Cyanidation Gold Extraction: A Kutarisa paPercolation Cyanidation Process

ziviso

Ndarama yagara iine kukosha kwakakosha munhoroondo yevanhu, kwete chete kushandiswa kwayo muzvishongo asiwo mumaindasitiri akasiyana akadai semagetsi, mazino, uye aerospace. Kubviswa kwegoridhe kubva mumatombo ayo inzira yakaoma, uye cyanidation iri imwe yenzira dzinoshandiswa zvakanyanya. Cyanidation goridhe kutorwa kunosanganisira kushandisa cyanide mhinduro dzekunyungudutsa goridhe kubva mumatombo. Iyi nzira inoshanda nekuti goridhe rinokwanisa kugadzira macomplexes akagadzikana ane cyanide ions. Ichi chinyorwa chinodonhedza zvakadzika mukati meiyo cyanidation process, ichinyanya kusimbisa iyo Percolation Cyanidation Nzira.

Kunzwisisa Cyanidation Gold Extraction

Nheyo yeCyanidation

Nheyo yakakosha yecyanidation yakavakirwa pakuita kwegoridhe necyanide pamberi peokisijeni. Kana goridhe rasangana nemushonga wecyanide uye pave neokisijeni iripo, kemikari inoitika. Kuburikidza nekuita uku, goridhe rinoiswa oxidized uye rinogadzira soluble complex. Iyo cyanide ions inoita basa rakakosha mukuita uku nekusunga neiyoni yegoridhe, ichiita kuti inyunguduke mumhinduro. Kunyungudika uku kunobvumira kupatsanurwa kwegoridhe kubva kune ore matrix, inova nhanho yekutanga mukubvisa goridhe kubva kune mbishi ore.

General Process yeCyanidation

Iyo cyanidation process inowanzo ine akati wandei matanho akakosha:

1. Ore Preparation: Chicherwa chinotanga kupwanywa uye chinogayiwa kusvika pakukura kwakakodzera. Iyi nhanho yakakosha sezvo ichiwedzera pamusoro penzvimbo ye ore, ichibvumira kusangana zviri nani neiyo cyanide mhinduro. Iyo nzira inogona kusanganisira matanho akawanda ekupwanya uye kukuya kuti uwane hunyoro hunodiwa.

2. Cyanide Leaching: Mushure mekunge ore yagadzirwa, inoiswa pasi peLeaching ine cyanide solution. Kune nzira dzakasiyana dzeleaching, nemhando mbiri huru dziri agitation cyanidation uye percolation cyanidation. Mukubvongodza cyanidation, ore inosanganiswa nemushonga we cyanide mumatangi akabvongodzwa. Percolation cyanidation, inova ndiyo yakanangana nechinyorwa chino, inosanganisira iyo cyanide mhinduro inoputika nemumubhedha wesimbi.

3. Kuparadzaniswa kweGoridhe - Kutakura Solution: Kana iyo leaching process yapera, iyo goridhe-inotakura mhinduro inoda kupatsanurwa kubva kune yakasimba yakasara. Izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nenzira dzakadai sefiltration kana sedimentation.

4. Kudzorerwa kweGoridhe: Mushure mekupatsanura mhinduro yegoridhe, nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandiswa kudzosa goridhe kubva mairi. Nzira dzakajairika dzinosanganisira mvura ye zinc, apo zinc inowedzerwa mumhinduro yekubvisa goridhe kubva mucomplex, zvichiita zvidimbu zvegoridhe rakasimba. Imwe nzira inoshandiswa. kabhoni adsorption, uko Yakagadziriswa Carbon inoshandiswa kunyudza gold complex kubva mumushonga, iyo inozogadziriswazve kuti iwane goridhe rakachena.

