika musimbi isina ferrous metal ore flotation, mukugadzirwa kwemethyl methacrylate resin, uye mukugadzira potassium ferrocyanide (yellow prussiate yepotashi).

II. Key Raw Materials eNaCN Production

A. Hydrocyanic Acid

Imwe yezvakakosha zvekushandisa zvekugadzirwa kweNaCN ndeye hydrocyanic acid (HCN). Parizvino, chikamu chakakosha che hydrocyanic acid chinowanikwa sechigadzirwa kubva mukugadzirwa kwe acrylonitrile (CH₂=CHCN). Muchigadzirwa chekugadzira acrylonitrile, huwandu hwe-product hydrocyanic acid inenge 10% yehuwandu hwekugadzirwa kweacrylonitrile. Ichi ne-chigadzirwa chinozoitwa zvakare kugadzira NaCN.

B. Mamwe Manyuko

Munzvimbo dzine mamiriro akanaka, hydrocyanic acid inogona zvakare kugadzirwa kubva kugasi rechisikigo uye ammonia. Iyi imwe nzira inopa imwe sosi yehydrocyanic acid yekugadzirwa kweNaCN. Iyo synthesis yehydrocyanic acid kubva kune izvi mbishi zvinhu inosanganisira yakaoma makemikari maitiro ayo anoda chaiwo maitiro ekuita uye catalysts.

Mukupedzisa, sodium cyanide ikemikari inosiyana-siyana ine maapplication anosvika kure mumaindasitiri akawanda. Kugadzirwa kweNaCN kwakanyatso kusungirirwa nekuwanikwa kwezvinhu zvakakosha, kunyanya hydrocyanic acid, inogona kutorwa kubva kune acrylonitrile ne-zvigadzirwa kana kugadzirwa kubva kugasi rechisikigo uye ammonia. Sezvo maindasitiri ari kuramba achishanduka, kukosha kweNaCN mukugonesa akasiyana makemikari maitiro anogona kuramba achienderera.