Percolation Cyanidation Maitiro

Iyo Percolation Cyanidation Inoshanda

Percolation cyanidation inzira iyo dilute cyanide mhinduro inotenderwa kutenderera kuburikidza nemubhedha weakapwanyika kana agglomerated ore. Chicherwa chinowanzoiswa mumudziyo muhombe, senge vheti inonyudza kana murwi. Mushonga we cyanide unogoverwa zvakaenzana pamusoro pemubhedha weore uye wobva wadzika zvishoma nezvishoma uchidzika nepasi nekuda kwegiravhiti. Sezvo mhinduro ichipfuura nepakati pesimbi, cyanide inopindirana negoridhe riripo muore, ichiita goridhe rinonyunguduka - cyanide complex. Iyi yakaoma inobva yaunganidzwa pasi pemudziyo.

Zvikamu zvakakosha uye Matanho muPercolation Cyanidation

1.Ore Kugadzirira kwePercolation Cyanidation:

• Kupwanya uye kuongorora: Chicherwa chinotanga kutswanyiwa kusvika pakukora zvishoma, kazhinji muhupamhi hwemasendimita mashoma kusvika pamamirimita mashoma. Izvi ndezvekuona kuti pane ma voids akakwana mumubhedha weore kuitira kuti cyanide solution ipere. Mushure mekupwanya, ore inogona kuongororwa kuti ibvise chero zvidimbu zvakakura.

• Agglomeration (Sarudzo): Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kunyanya kune ores ine yakakwira yevhu yemukati kana yakanaka-yakaomeswa zvinhu, agglomeration inogona kudikanwa. Agglomeration inosanganisira kuwedzera chinhu chinosunga, senge simende kana lime, kune ore nekuisanganisa nemvura. Izvi zvinobatsira kuumba zvimedu zvakakura, zvakagadzikana, kuvandudza kupera kwemubhedha we ore uye kudzivirira kuvhara kwepores panguva ye percolation process.

2.Leaching Setup:

• Leaching Vats kana Murwi Leaching:

• Leaching Vats: Kune zvidiki-zvikero mashandiro kana epamusoro-giredhi ores, leaching vats inowanzoshandiswa. Aya midziyo mihombe ine mitsetse panoiswa simbi. Mabheti akashongedzerwa nepasi renhema, izvo zvinobvumira mushonga wecyanide kuunganidza pasi pemubhedha weore pasina kutakura zvimedu zvakasimba. Mushonga wecyanide unounzwa pamusoro pevheti, kungave kuburikidza nespray system kana nekungodira pamusoro pesimbi.

• Heap Leaching: Heap leaching inonyanya kukodzera kumabasa makuru uye akaderera-giredhi ores. Mumurwi wekucheka, simbi inotutirwa pajira risingapindike pasi. Murwi unogona kunge wakakura, dzimwe nguva uchifukidza mahekita akati wandei. Mushonga wecyanide unogoverwa pamusoro pemurwi uchishandisa network yezvinomwaya mvura kana kuti madrip irrigation systems.

• Cyanide Solution Kugadzirira: Mushonga we cyanide unoshandiswa mu percolation cyanidation inowanzoita dilute solution ye Sodium Cyanide kana potassium cyanide, ine mutsara kazhinji muhuwandu hwe 0.01% - 0.1% nehuremu. Mhinduro yacho inogonawo kunge iine zvimwe zvinowedzera, senge lime, kugadzirisa pH yemhinduro. Kuchengetedza pH chaiyo kwakakosha, sezvo inokanganisa kugadzikana kwecyanide uye chiyero chekunyungudika kwegoridhe. Iyo yakakwana pH yecyanidation inowanzotenderedza 10 - 11.

3.Percolation uye Leaching:

• Solution Distribution: Mushonga we cyanide unogoverwa zvakaenzana pamusoro pemubhedha we ore. Munyaya yekuvharisa vats, izvi zvinogona kuwanikwa nekushandisa pombi ine perforated kana spray nozzle system. Mumurwi wekucheka, masprinkler kana madrip irrigation system anovimbisa kuti mushonga wasvika pamativi ese emurwi.

• Leaching Time: Nguva yeleaching mu percolation cyanidation inogona kusiyanisa zvakanyanya zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakaita serudzi rweore, saizi yechikamu, uye kusungirirwa kweiyo cyanide mhinduro. Kazhinji, inogona kubva pamazuva akawanda kusvika kumavhiki akawanda. Munguva ino, iyo cyanide mhinduro inoramba ichitenderera kuburikidza neore, ichiita negoridhe nekuinyungudutsa.

• Monitoring uye Kudzora: Munguva yese yekuita leaching, zvakakosha kutarisa akasiyana ma parameter. Izvi zvinosanganisira kugara uchitarisa pH yemushonga, kuwanda kwecyanide mumhinduro, uye huwandu hwegoridhe rakanyungudutswa mumhinduro. Mienzaniso yemhinduro inotorwa nguva nenguva uye inoongororwa murabhoritari. Kugadziriswa kunogona kuitwa kune iyo pH kana iyo cyanide kusungwa kana zvichidikanwa kuti ukwidzise iyo leaching maitiro.

4.Kuunganidza uye Kurapa Kwepamuviri Solution:

• Kuunganidza: Mushonga unotakura goridhe, unozivikanwawo semushonga wepamuviri, unounganidzwa pazasi pechivharo chemvura kana kubva mudhiraini mumurwi wemvura. Mune leaching vats, mushonga wepamuviri unobviswa kuburikidza nevhavha pazasi pepasi renhema. Mumurwi wekucheka, mushonga unounganidzwa mumadhamu kana madziva ari pazasi pemurwi.

• mabatiro: Kana yaunganidzwa, mushonga wepamuviri unorapwa kuti udzore goridhe. Sezvambotaurwa, nzira dzakajairika dzinosanganisira zinc kunaya uye activated kabhoni adsorption. Mune zinc precipitation, zinc guruva kana zinc shavings inowedzerwa kune ane pamuviri mhinduro. Iyo zinc inopindirana negoridhe - cyanide complex, ichibvisa goridhe uye kugadzira zvimedu zvegoridhe zvakasimba, izvo zvinozokwanisa kusefa nekumwe kugadziridzwa. Mune activated kabhoni adsorption, iyo pamuviri mhinduro inopfuudzwa kuburikidza nekoramu izere neyakagadzirwa kabhoni. Iyo goridhe - cyanide complex inoiswa pamusoro pekabhoni, uye kabhoni yobva yabviswa kubva mukoramu uye inogadziriswa kuti ibudise goridhe.

Zvakanakira uye Zvakaipa zvePercolation Cyanidation

Advantages

1. Kukodzera kune Yakaderera - Grade Ores: Percolation cyanidation, kunyanya mirwi leaching, inoshanda zvakanyanya pakurapa yakaderera-giredhi ores yegoridhe. Sezvo maitiro acho ari nyore uye asingade yakakura kugaya uye inodhura midziyo yekugadzirisa zvakanaka-yakaomeswa ore, inogona kubatsira mune zvehupfumi kune ores isingaite pundutso kugadzirisa uchishandisa dzimwe nzira dzakaoma.

2. Yakaderera Capital uye Mari Yekushandisa: Zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzira dzekubvisa goridhe, senge agitation cyanidation iyo inoda hombe, inodhura matangi ekuzungunusa uye yakakwirira - simba rekushandisa pakusanganisa, percolation cyanidation ine mari yakaderera. Midziyo inodiwa, senge mabheti ekulecha kana murwi wakareruka - zvekuvakisa, hazvidhure. Pamusoro pezvo, mari yekushandisa yakaderera zvakare sezvo ichidya simba shoma uye inoda kushomeka kwekushanda kwezuva nezuva.

3. Mabhenefiti ezvakatipoteredza (Zvishoma): Panyaya yekukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza, percolation cyanidation inogona kuve nezvimwe zvakanakira. Semuenzaniso, mumirwi yekucheka, ore haisi pasi pekukuya kukuru, izvo zvinoderedza chizvarwa cheguruva rakatsetseka. Zvakare, kushandiswa kweiyo lined leaching vats kana mirwi liners kunobatsira kudzivirira kubuda kwecyanide - ine zvigadziriso munzvimbo. Nekudaro, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti cyanide ichiri chinhu chine muchetura, uye kutonga kwakaringana kwezvakatipoteredza kuchiri kwakakosha.

4. Simple Process: Iyo nzira ye percolation cyanidation iri nyore uye iri nyore kunzwisisa nekushanda. Izvi zvinoita kuti zviwanike kumabasa ezvicherwa zvidiki nehunyanzvi hushoma hwehunyanzvi.

payakaipira

1. Slow Leaching Rate: Chimwe chezvipingamupinyi zvakakura zve percolation cyanidation ndiyo inononoka leaching rate. Kuenzaniswa neagitation cyanidation, uko ore inoramba ichisanganiswa necyanide solution, iyo percolation process inovimba nekufamba kunononoka kwemhinduro kuburikidza nemubhedha weore. Izvi zvinogona kukonzera nguva yakareba yeleaching, iyo inogona kunge isingakodzeri maoparesheni anoda kugadzirwa kwepamusoro kana kutendeuka nekukurumidza.

2. Yakaderera Goridhe Kudzoreredza mune Dzimwe Nyaya: Huwandu hwekudzoreredza goridhe mu percolation cyanidation inogona kunge yakaderera pane yedzimwe nzira, kunyanya kune ores ine yakaoma mineralogy. Kana iyo goridhe yakagovewa zvakanaka kana kuvharirwa mukati memamwe maminerari, iyo cyanide mhinduro inogona kusakwanisa kuwana ese goridhe zvimedu zvinobudirira, zvichikonzera kudzikira kudzoreredza mitengo.

3. Cyanide Toxicity: Cyanide chinhu chine muchetura zvakanyanya, uye kushandiswa kwayo mu percolation cyanidation kunounza njodzi dzakakosha kwezvakatipoteredza uye chengetedzo. Chero kuvuza kana kubata zvisina kunaka kwecyanide - ine zvigadziriso zvinogona kuve nemhedzisiro yakaoma kune zvakatipoteredza uye hutano hwevanhu. Matanho akasimba ekuchengetedza uye mirau yezvakatipoteredza inofanirwa kuteverwa kudzikisa njodzi idzi.

4. Sensitivity kune Ore Properties: Kubudirira kwe percolation cyanidation kunoenderana zvakanyanya nemaitiro eiyo ore. Ores ane ivhu rakawanda, semuenzaniso, anogona kukonzera matambudziko nekupenya kwemubhedha weore, zvichikonzera kushata kwemhinduro kuyerera uye kusaita leaching. Pamusoro pezvo, ores ane mamwe maminerari anogona kuita necyanide, senge mhangura inotakura zvicherwa, anogona kushandisa cyanide uye kuderedza kushanda kweiyo leaching process.

Kuenzanisa nedzimwe nzira dzekuchera goridhe

Kuenzanisa neAgitation Cyanidation

1. Leaching Efficiency: Agitation cyanidation kazhinji ine yakakwirira leaching inoshanda kana ichienzaniswa nepercolation cyanidation. Mukubvongodza cyanidation, kuramba kusanganiswa kweore necyanide solution kunoita kuti pave nani kubatana pakati pezviviri izvi, zvichikonzera kunyungudika nekukurumidza kwegoridhe. Izvi zvinogona kutungamira kupfupi nguva yekumhanyisa uye yakakwirira goridhe kudzoreredza mitengo, kunyanya kune ores ine yakakwira goridhe yemukati kana yakaoma mineralogy.

2. Equipment uye Mari: Agitation cyanidation inoda midziyo yakaoma uye inodhura, kusanganisira matangi makuru ekuzunguza, mota dzine simba dzekusanganisa, uye masisitimu ekupomba anotsvedza. Izvi zvinoguma nepamusoro pemari yemari. Mukupesana, percolation cyanidation inoda midziyo iri nyore, senge leaching vats kana basic murwi - zvekuvaka, zvichiita kuti iwedzere kudhura - inoshanda maererano nekudyara mari. Nekudaro, mari yekushandisa yeagitation cyanidation inogona kunge isiri yakakwira, sezvo nguva pfupi yekumhanyisa inogona kudzikamisa kushandiswa kwesimba kwepamusoro pakusanganisa.

3. Kukodzera kune Mhando dzeOre: Agitation cyanidation inonyanya kukodzera kune ores inoda kugayiwa kwakanaka uye kugadzirwa kwakanyanya, senge sulfide - rich gold ores. Percolation cyanidation, kune rumwe rutivi, inokodzera zvirinani kune yakaderera - giredhi, oxidized ores inogona kugadziriswa munzvimbo yakaoma.

Kuenzanisa neNon - Cyanide Gold Extraction Methods

1. Kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza: Nzira dzekubvisa goridhe dzisiri cyanide, dzakaita sethiourea leaching kana bio-leaching, dzinowanzoonekwa sedzakanyanya kuchengetedzeka kwezvakatipoteredza sezvo dzisingashandisi ine muchetura cyanide. Zvisinei, nzira idzi dzinewo matambudziko adzo ezvakatipoteredza. Semuyenzaniso, thiourea inogona kukuvadza nharaunda kana ikasabatwa nemazvo, uye bio-leaching ingangoda mamiriro ezvakatipoteredza uye nguva refu yekugadzirisa. Percolation cyanidation, zvisinei nekushandisa cyanide, inogona kudzorwa nenzira ine chekuita nemhoteredzo nekuchengetedza kwakaringana uye kurapwa kwecyanide - ine mhinduro.

2. Mutengo uye Kubudirira: Nzira dzisiri dzecyanide dzinogona kunge dziine mitengo yakakwira maererano nemareagents kana mashandisirwo emagetsi. Semuyenzaniso, thiourea inodhura kupfuura cyanide, uye bio-leaching ingangoda hunyanzvi tsika dzehutachiona uye inodzorwa mamiriro ekunze, izvo zvinogona kuwedzera mutengo. Panyaya yekushanda zvakanaka, cyanidation, kusanganisira percolation cyanidation, kazhinji ine mwero wepamusoro wekudzoreredza goridhe zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzira dzisiri dzecyanide, kunyanya dzechinyakare goridhe ores.

mhedziso

Percolation cyanidation inzira yakakosha muindasitiri yekuchera goridhe, kunyanya yekurapa yakaderera-giredhi uye oxidized goridhe ores. Kureruka kwaro, kudhura kwakaderera, uye kukodzera kune mamwe marudzi ematombo kunoita kuti ive hurongwa hwakakosha. Nekudaro, haina zvipingamupinyi zvayo, senge kunonoka kudonha, mukana wekudzikisa goridhe kudzoreredza, uye njodzi yezvakatipoteredza nekuchengetedza ine chekuita nekushandiswa kwecyanide. Sezvo indasitiri yezvicherwa ichiramba ichishanduka, kuedza kuri kuitwa kuvandudza maitiro ekuita cyanidation, senge kuburikidza nekuita zvirinani ore, optimization yemaparamita ekuita, uye kuvandudzwa kwenzira dzinoshanda uye dzine hushamwari dzekuchengetedza cyanide. Pamusoro pezvo, tsvakiridzo mune dzimwe nzira dzekubvisa goridhe dzinogona kukunda zvipimo zvecyanidation dzirikuenderera mberi. Zvisinei nematambudziko aya, percolation cyanidation ingangoramba ichiita basa rakakura mukugadzirwa kwegoridhe kune ramangwana rinoonekwa, kunyanya mumatunhu ane zviwanikwa zvegoridhe zvakaderera.